Abstract The phytosociological survey was conducted during 2018-2020. The research area was classified into five ecological zones based on habitat, physiognomy and species composition. Pc-Ord software was used for cluster analysis and four vegetation communities were established. The Quercus baloot-Quercus incana community is situated in Sair at an altitude of 1196 (mean ± SE) m altitude with a 14.1 ± 0 slope angle and contains eleven tree species. The Pinus wallichiana- Ailanthus altissima community had a relatively small number of tree species reported in Shakawlie at 1556 (mean ± SE) with a 17.5 ± 0 slope angle. The Pinus wallichiana- Quercus incana community is distributed in Wali Kandao and Mangi Kandao at altitudes of 2030.5 (mean ± SE) m and the slope angle was 19.2 ± 1.4. This community possesses a total of twenty-one tree species and is highly diverse. Similarly, the Populus alba - Platanus orientalis group was present in Banr Pate, with an altitude of 1613 (mean ± SE) m and a 16.3 slope angle. The principal component analysis (PCA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination methods were applied to study the relationships between ecological and soil variables with trees species. The NMS ordination of axis 1 was significantly correlated with Sand% (p<0.2), Nitrogen% (p<0.1) and Pb (mg/kg) (r= 0.876751, p<0.05), while the ordination of axis 2 was significantly correlated with Silt% (p<0.2), Sand% (p<0.2), Organic matter% (p<0.2), K (mg/kg) (r=0.882433, p<0.02), Fe (mg/kg)(r=0.614833, p<0.2), Ca (mg/kg) (r=0.721712, p< 0.2) and Zn (mg/kg) (r=0.609545, p<0.2). Similarly, the PCA ordination of axis 1 revealed that it was significantly correlated with phosphorus, calcium and slope angle, while that of axis 2 was significantly correlated with altitude, zinc and manganese. 20182020. 20182020 2018 2020. 2020 2018-2020 habitat composition PcOrd Pc Ord established balootQuercus baloot 119 mean SE 141 14 14. wallichiana 155 175 17 5 17. 20305 2030 2030. 192 19 19. 4 1.4 twentyone twenty one diverse Similarly Pate 161 163 16 3 16. (PCA nonmetric non metric (NMS Sand p<0.2, p02 p p<0.2 , (p<0.2) Nitrogen p<0.1 p01 (p<0.1 mg/kg mgkg mg kg (mg/kg r= r (r 0876751 876751 0.876751 p<0.05, p005 p<0.05 05 p<0.05) Silt matter r=0.882433, r0882433 882433 (r=0.882433 p<0.02, p002 p<0.02 02 p<0.02) mg/kgr=0.614833, mgkgr0614833 mgkgr r=0.614833, 614833 (mg/kg)(r=0.614833 p<0.2) r=0.721712, r0721712 721712 (r=0.721712 0.2 r=0.609545, r0609545 609545 (r=0.609545 p<0.2. . phosphorus manganese 2018202 201 202 2018-202 11 15 203 1. p0 p<0. (p<0.2 (p<0. 087675 87675 0.87675 p00 p<0.0 r=0.882433 r088243 88243 (r=0.88243 kgr mg/kgr=0.614833 mgkgr061483 r0614833 r=0.614833 61483 (mg/kg)(r=0.61483 r=0.721712 r072171 72171 (r=0.72171 0. r=0.609545 r060954 60954 (r=0.60954 201820 20 2018-20 p<0 (p<0 08767 8767 0.8767 r=0.88243 r08824 8824 (r=0.8824 mg/kgr=0.61483 mgkgr06148 r061483 r=0.61483 6148 (mg/kg)(r=0.6148 r=0.72171 r07217 7217 (r=0.7217 r=0.60954 r06095 6095 (r=0.6095 20182 2018-2 (p< 0876 876 0.876 r=0.8824 r0882 882 (r=0.882 mg/kgr=0.6148 mgkgr0614 r06148 r=0.6148 614 (mg/kg)(r=0.614 r=0.7217 r0721 721 (r=0.721 r=0.6095 r0609 609 (r=0.609 2018- (p 087 87 0.87 r=0.882 r088 88 (r=0.88 mg/kgr=0.614 mgkgr061 r0614 r=0.614 61 (mg/kg)(r=0.61 r=0.721 r072 72 (r=0.72 r=0.609 r060 60 (r=0.60 08 8 0.8 r=0.88 r08 (r=0.8 mg/kgr=0.61 mgkgr06 r061 r=0.61 6 (mg/kg)(r=0.6 r=0.72 r07 7 (r=0.7 r=0.60 r06 (r=0.6 r=0.8 r0 (r=0. mg/kgr=0.6 mgkgr0 r=0.6 (mg/kg)(r=0. r=0.7 r=0. (r=0 mg/kgr=0. (mg/kg)(r=0 r=0 mg/kgr=0 (mg/kg)(r= mg/kgr= (mg/kg)(r mg/kgr

Resumo O levantamento fitossociológico foi realizado durante o período 2018-2020. A área de pesquisa foi classificada em cinco zonas ecológicas com base no habitat, na fisionomia e na composição de espécies. O software Pc-Ord foi utilizado para análise de agrupamento e quatro comunidades de vegetação foram estabelecidas. A comunidade Quercus baloot-Quercus incana está situada em Sair, a uma altitude de 1.196 m (média ± SE) de altitude, com um ângulo de inclinação de 14,1° ± 0, e contém 11 espécies de árvores. A comunidade Pinus wallichiana-Ailanthus altissima teve um número relativamente pequeno de espécies de árvores relatadas em Shakawlie, em 1.556 m (média ± SE) de altitude, com um ângulo de inclinação de 17,5° ± 0. A comunidade de Pinus wallichiana-Quercus incana está distribuída em Wali Kandao e Mangi Kandao, em altitude de 2.030,5 m (média ± SE) e ângulo de inclinação de 19,2° ± 1,4. Esta comunidade possui um total de 21 espécies de árvores e é altamente diversificada. Da mesma forma, o grupo Populus alba-Platanus orientalis esteve presente em Banr Pate, com altitude de 1.613 m (média ± SE) e ângulo de inclinação de 16,3°. Os métodos de análise de componentes principais (PCA) e ordenação de escala multidimensional não métrica (NMS) foram aplicados para estudar as relações entre variáveis ecológicas e de solo com espécies arbóreas. A ordenação NMS do eixo 1 foi significativamente correlacionada com as porcentagens de Areia (p<0,2), Nitrogênio (p<0,1) e Chumbo (mg/kg) (r=0,876751, p<0,05), enquanto a ordenação do eixo 2 foi significativamente correlacionada com as porcentagens de Silte (p<0,2), Areia (p<0,2), Matéria Orgânica (p<0,2), Potássio (mg/kg) (r=0,882433, p<0,02), Ferro (mg/kg) (r=0,614833, p<0,2), Cálcio (mg/kg) (r=0,721712, p< 0,2) e Zinco (mg/kg) (r=0,609545, p<0,2). Da mesma forma, a ordenação PCA do eixo 1 revelou que estava significativamente correlacionada com fósforo e cálcio, e ângulo de inclinação, enquanto a do eixo 2 estava significativamente correlacionada com zinco e manganês, e altitude. 20182020. 20182020 2018 2020. 2020 2018-2020 habitat PcOrd Pc Ord estabelecidas balootQuercus baloot Sair 1196 196 1.19 média SE 141 14 14,1 0 wallichianaAilanthus wallichiana Ailanthus Shakawlie 1556 556 1.55 175 17 5 17,5 wallichianaQuercus 20305 030 2.030, 192 19 19,2 4 1,4 diversificada forma albaPlatanus alba Platanus Pate 1613 613 1.61 163 16 3 16,3° (PCA (NMS arbóreas p<0,2, p02 p p<0,2 , (p<0,2) p<0,1 p01 (p<0,1 mg/kg mgkg mg kg (mg/kg r=0,876751, r0876751 r 876751 (r=0,876751 p<0,05, p005 p<0,05 05 p<0,05) r=0,882433, r0882433 882433 (r=0,882433 p<0,02, p002 p<0,02 02 p<0,02) r=0,614833, r0614833 614833 (r=0,614833 p<0,2) r=0,721712, r0721712 721712 (r=0,721712 0,2 r=0,609545, r0609545 609545 (r=0,609545 p<0,2. . cálcio manganês 2018202 201 202 2018-202 119 1.1 14, 155 55 1.5 17, 2030 03 2.030 19, 1, 161 61 1.6 16,3 p0 p<0, (p<0,2 (p<0, r=0,876751 r087675 87675 (r=0,87675 p00 p<0,0 r=0,882433 r088243 88243 (r=0,88243 r=0,614833 r061483 61483 (r=0,61483 r=0,721712 r072171 72171 (r=0,72171 r=0,609545 r060954 60954 (r=0,60954 201820 20 2018-20 1. 15 203 2.03 6 16, p<0 (p<0 r=0,87675 r08767 8767 (r=0,8767 r=0,88243 r08824 8824 (r=0,8824 r=0,61483 r06148 6148 (r=0,6148 r=0,72171 r07217 7217 (r=0,7217 r=0,60954 r06095 6095 (r=0,6095 20182 2018-2 2.0 (p< r=0,8767 r0876 876 (r=0,876 r=0,8824 r0882 882 (r=0,882 r=0,6148 r0614 614 (r=0,614 r=0,7217 r0721 721 (r=0,721 r=0,6095 r0609 609 (r=0,609 2018- 2. (p r=0,876 r087 87 (r=0,87 r=0,882 r088 88 (r=0,88 r=0,614 r061 (r=0,61 r=0,721 r072 72 (r=0,72 r=0,609 r060 60 (r=0,60 r=0,87 r08 8 (r=0,8 r=0,88 r=0,61 r06 (r=0,6 r=0,72 r07 7 (r=0,7 r=0,60 r=0,8 r0 (r=0, r=0,6 r=0,7 r=0, (r=0 r=0 (r= r= (r

Abstract Phlomidoschema parviflorum (Benth.) Vved. (Basionym: Stachys parviflora Benth.) Lamiaceae, have significance medicinal importance as it is used in number of health disorders including diarrhea, fever, sore mouth and throat, internal bleeding, weaknesses of the liver and heart genital tumors, sclerosis of the spleen, inflammatory tumors and cancerous ulcers. The present contribution deals with the sedative and muscle relaxant like effects of diterpenoids trivially named stachysrosane and stachysrosane, isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of P. parviflorum. Both compounds (at 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg, i.p) were assessed for their in vivo sedative and muscle relaxant activity in open field and inclined plane test, respectively. The geometries of both compounds were optimized with density functional theory. The molecular docking of both compounds were performed with receptor gamma aminobutyric acid. Both compounds showed marked activity in a dose dependent manner. The docking studies showed that both compounds interact strongly with important residues in receptor gamma aminobutyric acid. The reported data demonstrate that both compounds exhibited significant sedative and muscle relaxant-like effects in animal models, which opens a door for novel therapeutic applications.

Polymer-surfactant mixed systems have attracted much attention due to their importance from the academic as well as applied point of view. Therefore, to evaluate the thermodynamic properties of polymer-surfactant self-assembled system, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CTAB and CTAB/PEO mixture was determined at different CTAB/PEO ratios and various molecular masses of PEO by employing surface tensiometric, conductometric, and light scattering techniques. The CMC of CTAB was increased as the concentration and molecular mass of the polymer increased. Using surface tensiometry, the thermodynamics of adsorption, surface excess concentration and the minimum area occupied by surfactant molecules for different surfactant-polymer mixtures were also evaluated. CMC, area per molecule, free energy of micellization and degree of counter ion binding were also determined. It was found that most of these parameters increased as the concentration of polymer increased, whereas the surface excess concentration was found to decrease by increasing the polymer ration in the mixed system. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of the micelle particles calculated from dynamic light scattering technique showed a similar trend. Most of the results from different techniques support each others.