Abstract Background: Some evidence suggests an association between gut dysbiosis and cirrhosis progression. The authors investigated Gut Microbiome (GM) influence on 90-day mortality and hospitalization/rehospitalization rates in cirrhotic patients. Methods: Compensated/decompensated outpatients and decompensated inpatients were prospectively included and compared to healthy controls. Clinical, laboratory, GM, and two ratios between phyla were evaluated. Patients were followed up for 90 days for hospitalization/rehospitalization and mortality. Results: 165 individuals were included (50 compensated, 49 decompensated outpatients; 36 decompensated inpatients; 30 healthy), 48.5 % female, mean age was 61, main cirrhosis etiology was hepatitis C (27.3 %), and mostly Child-Pugh (CP) B patients, median MELD of 13. As liver disease progressed, microbiota diversity decreased between the groups (p = 0.05; p < 0.004). There were 9 deaths and 22 hospitalizations or rehospitalizations. GM composition had correlation with norfloxacin (p = 0.36, p = 0.04), encephalopathy (p = 0.31, p = 0.01), lactulose (p = 0.26, p = 0.01), 90-day mortality (p = 0.22, p = 0.04), CP (p = 0.17, p = 0.01), previous 6-month antibiotic use (p = 0.16, p = 0.01), MELD (p = 0.145, p = 0.01), ALBI (p = 0.1, p = 0.04) and 90-day hospitalization/rehospitalization (p = 0.08, p = 0.03). Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) and Firmicutes/Proteobacteria (F/P) ratios were progressively lower and more significant and had an association with 90-day mortality (p < 0.001). Three MELD set-points (≥ 15, 18 and 20) were significantly associated with both ratios, with similar accuracies. Conclusions: GM dysbiosis was associated with higher CP, MELD, 90-day mortality and hospitalization/rehospitalization. F/B and F/P ratios were associated with 90-day mortality. Background progression (GM 90day day hospitalizationrehospitalization hospitalization rehospitalization patients Methods Compensateddecompensated Compensated controls Clinical laboratory evaluated Results 16 50 (5 compensated 4 3 healthy, , healthy) 485 48 5 48. female 61 27.3 273 27 (27. %, %) ChildPugh Child Pugh (CP 13 progressed 0.05 005 0 05 0.004. 0004 0.004 . 004 0.004) 2 rehospitalizations 036 0.36 0.04, 0.04 04 031 31 0.31 0.01, 001 0.01 01 0.01) 026 26 0.26 022 0.22 017 17 0.17 6month month 6 016 0.16 0145 145 0.145 1 0.1 008 08 0.08 0.03. 003 0.03 03 0.03) FirmicutesBacteroidetes Firmicutes Bacteroidetes FB F (F/B FirmicutesProteobacteria Proteobacteria FP P (F/P 0.001. 0001 0.001 0.001) setpoints set points ≥ ( 15 20 accuracies Conclusions 27. (27 0.0 00 000 0.00 0.3 02 0.2 014 14 0.14 0. (2

O ozônio tem um papel muito importante na natureza devido as suas características como um filtro natural da radiação solar ultravioleta. Portanto, é pertinente para a comunidade científica compreender todos os fatores de influência natural envolvendo ozônio ao longo das séries temporais de grande porte. Neste trabalho, uma reconstrução da série temporal do ozônio obtido pelo espectrofotômetro Brewer 1994-2008 no Observatório Espacial do Sul (29 º S, 53 º W) - Sul do Brasil é apresentado. Os dados do TOMS-OMI foram usados para completar os dias sem dados, onde um coeficiente de correlação entre TOMS-OMI e Brewer é aceitável, em torno de r=0,89. Além disso, foi aplicada a análise de ondeletas para determinar a evolução temporal das frequências e das amplitudes. Os resultados apontam um período de 365 dias (ou 1 ano) para a variação sazonal do ozônio, um período de 600 dias para uma possível influência QBO e dois períodos, um de 2000 e outro de 4.000 dias referentes ao segundo harmônico do ciclo solar de 11 anos e 11 Ciclo de ano solar.

Ozone plays a very important role in the nature due its characteristics as a natural filter of ultraviolet solar radiation. Thus, it is pertinent for the scientific community to understand all natural influence factors involving ozone along with a large time series. In this work, a reconstruction of ozone time series obtained by Brewer spectrophotometer from 1994 to 2008 at the Southern Space Observatory (SSO) - 29ºS, 53ºW - Southern Brazil is presented. TOMS-OMI data were used to follow the days without data, where a coefficient of correlation between TOMS-OMI and Brewer is acceptable around r = 0.89. Besides, wavelet analysis to determine the temporal evolution of the frequencies and the amplitudes was applied. Moreover, wavelet analysis aiming to determine the temporal evolution of the frequencies and the amplitudes was performed. The results pointed a period of 365 days (1 yr) for the seasonal variation of ozone, of 600 days attributed for a possible QBO influence and two periods of 2000 and other 4000 days regarding possibly to the second harmonic of the 11-year solar cycle.

It has been widely suggested that life based on carbon and water is the only plausible biochemistry, and specifically that terrestrial biochemistry of nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars is likely to be universal. However, according to our current knowledge of physics and chemistry, this may be just a geocentric concept. In recent decades, laboratory experiments and theoretical studies have indicated that life could be based on molecular structures substantially different from those we know. In this work, these studies are discussed in order to improve our knowledge on the fundamental nature of life.

Since 2000, spore dosimetry and spectral photometry have been performed in parallel at the Southern Space Observatory, São Martinho da Serra (Southern Brazil). A comparative study involving data from Punta Arenas - Chile (53.2º S), São Martinho da Serra (29.5º S), Padang - Indonesia (0.9ºS), Brussels - Belgium (50.9º N) and Kiyotake - Japan (31.9º N) from 2000 to 2006 is presented. The Spore Inactivation Doses presented the higher values in summer (973 ± 73 for Punta Arenas and 4,369 ± 202 for São Martinho da Serra, as well 1,402 ± 170 and 3,400 ± 1,674 for Brussels and Kiyotake, respectively). The simplicity, robustness and high resistance of bacterial spores makes the biosensor an potential biological tool for UV-B monitoring.