ABSTRACT Lagochilascariasis is a neglected neotropical helminthiasis, responsible for human infections through the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat from wild animals infected by larvae encysted in their tissues. It is characterized by a chronic evolution with periods of remission and recurrences, affecting mainly the head and neck regions. It can progress to death by invasion of the central nervous system. It is caused by the Lagochilascaris minor nematode, first described in 1909 and mainly found in the Brazilian Amazon ecosystem, notably in Para State. In May 2010, a 15-year-old female, born in the city of Aveiro, Para State, was hospitalized in the city of Santarem, Para State, presenting with cervical and spinal abscesses and osteolytic lesions at T3-T5 level. During hospitalization, white larvae identified as L. minor were observed in a cervical subcutaneous fistula. After the surgical drainage of abscesses, albendazole 400 mg/day was started, with improvement of symptoms. The patient abandoned the follow-up and in January 2016, during the 20th week of pregnancy, she was readmitted to the Santarem Municipal Hospital with new cervical abscesses in the infra-mammary region, with numerous larvae exiting by subcutaneous left breast fistulas. The antiparasitic treatment was restarted due to possible reactivation of the infection in the spine and dissemination to the central nervous system. Ten weeks after hospital discharge, the patient had resolution of the fistulas and decreased abscesses, without gestational complications. This is the first case report of lagochilascariasis during pregnancy, as well as of involvement of mammary glands.

Resumen El objetivo fue identificar el nivel de consumo de alcohol y los parámetros biométricos en pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular en la población rural colombiana de Tausa (Cundinamarca). Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, con un diseño descriptivo y transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 29 pacientes que cursaban con enfermedad cardiovascular y que acudieron entre octubre de 2017 y mayo de 2018 a la consulta del programa de crónicos de una Empresa Social del Estado de primer nivel en el municipio de Tausa. A estos pacientes se les realizó una valoración inicial y posterior, de parámetros biométricos y aplicación del instrumento AUDIT-C. Los resultados muestran que la edad media (DE) de la muestra fue de 70 años. Según los puntajes obtenidos con la aplicación del AUDIT-C, el 75,9% de los participantes se encontraba sin riesgo de consumo de alcohol o alguna de sus complicaciones derivadas. Este estudio constituye un aporte a la caracterización del consumo de alcohol y la valoración de parámetros biométricos en población rural con enfermedad cardiovascular.

Abstract The objective was to identify the level of alcohol consumption and biometric parameters in patients with cardiovascular disease in the rural Colombian population of Tausa (Cundinamarca). Quantitative research was carried out, with a descriptive and cross-cutting design. The population consisted of 29 patients who were in cardiovascular disease and who attended between October 2017 and May 2018 the consultation of the chronic program of a State Social of first level in the municipality of Tausa. These patients were given an initial and subsequent assessment of biometric parameters and application of the AUDIT-C instrument. The results show, the average age (ED) of the sample was 70 years. According to the scores obtained with the application of the AUDIT-C, the 75,9% of the participants were without risk of alcohol consumption or any of its relapse complications. This study constitutes a contribution to the characterization of alcohol consumption and the assessment of biometric parameters in rural population with cardiovascular disease.

Resumo O objetivo foi identificar o nível de consumo de álcool e os parâmetros biométricos em pacientes com doença cardiovascular na população rural colombiana de Tausa (Cundinamarca). Foi realizada uma investigação quantitativa, com delineamento descritivo e transversal. A população foi composta por 29 pacientes atendidos em doenças cardiovasculares e que compareceram entre outubro de 2017 e maio de 2018 à consulta do programa crônico de uma Empresa Social Estadual primeiro nível no município de Tausa. Esses pacientes foram submetidos a uma avaliação inicial e subsequente dos parâmetros biométricos e à aplicação do instrumento AUDIT-C. Os resultados mostram que a média de idade (DP) da amostra foi de 70 anos. De acordo com os escores obtidos com a aplicação do AUDIT-C, 75,9% dos participantes estavam sem risco de consumo de álcool ou de quaisquer complicações. Este estudo constitui uma contribuição para a caracterização do consumo de álcool e a avaliação de parâmetros biométricos na população rural com doença cardiovascular.

Resumen Chloris gayana es una gramínea subtropical, frecuentemente cultivada en áreas donde la salinidad del suelo es una limitación importante para la producción forrajera. En Córdoba, Argentina, fueron evaluadas por sus características agronómicas y moleculares (ISSR y SRAP) cinco cultivares (dos poblaciones no-selectas y tres variedades sintéticas) de esta especie. El consenso entre ambos tipos de datos fue alto (>99%) sugiriendo que las caracterizaciones proporcionaron estimaciones similares de las relaciones genéticas. Los resultados mostraron que las variedades sintéticas, Finecut, Topcut y Santana, fueron las más genéticamente diferentes mientras que las poblaciones no-selectas, Pioneer y Katambora, estuvieron estrechamente relacionadas. En las tres variedades sintéticas se evaluó también la respuesta a salinidad en germinación y plántula. Los resultados mostraron que Finecut y Santana germinaron en la misma proporción que los controles, incluso a concentraciones de 200 mM NaCl. En condiciones de hidroponía, Santana alcanzó 20% más de peso seco total y raíces más largas que las otras dos variedades. Finecut presentó el mayor peso seco de raíz. Estos resultados sugieren que Santana y Finecut mostraron alta tolerancia a salinidad en germinación y plántula, etapas cruciales cuando se piensa en el establecimiento exitoso de una pastura, particularmente en ambientes salinos.

Abstract Chloris gayana is a warm-season grass, often cultivated in areas where soil salinity is a major constraint for forage production. Five cultivars (2 unselected populations and 3 synthetic varieties) were evaluated through agronomic traits as well as Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) and Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) molecular markers. The consensus between both agronomic and molecular data sets was high (>99%) suggesting that both systems provided similar estimates of genetic relationships. The analysis revealed that synthetic varieties, Finecut, Topcut and Santana, were the most genetically different cultivars, whereas the unselected populations, Pioneer and Katambora, were closely related. Responses to salinity stress during germination and early vegetative growth stages were evaluated in only the synthetic varieties. The results showed that Finecut and Santana were able to germinate in the same proportion as controls even at concentrations of 200 mM NaCl. Under hydroponic conditions, Santana attained approximately 20% higher total dry weight than the other 2 varieties and the longest roots. Finecut presented the highest root dry weight. These results suggested that Santana and Finecut showed high salinity tolerance at germination and early vegetative growth stages, both crucial phases when seeking a successful pasture establishment, particularly in saline environments. Further studies in the field are needed to determine if these hydroponic results are reproduced under field conditions.

Genetic variability can be generated through in vitro culture via somaclonal variation. This tool can be potentially useful in a breeding program involving apomictic buffelgrass genotypes. The aim of this work was to evaluate inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) as molecular markers to detect genetic variation in in vitro buffelgrass regenerated plants. Six plants regenerated from in vitro anther culture, via somatic embryogenesis were used, as well as the anther donor genotype (RN 51) as control. Of a total of 26 ISSR primers tested, 22 amplified, detecting 12% polymorphism with a divergence between 5 and 24% from RN 51. Amplification products were observed with the primers containing di-, tri- or tetra-nucleotide sequences, with or without additional nucleotides at the 3′ end. The most informative primers were those containing the repetitive sequences GACAn, AGn or GAn. Moreover, the regenerants transplanted at field conditions differed in morphological characteristics among them and with respect to RN 51. This study confirms that ISSR are useful to identify genetic variability in in vitro regenerated buffelgrass plants.

El cultivo in vitro permite generar variabilidad genética mediante variación somaclonal. Este fenómeno puede ser potencialmente útil en un programa de mejora en genotipos apomícticos de buffelgrass. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar inter secuencias simples repetidas (ISSR) como marcadores moleculares en la detección de variación genética en plantas regeneradas in vitro de buffelgrass. Se utilizaron seis plantas regeneradas mediante el cultivo in vitro de anteras, vía embriogénesis somática, y el genotipo dador de anteras (NR 51) como control. De un total de 26 cebadores ISSR probados, 22 de ellos amplificaron, detectando un 12% de polimorfismo con una divergencia del 5 al 24% con respecto al material NR 51. Se observaron productos de amplificación con los cebadores que contienen secuencias di-, tri- o tetra-nucleótidos, con o sin nucleótidos adicionales en el extremo 3′. Los cebadores más informativos fueron aquellos que contenían secuencias repetitivas GACAn, AGn o GAn. Conjuntamente, las plantas trasplantadas a campo manifestaron características morfológicas diferentes entre ellas y con respecto al NR 51. El presente estudio confirma que el empleo de ISSR permite identificar variabilidad genética en plantas regeneradas in vitro de buffelgrass.

Background:Scorpion envenomations are a major public health problem in Brazil, whose most dangerous cases are attributable to the genus Tityus.This study was designed to compare the clinical and demographic features of envenomations by 77tyus obscurus in two areas of the state of Pará located in the Amazon basin. Were compared demographic findings, local and systemic signs and symptoms of human envenomations caused byT. obscurus that occurred in western and eastern areas of the state.Results:Forty-eight patients with confirmed envenomation by T. obscurus were evaluated from January 2008 to July 2011. Most of them came from the eastern region, where male and female patients were present in similar numbers, while males predominated in the west. Median age groups were also similar in both areas. Most scorpion stings took place during the day and occurred significantly more frequently on the upper limbs. The time between the sting and admission to the health center was less than three hours in both areas. Most eastern patients had local manifestations while in the west, systemic manifestations predominated. Local symptoms were similar in both areas, but systemic signs and symptoms were more common in the west. Symptoms frequently observed at the sting site were local and radiating pain, paresthesia, edema, erythema, sweating, piloerection and burning. The systemic manifestations were significantly higher in patients from the west. Futhermore, neurological symptoms such as general paresthesia, ataxia, dysarthria, myoclonus, dysmetria, and electric shock-like sensations throughout the body were reported only by patients from the west.Conclusion:The present study shows that two regions of Para state differ in the clinical manifestations and severity of confirmed envenomation by T. obscurus which suggests a toxicity variation resulting from the diversity of T. obscurus venom in different areas of the Brazilian Amazon basin, and that T. serrulatus antivenom can be successfully used against T. obscurus.

Relatamos o primeiro caso de acidente por Bothriopsis taeniata no Brasil. A vítima, trabalhador rural com 43 anos de idade, foi picada pouco acima do calcanhar direito, apresentando quadro clínico compatível por envenenamento botrópico leve: discreto edema com hemorragia no local da picada e dor, embora com ausência de coagulopatia.

The first reported case of an accident with Bothriopsis taeniata in Brazil is described. The victim, a 43-year-old man, was bitten just above his right heel and presented a clinical condition compatible with mild Bothrops poisoning: local edema with hemorrhage at the bite site and pain, although without coagulopathy.