ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the genetic variability of 63 garlic accessions grown in two environments in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. A randomized block design with replications was used. Agromorphological evaluations were conducted based on descriptors defined by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), currently Bioversity International, encompassing 18 characteristics. The obtained data consisted of the mode of each variable and genetic distances from the complement arithmetic of the Jaccard coefficient. Cluster analysis was carried out using Tocher optimization and UPGMA methods; Mantel test was used to assess the correlation of genetic distances between locations. Garlic accessions exhibited genetic diversity for the studied qualitative variables. Correlations between distances of the evaluated accessions were found in both locations, although of low magnitude. Garlic characteristics vary according to growth environment, indicating divergence among accessions. This may be attributed to the plasticity of the species and genotype-environment interaction factors. Phenotypic variability of garlic germplasm observed in a particular environment cannot be extrapolated to other locations. 6 Paulo Brazil IPGRI, IPGRI , (IPGRI) 1 coefficient methods locations variables magnitude genotypeenvironment genotype factors (IPGRI

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética de 63 acessos de alho semi-nobre avaliados em dois ambientes no estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, com repetições. As avaliações agromorfológicas foram realizadas com base nos descritores do Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), atualmente Bioversity International, e totalizaram 18 características. Os dados foram obtidos pela moda de cada variável, sendo que a medida de divergência utilizada foi o complemento aritmético de Jaccard. As análises de agrupamento aplicadas foram o método de otimização de Tocher e UPGMA; bem como o teste de Mantel para avaliar a correlação das distâncias genéticas entre os locais. Os acessos apresentaram diversidade genética para as variáveis qualitativas estudadas. A correlação entre as distâncias dos acessos avaliados nos dois locais existiu, porém, sua magnitude foi baixa. As características do alho modificam-se de acordo com o ambiente, portanto, a divergência entre os acessos. Isso pode ser atribuído a plasticidade da espécie e aos fatores de interação genótipo-ambiente. A variabilidade fenotípica de germoplasma de alho observada em um determinando ambiente não pode ser extrapolado para outros locais. 6 seminobre semi nobre Paulo Utilizouse Utilizou se casualizados repetições IPGRI, IPGRI , (IPGRI) International 1 variável Jaccard UPGMA estudadas existiu porém baixa modificamse modificam portanto genótipoambiente. genótipoambiente genótipo ambiente. genótipo-ambiente (IPGRI

Three soybean experiments, one for each maturation group (early, semi-early, and medium), were installed in the field in Assis, State of São Paulo, during the 2003/2004 growing season to evaluate damage caused by Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hubn.) and by the soybean stink bug complex, Euschistus heros (F.), Piezodorus guildinii (West.), and Nezara viridula (L.). The experiments were installed again in 2004/2005, with the exception of the early cycle group. Defoliation caused by A. gemmatalis was evaluated by the percentage estimate of leaf area cut in the first year only, due to low caterpillar infestations in 2004/2005. All three stink bug species were present in both growing seasons. In 2003/2004, E. heros was predominant over the other two; in the following year, all three species occurred in similar numbers. The productivity criterion was adopted to evaluate stink bug damage. Based on both growing seasons and mainly considering productivity, a few lines could be selected within each maturation group for new field studies or for hybridizations in breeding programs. Among the early germplasm varieties, lines IAC 98-4540, IAC 98-4576, and IAC 98-3123 can be highlighted as promising; the latter also showed little defoliation by A. gemmatalis; in the semi-early group, IAC 98-4017, IAC 98-2663, and IAC 98-4250 were prominent, with steady productivity in both years; in the medium group, IAC 98-4136, the most productive, as well as IAC 98-4140 and IAC 98-4133, all with little defoliation, can be pointed out as promising.

Foi avaliada a reação de 23 genótipos de feijoeiro comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) à mancha angular causada por Phaeoisariopsis griseola, utilizando os isolados monospóricos Ig 664 e Ig 669, caracterizados como os patótipos 63.23 e 63.19, respectivamente. Quatorze dias após a semeadura (estádio V3), as plantas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão contendo 2,5 x 10(4) conídios/mL, nas faces adaxial e abaxial da primeira folha trifoliolada. A avaliação dos sintomas foi efetuada aos 14 e 18 dias após a inoculação, utilizando-se uma escala variando de 1 (sem sintomas) a 9 ( > 25% da área foliar com lesões de mancha angular). Das cultivares analisadas, BRS Valente, CNFC 10281, CNFP 10138, BRS Grafite, BRS Requinte, BRS Pontal, MAR 02, Cornell 49-242 e AND 277 foram resistentes aos dois isolados. As cultivares Carioca Rubi, CNFC 9504, CNFC 10150 e Soberano foram suscetíveis aos dois patótipos testados. O patótipo 63.23 foi o mais virulento. As novas fontes de resistência à mancha angular identificadas neste trabalho podem ser utilizadas em programas de melhoramento do feijoeiro comum, que visem incorporar resistência em novas cultivares.

Twenty-three common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes were tested for reaction to angular leaf spot disease caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola in the greenhouse. All genotypes were tested with monosporic isolates Ig 664 and Ig 669, characterized as pathotypes 63.23 and 63.19, respectively. Fourteen-day-old plants (vegetative stage V3) were inoculated with a suspension containing 2.5 × 10(4) conidia/mL. This suspension was applied to the upper and lower leaf surfaces. Disease symptoms were evaluated 14 and 18 days after inoculation by using a rating scale varying from 1 (no symptoms) to 9 (> 25% of leaf area with angular leaf spot lesions). Culivars BRS Valente, CNFC 10281, CNFP 10138, BRS Grafite, BRS Requinte, BRS Pontal, MAR 02, Cornell 49-242 and AND 277 showed resistance to both isolates. Cultivars Carioca Rubi, CNFC 9504, CNFC 10150 and Soberano were susceptible to both pathotypes. Pathotype 63.23 was the most virulent. The new resistance sources identified in this work could be used in common bean breeding programs aiming to incorporate resistance to angular leaf spot in new common bean cultivars.