Abstract The worldwide cultivation of palm trees has sparked the interest of researchers and the population in general due to their economic, ecosystemic, food, and landscape potential in their areas of occurrence. Among the species of this family in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, ×Butyagrus nabonnandii and its parents, Syagrus romanzoffiana and Butia odorata, stand out. Until recently, ×B. nabonnandii was considered sterile due to the lack of records on seed germination. However, our group recently demonstrated the germination of the hybrids’ seeds from three natural populations in RS, indicating that it is fertile. The present study assessed the vegetative and reproductive morphology and biometry of ×B. nabonnandii and its parents in four natural populations in RS. The hybrid had characteristics common to both parents, in addition to unique ones. The comparative morphological characterization of individuals in natural environments and their parents is necessary to understand patterns of phenotypic variability and distribution of genetic diversity between and within populations and support programs aiming to recover, maintain, and sustainably use these resources. economic ecosystemic food occurrence RS , (RS) Brazil Butyagrus odorata out B ×B However hybrids fertile ones recover maintain resources (RS

Resumo O cultivo mundial de palmeiras tem despertado o interesse de pesquisadores e da população no geral, devido ao seu potencial econômico, ecossistêmico, alimentar e paisagístico que desempenham nas áreas de ocorrência. Dentre os taxa dessa família, no Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil, destacam-se ×Butyagrus nabonnandii e seus progenitores, Syagrus romanzoffiana e Butia odorata. Tradicionalmente, ×B. nabonnandii era considerado estéril pela falta de registros de germinação de suas sementes. Entretanto, nosso grupo demonstrou recentemente a germinação de sementes do híbrido originadas de três populações naturais do RS. O presente trabalho avaliou e aferiu a morfologia vegetativa e reprodutiva de ×B. nabonnandii, comparando-as com seus progenitores em quatro populações naturais do RS. O híbrido apresentou características comuns a ambos os genitores, além de características exclusivas. A caracterização morfológica comparativa de indivíduos estabelecidos em ambientes naturais e seus progenitores é necessária para compreender padrões de variabilidade fenotípica e distribuição da diversidade genética inter e intrapopulacional, com o intuito de subsidiar medidas de recuperação, manutenção e uso sustentável desses recursos. geral econômico ecossistêmico ocorrência família RS, RS , (RS) Brasil destacamse destacam se Butyagrus odorata Tradicionalmente B ×B Entretanto comparandoas comparando as genitores exclusivas intrapopulacional recuperação recursos (RS

Abstract High resolution topography (HRT) surveys is an important tool to model landscapes, especially in zones subjected to strong environmental changes, such as Antarctica, where landform is highly influenced by cryoclasty and permafrost melting. The aim of this work was to obtain a high accurate DTM for Keller Peninsula, Maritime Antarctica. The survey study was assessed in the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 during the austral summer, by using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). In order to cover 8 km² of the Peninsula, the TLS equipment was installed in 81 different points. Results of the DTM generated by TLS (hereafter, HRT-DTM), and the terrain variables Aspect, Slope and Hillshade obtained were compared with previous models generated by aerophotographic survey (hereafter, APG-DTM). RMSE for the HRT and APG-DTM were 0.726 and 2.397 m, respectively. Spatial resolution of the DTMs was 0.20 m. Morphometric variables obtained from the two methods presented visual differences on the thematic maps, especially related to the Aspect. Generalization was the main process, whereas interpolation occurred for the HRT survey, being the process of choice for the APG method. A large number of points are obtained by the TLS, providing a dense cloud of points, spatially well-distributed, enabling the generalization process to obtain surface models with high performance.

ABSTRACTStudies on phenotypic variation among populations growing in different microenvironments may provide information about plasticity related to environmental pressures, and thus help to elucidate the potential evolutionary forces contributing to the origin and maintenance of diversity in any region. In this study we investigate morphometric variation on a small geographic scale for three species of Antarctic mosses. All species revealed significant differentiation among populations for all evaluated traits. The comparison of morphometric measures of populations of Polytrichum juniperinumfrom Nelson Island and from southern Brazil suggests that the effects of a small geographic scale in Antarctica are the same as a large geographic scale in environments where the climate is more homogeneous and microhabitats have minor influence on vegetation. However, further investigations over a larger area, evaluating more species, and using controlled garden experiments are recommended in order to evaluate the capacity for plasticity of moss species in different climatic conditions and on different geographic scales.