ABSTRACT: The Serra Geral Formation belongs to the Paraná-Etendeka Magmatic Province (PEMP) and its geochemical and petrographic characteristics are not homogeneous. Many studies segment this group into six basaltic and two rhyolitic magma-types. It is believed that its extrusion occurred through crustal fissures in the Cretaceous, but some authors described the presence of conduits in the shape of basaltic ring structures (BRS) in the Água Vermelha region in the North of the province. The BRS rocks, based on textures and structures, were divided into four groups-central flow, basal flow, main ring dyke and lava flow-with a very similar petrography, composed of plagioclase (labradorite-bytownite), clinopyroxene (augite) and oxide (titanomagnetite) with intergranular texture. The whole-rock analyses of the basal and lava flows allow classifying them as tholeiitic basalts of the Paranapanema magma-type. Geochemical data interpretation suggests an enriched magma source, with low degree of partial melting, high depth of melt generation and without significant crustal contamination. The BRS experienced fractional crystallization on shallow magma chamber, influenced by successive new injections from different parental magmas which would be responsible for the pulses of effusion and explosion. Thus, the singularities of the BRS of Água Vermelha are important to comprehend the evolution of the PEMP.

RESUMO: Dados quimioestratigráficos de alta resolução em carbonatos da Formação Sete Lagoas (Grupo Bambuí) apresentam grandes variações nas composições isotópicas de C, O e Sr. Os calcários impuros na base da unidade mostram valores primários de δ 13C entre -1,0 e 0‰ e de δ 18O, entre -12,0 e -8,0‰. No entanto, alguns níveis de dolomitos indicam valores de δ 13C variando de +2,8 a -6,8‰ e razões 87Sr/86Sr altamente radiogênicas (>0,7111), além de baixas concentrações de Sr (<350 ppm) relacionadas a processos pós-deposicionais. Em contraste, os calcários puros no topo da unidade demonstram valores de δ 13C muito positivos entre +8,3 e +12,8‰, de δ 18O entre -10,0 e -6,0‰ e razões 87Sr/86Sr de 0,7073 a 0,7086, com altas concentrações de Sr (>900 ppm). Esses estão ligados a controles deposicionais na plataforma carbonática, tais como fluxos de água fluvial e/ou submarina, em que os carbonatos depositados no setor proximal exibem variações isotópicas de Sr significativas e os depositados no setor distal não estão sujeitos a tais controles, resultando em perfis isotópicos de Sr homogêneos. No entanto, as razões 87Sr/86Sr dos carbonatos distais são menos radiogênicas do que aquelas esperadas para o Ediacarano tardio (~0,7085). Essa discrepância sugere um ambiente deposicional em uma bacia marinha restrita, sem homogeneização isotópica de Sr com oceanos contemporâneos e, neste caso, as correlações globais baseadas na estratigrafia isotópica de Sr não são confiáveis.

ABSTRACT: High-resolution chemostratigraphic data of carbonates from the Sete Lagoas Formation (Bambuí Group) show large variations on the C, O, and Sr isotope compositions. Impure limestones at the base show primal δ13C values between -1.0 and 0‰, and δ18O values between -12.0 and -8.0‰. However, some dolostones demonstrate δ13C values varying from +2.8 to -6.8‰, highly radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios (>0.7111), and low Sr concentrations (<350 ppm) related to post-depositional processes. In contrast, pure limestones at the top show very positive δ13C values between +8.3 and +12.8‰, δ18O values between -10.0 to -6.0‰, and 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7073 to 0.7086, with high Sr concentrations (>900 ppm). They are linked to depositional controls on the carbonate platform, such as fluvial and/or submarine water influx, in which carbonates deposited on the proximal sector exhibit significant Sr isotopic variations and those on the distal sector were not subject to such controls, resulting in very homogeneous Sr isotope profiles. However, 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the distal carbonates are less radiogenic than carbonates expected for late Ediacaran (~0.7085). This discrepancy suggests a restricted marine basin without Sr isotopic homogenization with contemporary oceans and, in this case, global correlations based on Sr isotope stratigraphy are not reliable.