Abstract Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon that constitutes a serious public health problem, observed in all cultures, genders, and social strata. In this sense, Primary Healthcare assumes a fundamental role in the approach, treatment, and prevention of cases of ideation or attempts, intending to welcome, bond and take responsibility for the care of people in the territory. It aimed to analyze the attention to people with ideation and suicide attempts in Primary Care in a city of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collection consisted of non-participant direct observation in the social equipment of the Psychosocial Care Network and the application of semi-structured interviews with doctors and nurses working in Primary Care in the municipality. The collected information was transcribed and submitted to the thematic analysis process. The results show that the demand for mental health is crossed by issues related to the high demand, lack, and unpreparedness of professionals, as well as the disarticulation of the network. Therefore, the need for the qualification of professionals and dialogue between the services that make up the network for the elaboration of effective suicide prevention strategies in Primary Healthcare was evidenced. problem cultures genders strata sense approach treatment welcome territory Norte descriptive nonparticipant non participant semistructured semi structured municipality process lack Therefore evidenced

Resumo O suicídio é um fenômeno mundial que constitui um grave problema de saúde pública, observado em todas as culturas, gêneros e camadas sociais. Nesse sentido, a Atenção Primária à Saúde assume papel fundamental na abordagem, tratamento e prevenção dos casos de ideação ou tentativas, tendo em vista o acolhimento, vínculo e responsabilização pelo cuidado das pessoas no território. Objetivou-se analisar estratégias de prevenção ao suicídio que são realizadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, exploratório e com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de informações foi composta por observação direta não participante nos equipamentos sociais da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial e por aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com médicos e enfermeiros atuantes na atenção primária do município. As informações coletadas foram transcritas e submetidas ao processo de análise temática. Os resultados expõem que a demanda de saúde mental é atravessada por questões relativas à alta demanda, carência e despreparo dos profissionais, bem como pela desarticulação da rede. Portanto, evidenciou-se a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais e de diálogo entre os serviços que compõem a rede para a elaboração de estratégias efetivas de prevenção ao suicídio na Atenção Primária à Saúde. pública culturas sentido tentativas acolhimento território Objetivouse Objetivou se Norte Tratase Trata descritivo qualitativa temática Portanto evidenciouse evidenciou

ABSTRACT: This article aims to bring visibility to the use of humor as a mechanism of structural racism and the marks left on the body-territory of black adolescent girls who are students in a public school in the city of Governador Valadares, MG. The study draws on authors who discuss race and black feminist authors, conceptually operating with recreational racism, intersectionality, and body-territory. Empirical material was produced in thematic workshops, and the narratives brought by the 12 students participating in the research were analyzed through episodic analysis. The narrated episodes denounce the marks on the body-territory of these adolescents, as well as the naturalization of race and gender oppression, instrumentalized by recreational racism that appears in daily school life. This presence creates and reaffirms stereotypes about the category "black woman", provokes desires to stay away from school to avoid being the target of "jokes" and/or "pranks", and questioning their own humanity, reflecting if their appearances resemble the animals used to "insult" them. The adolescents denounce the silencing of the school in the face of this type of "humor", putting pressure on its naturalization and challenging us, as educators, to take a stance against these silences that engender exclusions and the naturalization of racism, among other mechanisms, disguised as humor but need to be named as recreational racism. ABSTRACT bodyterritory body territory Valadares MG intersectionality bodyterritory. territory. workshops 1 analysis oppression life woman, woman , woman" jokes "jokes andor or pranks, pranks "pranks" humanity insult "insult them humor, "humor" us educators mechanisms "pranks "humor

RESUMO: O objetivo deste artigo é trazer à visibilidade a utilização do humor como mecanismo do racismo estrutural e as marcas deixadas nos corpos-território de adolescentes negras, estudantes da educação básica de uma escola pública da cidade de Governador Valadares - MG. O estudo apoiou-se em autores que discutem raça e autoras do feminismo negro, operando conceitualmente com racismo recreativo, interseccionalidade e corpo-território. O material empírico foi produzido em oficinas temáticas e as narrativas trazidas pelas 12 estudantes, participantes da pesquisa, foram analisadas por meio da análise episódica. Os episódios narrados denunciam as marcas nos corpos-território dessas adolescentes, assim como a naturalização de opressões de raça e gênero, instrumentalizadas pelo racismo recreativo que comparece no cotidiano escolar. Esse comparecimento cria e reafirma estereótipos sobre a categoria “mulher negra”, provoca desejos de afastamento da escola para não serem alvo de “piadas” e/ou “brincadeiras”, e questionamentos sobre suas próprias humanidades, ao refletirem se suas aparências se assemelham aos animais utilizados para “xingá-las”. As adolescentes denunciam os silenciamentos da escola frente a esse tipo de “humor”, tensionando a sua naturalização e nos provocam, como educadores/as, a nos posicionarmos contra esses silenciamentos que engendram exclusões e a naturalização do racismo, entre outros mecanismos, os disfarçados de humor, mas que precisam ser nomeados como racismo recreativo. RESUMO corposterritório corpos território negras MG apoiouse apoiou negro corpoterritório. corpoterritório corpo território. corpo-território 1 pesquisa episódica gênero escolar mulher negra, negra , negra” piadas “piadas eou ou brincadeiras, brincadeiras “brincadeiras” humanidades xingálas. xingálas xingá las . “xingá-las” “humor” provocam educadoresas educadores educadores/as mecanismos “brincadeiras “xingá-las “humor

RESUMEN: El propósito de este artículo es dar visibilidad al uso del humor como mecanismo del racismo estructural y a las marcas dejadas en los cuerpos-territorios de adolescentes negras, estudiantes de educación básica de una escuela pública de la ciudad de Governador Valadares - MG. El estudio se apoya en autores que discuten raza y autoras del feminismo negro, operando conceptualmente con racismo recreativo, interseccionalidad y cuerpo-territorio. El material empírico fue producido en talleres temáticos y las narrativas traídas por las 12 estudiantes, participantes de la investigación, fueron analizadas a través del análisis episódico. Los episodios narrados denuncian las marcas en los cuerpos-territorio de esas adolescentes, así como la naturalización de la opresión racial y de género, instrumentalizada por el racismo recreativo que aparece en la rutina escolar. Ese comportamiento crea y reafirma estereotipos sobre la categoría “mujer negra”, provoca el deseo de alejarse de la escuela para no ser blanco de “chistes” y/o de “bromas”, y cuestionamientos sobre su propia humanidad, cuando reflexionan sobre si sus apariencias son similares a los animales utilizados para “insultarlas”. Las adolescentes denuncian los silenciamientos de la escuela frente a este tipo de “humor”, tensionando su naturalización y provocándonos, como educadores/as, a posicionarnos frente a esos silenciamientos que engendran exclusiones y la naturalización del racismo, entre otros mecanismos, los disfrazados de humor, pero que precisan ser nombrados como racismo recreativo. RESUMEN cuerposterritorios cuerpos territorios negras MG negro cuerpoterritorio. cuerpoterritorio cuerpo territorio. territorio cuerpo-territorio 1 investigación episódico cuerposterritorio género escolar mujer negra, negra , negra” chistes “chistes yo o bromas, bromas “bromas” humanidad insultarlas. insultarlas . “insultarlas” “humor” provocándonos educadoresas educadores as educadores/as mecanismos “bromas “insultarlas “humor

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of surrounding and background shades on the color adjustment potential (CAP) and visual color match of two single-shade composites, Vittra APS Unique and Charisma Diamond One. Cylinder-shaped specimens were constructed, consisting of either single-shade composites alone (simple) or composites surrounded by the Forma material at shades A1 or A3 (dual). Simple specimens using only the Forma at the specified shades were also prepared. Color measurements of simple specimens were taken against a gray background using a spectrophotometer. For dual specimens, the color of the inner composite was measured against a gray or chromatic (the same shade as the outer composite) background. Color differences (ΔE00) between the single-shade composites and the A1/A3 composite were calculated. CAP was determined by comparing data from simple and dual specimens. Four experienced dentists scored the color match (perfect to unacceptable) for each specimen using a viewing booth illuminated by an illuminant D65. Data were analyzed with repeated-measures ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results showed that both single-shade composites showed the lowest color discrepancies when they were compared to A1 and A3. Using a chromatic background only significantly affected the CAP when the outer composite was A3. The visual analysis showed poor color matches between the single-shade and control chromatic composites, except for Charisma Diamond One surrounded by A1. In conclusion, the CAP values of the evaluated single-shade composites were impacted by both surrounding shade and background color, and the color match of these materials tended to be poor. (CAP singleshade single Cylindershaped Cylinder shaped constructed (simple A dual. . (dual) prepared spectrophotometer ΔE00 ΔE (ΔE00 A1A3 AA A1/A calculated perfect unacceptable D65 D repeatedmeasures repeated measures KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis test conclusion (dual ΔE0 (ΔE0 A1A D6 (ΔE

Resumo Este estudo avaliou os efeitos da cor do entorno e do fundo no potencial de ajuste de cor (PAC) e na correspondência visual de cor de dois compósitos monocromáticos, Vittra APS Unique e Charisma Diamond One. Amostras em formato cilíndrico foram criadas utilizando os compósitos monocromáticos e de cor A1/A3. Algumas amostras dos compósitos monocromáticos foram circundadas pelos compósitos A1 ou A3, formando amostras duplas. Medidas de cor das amostras simples foram obtidas em um fundo cinza utilizando um espectrofotômetro. Para as amostras duplas, a cor do compósito interno foi medida em um fundo cinza ou cromático (com a mesma cor do compósito externo). As diferenças de cor (ΔE00) entre os compósitos de monocromáticos e os compósitos A1/A3 foram calculadas. O PAC foi determinado comparando os dados das amostras simples e duplas. Quatro dentistas experientes avaliaram a correspondência de cor (de perfeita a inaceitável) para cada espécime utilizando uma cabine de visualização iluminada por uma iluminante D65. Dados foram analisados por ANOVA de medidas repetidas e teste de Kruskal-Wallis test. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os compósitos monocromáticos apresentaram as menores discrepâncias de cor quando comparados a A1 que em relação a A3. O uso de um fundo cromático afetou significativamente o PAC apenas quando o compósito externo era A3. A análise visual mostrou correspondência de cor fraca entre os compósitos monocromáticos e os compósitos cromáticos de controle, com exceção do Charisma Diamond One circundado por A1. Em conclusão, os valores de PAC dos compósitos monocromáticos avaliados foram impactados tanto pela cor do entorno quanto pela cor de fundo, e a correspondência visual de cor desses materiais tendeu a ser ruim. (PAC A1A3 AA A3 duplas espectrofotômetro externo. . externo) ΔE00 ΔE (ΔE00 A1/A calculadas inaceitável D65 D KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis test controle conclusão ruim A1A ΔE0 (ΔE0 D6 (ΔE

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of soybean meal in pirarucu’s diet. 200 pirarucu juveniles (152.15 ± 0.8 g) were distributed in 20 polyethylene tanks with a continuous water flow system. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with five treatments (n = 4) containing 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of soybean meal inclusion levels. Growth performance was measured as specific growth rate, feed conversion, weight gain and survival. Body composition, protein retention rate and histopathological changes in the intestine were analyzed. The different treatments did not affect weight gain, specific growth rate and survival. The body composition of the fish was affected by treatments for ash and ether extract and the IHS was also affected. The diet with 40% soybean meal compromised feed conversion rate. Additionally, the distal intestine of fish fed with the same diet showed a reduction in the height of mucosal folds and a loss of supranuclear vacuolation in enterocytes. Based on these results, the inclusion of up to 30% of soybean meal in the diet of juvenile pirarucu is possible without negative effects on performance and enteric morphology. ABSTRACT pirarucus s 152.15 15215 152 15 (152.1 08 0 8 0. g 2 system used n 4 10 3 40 survival analyzed Additionally enterocytes results morphology 152.1 1521 1 (152. 152. (152 (15 (1 (

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the risk factors for healthcare-related infections during the COVID-19 pandemic in intensive care units, to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection, Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, and to describe healthcare-associated infections in the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This nested case-control study was conducted in a 137-bed adult medical/surgical intensive care unit at a private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, between January 11, 2019, and May 21, 2022. Case patients were identified using the Nosocomial Infection Control Committee database and control patients were identified using the intensive care unit's EPIMED system. For the analysis of risk factors, the chi-square test, multiple logistic regression model, and Kaplan-Meier method were used to identify independent risk factors, considering p<0.05. Results: The Case Group consisted of 189 healthcare-associated infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (61.4%), Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (30.1%), Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (8.5%), and the Control Group consisted of 6,834 patients. The independent risk factors were COVID-19 infection (OR=2.84, 95%CI=1.92–4.23, p<0.01), length of stay in intensive care greater than 14 days (OR=3.15, 95%CI=1.95–5.14, p<0.01), length of hospital stay greater than 30 days (OR=3.64, 95%CI=2.44–5.51, p<0.01), and patients who were in the third wave (OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.05–2.91, p=0.04). Ventilator-associated pneumonia was the only healthcare-related infection for which COVID-19 infection was an independent risk factor (OR=3.32, 95%CI=1.92–5.94, p<0.01). Conclusion: COVID-19 and length of hospital stay were independent risk factors for healthcare-associated infections, and only ventilator-associated pneumonia was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective healthcarerelated healthcare related COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 units LineAssociated Line Associated CatheterAssociated Catheter ventilatorassociated ventilator associated healthcareassociated Methods casecontrol case 137bed bed 137 medicalsurgical medical surgical Paulo Brazil 11 2019 21 2022 s system chisquare chi square test model KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 Results 18 61.4%, 614 61.4% , 61 4 (61.4%) 30.1%, 301 30.1% 1 (30.1%) 8.5%, 85 8.5% 8 5 (8.5%) 6834 6 834 6,83 OR=2.84, OR284 OR 2 84 (OR=2.84 95CI192423 CI 95 92 23 95%CI=1.92–4.23 p<0.01, p001 p<0.01 01 p<0.01) OR=3.15, OR315 3 15 (OR=3.15 95CI195514 95%CI=1.95–5.14 OR=3.64, OR364 64 (OR=3.64 95CI244551 44 51 95%CI=2.44–5.51 OR=1.72, OR172 72 (OR=1.72 95CI105291 91 95%CI=1.05–2.91 p=0.04. p004 p=0.04 . 04 p=0.04) Ventilatorassociated Ventilator OR=3.32, OR332 32 (OR=3.32 95CI192594 94 95%CI=1.92–5.94 p<0.01. Conclusion COVID1 COVID- 13 201 202 p00 p<0.0 61.4 (61.4% 30.1 (30.1% 8.5 (8.5% 683 83 6,8 OR=2.84 OR28 (OR=2.8 95CI19242 9 95%CI=1.92–4.2 OR=3.15 OR31 (OR=3.1 95CI19551 95%CI=1.95–5.1 OR=3.64 OR36 (OR=3.6 95CI24455 95%CI=2.44–5.5 OR=1.72 OR17 7 (OR=1.7 95CI10529 95%CI=1.05–2.9 p=0.0 OR=3.32 OR33 (OR=3.3 95CI19259 95%CI=1.92–5.9 20 p0 p<0. 61. (61.4 30. (30.1 8. (8.5 68 6, OR=2.8 OR2 (OR=2. 95CI1924 95%CI=1.92–4. OR=3.1 OR3 (OR=3. 95CI1955 95%CI=1.95–5. OR=3.6 95CI2445 95%CI=2.44–5. OR=1.7 OR1 (OR=1. 95CI1052 95%CI=1.05–2. p=0. OR=3.3 95CI1925 95%CI=1.92–5. p<0 (61. (30. (8. OR=2. (OR=2 95CI192 95%CI=1.92–4 OR=3. (OR=3 95CI195 95%CI=1.95–5 95CI244 95%CI=2.44–5 OR=1. (OR=1 95CI105 95%CI=1.05–2 p=0 95%CI=1.92–5 p< (61 (30 (8 OR=2 (OR= 95CI19 95%CI=1.92– OR=3 95%CI=1.95– 95CI24 95%CI=2.44– OR=1 95CI10 95%CI=1.05– p= (6 (3 ( OR= (OR 95CI1 95%CI=1.92 95%CI=1.95 95CI2 95%CI=2.44 95%CI=1.05 95CI 95%CI=1.9 95%CI=2.4 95%CI=1.0 95%CI=1. 95%CI=2. 95%CI=1 95%CI=2 95%CI= 95%CI

Abstract This study assessed the color-matching ability and color recovery of unprepared teeth when using single-shade composites and a universal composite in large restorations. Buccal and palatine surface colors of molars were measured with a spectrophotometer (CIELAB) before preparing round cavities (6 mm in diameter, 2 mm in depth). The cavities were randomly filled with a single-shade composite (Omnichroma, Diamond One, or Vittra APS Unique) or a universal composite (Filtek Universal). Color measurements of the restored cavities were taken, and overall color differences (ΔEab and ΔE00) and differences in the whitening index for dentistry (ΔWID) from baseline were calculated. Additionally, visual assessments of a color match to the surrounding enamel were performed by forty evaluators (laypersons and undergraduate students of dentistry) in a viewing booth under illuminant D65, with rating scores from 0 (no color mismatch) to 4 (not acceptable). Data were analyzed using RM or one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Results showed that the restorations generally exhibited whiter colors (WID ranged from 27.9 to 41.3) than the unprepared teeth (WID ranged from 15.9 to 19.3). The composite Filtek Universal demonstrated the lowest color discrepancy (ΔWID = 8.6; ΔE00 = 10.8; and ΔE00 = 6.2), and no significant differences were observed among the evaluated single-shade composites. Furthermore, all composites showed similar and adequate color matches to the surrounding enamel. However, it is important to note that despite their ability to match the surrounding enamel reasonably, none of the composites evaluated in large restorations fully recovered the color observed in unprepared teeth. colormatching matching singleshade single shade CIELAB (CIELAB 6 ( diameter depth. depth . depth) Omnichroma, Omnichroma (Omnichroma One Unique Universal. Universal) taken ΔEab ΔE ΔWID calculated Additionally laypersons D65 D mismatch not acceptable. acceptable acceptable) oneway one way α 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) WID 279 27 9 27. 41.3 413 41 3 159 15 15. 19.3. 193 19.3 19 19.3) 8.6 86 8 ΔE0 10.8 108 10 6.2, 62 6.2 , 6.2) Furthermore However reasonably D6 00 0.0 41. 1 19. 8. 10. 6. 0.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a habilidade de combinação de cores e recuperação de cor de dentes não preparados ao utilizar resinas compostas de única tonalidade e uma resina composta universal em grandes restaurações. As cores das superfícies bucais e palatinas de molares foram medidas com um espectrofotômetro (CIELAB) antes de preparar cavidades esféricas (6 mm de diâmetro, 2 mm de profundidade). As cavidades foram preenchidas aleatoriamente com uma resina composta de única tonalidade (Omnichroma, Diamond One ou Vittra APS Unique) ou com uma resina composta universal (Filtek Universal). Foram realizadas medições das cores das cavidades restauradas e calculadas as diferenças de cor globais (ΔEab and ΔE00)) e as diferenças no índice de clareamento para odontologia (ΔWID) em relação à cor inicial. Além disso, foram realizadas avaliações visuais da correspondência de cor com o esmalte circundante por quarenta avaliadores (leigos e estudantes de odontologia) em uma cabine de visualização sob iluminante D65, com pontuações de 0 (nenhuma discrepância de cor) a 4 (não aceitável). Os dados foram analisados usando RM ou ANOVA unidirecional (α = 0,05). Os resultados mostraram que as restaurações geralmente apresentavam cores mais brancas (WID variou de 27,9 a 41,3) do que os dentes não preparados (WID variou de 15,9 a 19,3). A resina composta Filtek Universal demonstrou a menor discrepância de cor (ΔWID = 8,6; ΔE00 = 10,8; and ΔE00 = 6,2), e não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre as resinas compostas de única tonalidade avaliadas. Além disso, todas as resinas compostas apresentaram correspondência de cor similar e adequada com o esmalte circundante. No entanto, é importante observar que, apesar de sua capacidade de corresponder razoavelmente com o esmalte circundante, nenhuma das resinas compostas avaliadas em grandes restaurações recuperou completamente a cor observada nos dentes não preparados. CIELAB (CIELAB 6 ( diâmetro profundidade. profundidade . profundidade) Omnichroma, Omnichroma (Omnichroma Unique Universal. Universal) ΔEab ΔE ΔE00) ΔWID inicial disso leigos D65 D aceitável. aceitável aceitável) α 0,05. 005 0,05 05 0,05) WID 279 27 9 27, 41,3 413 41 3 159 15 15, 19,3. 193 19,3 19 19,3) 8,6 86 8 ΔE0 10,8 108 10 6,2, 62 6,2 , 6,2) entanto D6 00 0,0 41, 1 19, 8, 10, 6, 0,

Abstract Repositioning guides are commonly employed in clinical studies to ensure consistent tooth color measurements. Yet, their influence on measured color remains uncertain. Objective This study evaluated the impact of repositioning guides’ color and usage on tooth color measurement using a clinical spectrophotometer. Methodology In total, 18 volunteers participated in this study, in which the color of their upper left central incisor and upper left canine was measured with or without repositioning guides (control). The guides were made from pink, blue, or translucent silicone, as well as an acetate-based bleaching tray. Tooth color was measured in triplicates using a clinical spectrophotometer based on the CIELAB system. The standard deviations of these readings were used to estimate reproducibility, and color differences (ΔE00) between the measurements with guides and the control were calculated. Results Repositioning guides had a minimal effect on L* values and no effect on b* values. The use of pink silicone increased a* values, whereas blue or translucent silicone reduced them. Irrespective of the evaluated tooth, the lowest ΔE00 values were observed for the translucent silicone and bleaching tray. The usage of guides only affected data variability for the L* color coordinate. Conclusion Using repositioning guides can significantly impact the precision of tooth color measurement with a clinical spectrophotometer. Yet uncertain total 1 control. . (control) acetatebased acetate tray system reproducibility ΔE (ΔE00 calculated L b them ΔE0 coordinate (control (ΔE0 (ΔE

Abstract Suicide is a worldwide phenomenon that constitutes a serious public health problem, observed in all cultures, genders, and social strata. In this sense, Primary Healthcare assumes a fundamental role in the approach, treatment, and prevention of cases of ideation or attempts, intending to welcome, bond and take responsibility for the care of people in the territory. It aimed to analyze the attention to people with ideation and suicide attempts in Primary Care in a city of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This is a descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collection consisted of non-participant direct observation in the social equipment of the Psychosocial Care Network and the application of semi-structured interviews with doctors and nurses working in Primary Care in the municipality. The collected information was transcribed and submitted to the thematic analysis process. The results show that the demand for mental health is crossed by issues related to the high demand, lack, and unpreparedness of professionals, as well as the disarticulation of the network. Therefore, the need for the qualification of professionals and dialogue between the services that make up the network for the elaboration of effective suicide prevention strategies in Primary Healthcare was evidenced.

Resumo O suicídio é um fenômeno mundial que constitui um grave problema de saúde pública, observado em todas as culturas, gêneros e camadas sociais. Nesse sentido, a Atenção Primária à Saúde assume papel fundamental na abordagem, tratamento e prevenção dos casos de ideação ou tentativas, tendo em vista o acolhimento, vínculo e responsabilização pelo cuidado das pessoas no território. Objetivou-se analisar estratégias de prevenção ao suicídio que são realizadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, exploratório e com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de informações foi composta por observação direta não participante nos equipamentos sociais da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial e por aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com médicos e enfermeiros atuantes na atenção primária do município. As informações coletadas foram transcritas e submetidas ao processo de análise temática. Os resultados expõem que a demanda de saúde mental é atravessada por questões relativas à alta demanda, carência e despreparo dos profissionais, bem como pela desarticulação da rede. Portanto, evidenciou-se a necessidade de qualificação dos profissionais e de diálogo entre os serviços que compõem a rede para a elaboração de estratégias efetivas de prevenção ao suicídio na Atenção Primária à Saúde.

This article aims to bring visibility to the use of humor as a mechanism of structural racism and the marks left on the body-territory of black adolescent girls who are students in a public school in the city of Governador Valadares, MG. The study draws on authors who discuss race and black feminist authors, conceptually operating with recreational racism, intersectionality, and body-territory. Empirical material was produced in thematic workshops, and the narratives brought by the 12 students participating in the research were analyzed through episodic analysis. The narrated episodes denounce the marks on the body-territory of these adolescents, as well as the naturalization of race and gender oppression, instrumentalized by recreational racism that appears in daily school life. This presence creates and reaffirms stereotypes about the category "black woman", provokes desires to stay away from school to avoid being the target of "jokes" and/or "pranks", and questioning their own humanity, reflecting if their appearances resemble the animals used to "insult" them. The adolescents denounce the silencing of the school in the face of this type of "humor", putting pressure on its naturalization and challenging us, as educators, to take a stance against these silences that engender exclusions and the naturalization of racism, among other mechanisms, disguised as humor but need to be named as recreational racism.

O objetivo deste artigo é trazer à visibilidade a utilização do humor como mecanismo do racismo estrutural e as marcas deixadas nos corpos-território de adolescentes negras, estudantes da educação básica de uma escola pública da cidade de Governador Valadares — MG. O estudo apoiou-se em autores que discutem raça e autoras do feminismo negro, operando conceitualmente com racismo recreativo, interseccionalidade e corpo-território. O material empírico foi produzido em oficinas temáticas e as narrativas trazidas pelas 12 estudantes, participantes da pesquisa, foram analisadas por meio da análise episódica.&nbsp; Os episódios narrados denunciam as marcas nos corpos-território dessas adolescentes, assim como a naturalização de opressões de raça e gênero, instrumentalizadas pelo racismo recreativo que comparece no cotidiano escolar. Esse comparecimento cria e reafirma estereótipos sobre a categoria “mulher negra”, provoca desejos de afastamento da escola para não serem alvo de “piadas” e/ou “brincadeiras”, e questionamentos sobre sua própria humanidade, ao refletirem se suas aparências se assemelham aos animais utilizados para “xingá-las”. As adolescentes denunciam os silenciamentos da escola frente a esse tipo de “humor”, tensionando a sua naturalização e nos provocam, como educadores/as, a posicionarmos contra esses silenciamentos que engendram exclusões e a naturalização do racismo, entre outros mecanismos, os disfarçados de humor, mas que precisam ser nomeados como racismo recreativo.

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Menus are tools to promote food education, essential to meet nutritional needs. Popular Restaurants, in turn, are mechanisms for promoting the Human Right to Adequate Food, mainly, for socially vulnerable populations. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the menu composition of 2 (two) popular restaurants in a city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, using the Qualitative Assessment of Menu Preparations method. METHODOLOGY: The Qualitative Assessment of Menu Preparations method was used to evaluate the 24-day menu between the end of August and September 2022. The aspects evaluated were color monotony (three or more foods of the same color), presence of leafy vegetables (one or more raw leafy vegetables) and fruits (one or more), types of meat (fatty meat), sulfur content (two or more foods), presence of fried foods, candies and simultaneous association of fried foods with candies. The relative frequency of each Qualitative Assessment of Menu Preparations method criterion was calculated, classifying the “negative aspects” (equal colors, preparations rich in sulfur, fatty meats, candies, fried foods and the combination of candies and fried foods) as “great” (<25.0% ), “good” (11.0 to 25.0%), “regular” (26.0 to 50.0%), “poor” (51.0 to 75.0%) or “terrible” (>75.0%) and the “positive aspects” (offering fruits and leafy vegetables) as “excellent” (≥90.0%), “good” (75.0 to 89.0%), “regular” (50.0 to 74.0%), “poor” (25.0 to 49.0%) or “terrible” (<25.0%). RESULTS: There was a 70.0% occurrence of color monotony on the menu. Leafy and fruit offerings occurred on 66.0% and 58.0% of the days, respectively. The presence of fatty meats occurred on 16.0% of the days, as well as preparations rich in sulfur. The presence of candies was verified in 41.7% of the days. The menu did not show the occurrence of fried foods and, consequently, there was no association of fried foods with candies (0.0%). CONCLUSIONS: The menu needs adjustments, mainly in the monotony of colors, but it has a great potential for offering nutrients, considering the occurrence of fruits and leafy vegetables and the absence of fried foods and associated fried foods and candies.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Os menus são ferramentas de promoção de educação alimentar, fundamentais para suprir as necessidades nutricionais dos indivíduos. Os Restaurantes Populares, por sua vez, são estabelecimentos de promoção do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada, principalmente, para populações socialmente vulneráveis. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a composição do menu de 2 (dois) Restaurantes Populares de um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, pelo método de Avaliação Qualitativa das Preparações do Cardápio. METODOLOGIA: Utilizou-se o método de Avaliação Qualitativa das Preparações do Cardápio para avaliação do menu de 24 dias decorridos entre final de agosto e setembro de 2022. Analisou-se monotonia de cores (três ou mais alimentos de cores iguais), presença de vegetais folhosos crus (um ou mais) e frutas (uma ou mais), tipos de carnes (carnes gordurosas), teor de enxofre (dois ou mais alimentos), presença de frituras, de doces e associação simultânea de frituras com doces. Calculou-se a frequência relativa de cada critério do método de Avaliação Qualitativa das Preparações do Cardápio, classificando os “aspetos negativos” (cores iguais, preparações ricas em enxofre, carnes gordurosas, doce, fritura e concomitância de doce e fritura) como “ótimo” (<25,0%), “bom” (11,0 a 25,0%), “regular” (26,0 a 50,0%), “ruim” (51,0 a 75,0%) ou “péssimo” (>75,0%) e os “aspetos positivos” (oferta de frutas e folhosos) como “ótimo” (≥90,0%), “bom” (75,0 a 89,0%), “regular” (50,0 a 74,0%), “ruim” (25,0 a 49,0%) ou “péssimo” (<25,0%). RESULTADOS: Verificou-se 70,0% de ocorrência de monotonia de cores. A oferta de folhosos e frutas ocorreu em 66,0% e 58,0% dos dias, respetivamente. A presença de carnes gordurosas ocorreu em 16,0% dos dias, assim como a de preparações ricas em enxofres. A presença de doces foi verificada em 41,7% dos dias. O menu não apresentou ocorrência de frituras e, consequentemente, apresentou ausência de associação de frituras com doces (0,0%). CONCLUSÕES: O menu apresenta necessidade de ajustes, principalmente, no critério monotonia de cores, porém nota-se grande potencial de oferta de nutrientes, diante da ocorrência “regular” de frutas e folhosos e ausência de frituras e de frituras associadas com doces.

Abstract This study evaluated the background and effect of surrounding colors on the color blending of a single-shade composite used in a thin layer. Disc-shaped specimens (1.0 mm thickness) were built with the Vittra APS Unique composite surrounded (dual specimens) or not surrounded (simple specimens) by a control composite (shade A1, A2, or A3). Simple specimens were also built with only control composites. The specimen color was measured against white and black backgrounds with a spectrophotometer (CIELAB system). The whiteness index for dentistry (WID) was calculated for simple specimens. Differences (ΔE00) in color and translucency parameters (ΔTP00) between the simple/dual specimens and the controls were calculated. The translucency adjustment potential (TAP) and color adjustment potential (CAP) were estimated based on the ratios between data from simple and dual specimens. The Vittra APS Unique composite showed higher WID values than the controls. No differences between ΔTP00_SIMPLE and ΔTP00_DUAL were observed for any of the shades. The composite shade did not affect TAP values. The lowest values of ΔE00_SIMPLE and ΔE00_DUAL were observed for shade A1 regardless of the background color. For the white background, ΔE00_SIMPLE values did not differ from those of ΔE00_DUAL for all shades. Only A1 showed ΔE00_DUAL values lower than ΔE00_SIMPLE when the black background was used. The highest modulus of CAP (negative values for the white background) was observed when shade A1 surrounded the Vittra APS Unique composite. The color blending ability of the single-shade resin composite used in a thin layer was affected by both the surrounding shade and background color. singleshade single Discshaped Disc shaped 1.0 10 1 0 (1. thickness A A2 A3. A3 . A3) composites CIELAB system. system system) (WID ΔE00 ΔE (ΔE00 ΔTP00 ΔTP (ΔTP00 simpledual (TAP (CAP ΔTP00SIMPLE ΔTPSIMPLE SIMPLE ΔTP00DUAL ΔTPDUAL DUAL shades ΔE00SIMPLE ΔESIMPLE ΔE00DUAL ΔEDUAL negative 1. (1 ΔE0 (ΔE0 ΔTP0 (ΔTP0 ( (ΔE (ΔTP

ABSTRACT Introduction: Participants in cardiac rehabilitation programs have low adherence to their sessions, which makes extremely important to recognize the barriers that cause non-adherence, identifying whether the type of service and level of adherence influence these barriers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, in which 220 individuals (66.80±11.59 years) of both genders who are members of public and private exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs participated. The volunteers were divided according to the level of adherence, considering patients with low adherence (PLA) those with < 70% of attendance and high adherence (PHA) those with > 70%. Then, initial evaluation, Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale, analysis of socioeconomic level, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mini-Mental State Examination were applied. Results: Higher total barriers were found in PLA in the public service compared to PHA in the private service (P=0.023). In the subscale “perceived need”, PHA in the public service showed higher values than PLA and PHA in the private service (P≤0.001). The “access” barrier was higher for PHA in the public service when compared to PHA in the private service (P=0.024). PHA in the public service exhibited a higher barrier regarding questions about distance, transportation problems, cost, and time constraints. Conclusion: The public program presents higher barriers in the questions and categories compared to the private program, mainly the PHA. Furthermore, there are differences in the profile of the participants regarding socioeconomic and anxiety levels, treatment time, ethnicity, and city where they live. Introduction sessions nonadherence, nonadherence non non-adherence Methods crosssectional cross sectional study 22 66.80±11.59 66801159 66 80 11 59 (66.80±11.5 years exercisebased exercise based participated (PLA 70 (PHA Then evaluation Scale MiniMental Mini Mental applied Results P=0.023. P0023 P P=0.023 . 0 023 (P=0.023) perceived need, need , need” P≤0.001. P0001 P≤0.001 001 (P≤0.001) access “access P=0.024. P0024 P=0.024 024 (P=0.024) distance problems cost constraints Conclusion Furthermore levels ethnicity live 2 66.80±11.5 6680115 6 8 1 5 (66.80±11. 7 P002 P=0.02 02 (P=0.023 P000 P≤0.00 00 (P≤0.001 (P=0.024 66.80±11. 668011 (66.80±11 P00 P=0.0 (P=0.02 P≤0.0 (P≤0.00 66.80±11 66801 (66.80±1 P0 P=0. (P=0.0 P≤0. (P≤0.0 66.80±1 6680 (66.80± P=0 (P=0. P≤0 (P≤0. 66.80± 668 (66.80 P= (P=0 P≤ (P≤0 66.80 (66.8 (P= (P≤ 66.8 (66. (P 66. (66 (6 (

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar las repercusiones de la pandemia de Covid-19 en el uso de pantallas digitales en la primera infancia, desde la perspectiva de las madres y los profesionales de la educación. Método: Estudio cualitativo, basado en la Teoría Bioecológica de Bronfenbrenner. Participaron nueve madres de niños menores de tres años, matriculados en guarderías de un municipio del estado de Paraíba, Brasil, y seis profesionales de la educación que actuaban en esas guarderías. Los datos se recogieron entre julio y octubre de 2021 mediante entrevista virtual y se analizaron según un análisis temático inductivo. Resultados: Las restricciones impuestas por la pandemia convirtieron a las pantallas en el único recurso disponible para las actividades educativas, la interacción, el ocio y la distracción de los niños, lo que provocó un aumento exponencial del tiempo que pasaban frente a ellas. Conclusión: La pandemia tuvo un impacto directo en el uso de pantallas digitales en la primera infancia, repercutiendo en el aumento del tiempo de exposición del niño, según padres y profesionales de la educación. Objetivo Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 infancia Método cualitativo Bronfenbrenner años Paraíba Brasil 202 inductivo Resultados educativas interacción ellas Conclusión niño Covid1 1 Covid- 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the use of digital screens in early childhood, from the perspective of mothers and education professionals. Method: Qualitative study, based on Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory. Nine mothers of children under three years of age, enrolled in daycare centers in a municipality in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, and six education professionals who worked in these daycare centers participated. The data were collected between July and October 2021 via virtual interviews and analyzed according to inductive thematic analysis. Results: The restrictions imposed by the pandemic made screens the only available resource for children’s educational activities, interaction, leisure, and distraction, causing an exponential increase in the time they spent in front of screens. Conclusion: The pandemic had a direct impact on the use of digital screens in early childhood, increasing the child’s exposure time, according to parents and education professionals. Objective Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 childhood Method study Bronfenbrenners Bronfenbrenner s Theory age Paraíba Brazil participated 202 analysis Results childrens activities interaction leisure distraction Conclusion childs child Covid1 1 Covid- 20 2

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a repercussão da pandemia da Covid-19 no uso de telas digitais na primeiríssima infância, na perspectiva de mães e profissionais da educação. Método: Estudo qualitativo, baseado na Teoria Bioecológica de Bronfenbrenner. Participaram nove mães de crianças menores de três anos, matriculadas em creches de um município do estado da Paraíba, Brasil e seis profissionais da educação, que atuavam nessas creches. Os dados foram coletados entre julho e outubro de 2021 por meio de entrevista virtual e analisados conforme a análise temática indutiva. Resultados: As restrições impostas pela pandemia fizeram das telas o único recurso disponível para as atividades educativas, interação, lazer e distração das crianças, causando aumento exponencial no tempo em que essas passaram diante das telas. Conclusão: A pandemia repercutiu diretamente no uso de telas digitais na primeiríssima infância, impactando no aumento do tempo de exposição da criança, segundo os pais e profissionais da educação. Objetivo Covid19 Covid 19 Covid-1 infância educação Método qualitativo Bronfenbrenner anos Paraíba 202 indutiva Resultados educativas interação Conclusão criança Covid1 1 Covid- 20 2

ABSTRACT Introduction: Participants in cardiac rehabilitation programs have low adherence to their sessions, which makes extremely important to recognize the barriers that cause non-adherence, identifying whether the type of service and level of adherence influence these barriers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, in which 220 individuals (66.80±11.59 years) of both genders who are members of public and private exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs participated. The volunteers were divided according to the level of adherence, considering patients with low adherence (PLA) those with < 70% of attendance and high adherence (PHA) those with > 70%. Then, initial evaluation, Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Scale, analysis of socioeconomic level, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Mini-Mental State Examination were applied. Results: Higher total barriers were found in PLA in the public service compared to PHA in the private service (P=0.023). In the subscale “perceived need”, PHA in the public service showed higher values than PLA and PHA in the private service (P≤0.001). The “access” barrier was higher for PHA in the public service when compared to PHA in the private service (P=0.024). PHA in the public service exhibited a higher barrier regarding questions about distance, transportation problems, cost, and time constraints. Conclusion: The public program presents higher barriers in the questions and categories compared to the private program, mainly the PHA. Furthermore, there are differences in the profile of the participants regarding socioeconomic and anxiety levels, treatment time, ethnicity, and city where they live. Introduction sessions nonadherence, nonadherence non non-adherence Methods crosssectional cross sectional study 22 66.80±11.59 66801159 66 80 11 59 (66.80±11.5 years exercisebased exercise based participated (PLA 70 (PHA Then evaluation Scale MiniMental Mini Mental applied Results P=0.023. P0023 P P=0.023 . 0 023 (P=0.023) perceived need, need , need” P≤0.001. P0001 P≤0.001 001 (P≤0.001) access “access P=0.024. P0024 P=0.024 024 (P=0.024) distance problems cost constraints Conclusion Furthermore levels ethnicity live 2 66.80±11.5 6680115 6 8 1 5 (66.80±11. 7 P002 P=0.02 02 (P=0.023 P000 P≤0.00 00 (P≤0.001 (P=0.024 66.80±11. 668011 (66.80±11 P00 P=0.0 (P=0.02 P≤0.0 (P≤0.00 66.80±11 66801 (66.80±1 P0 P=0. (P=0.0 P≤0. (P≤0.0 66.80±1 6680 (66.80± P=0 (P=0. P≤0 (P≤0. 66.80± 668 (66.80 P= (P=0 P≤ (P≤0 66.80 (66.8 (P= (P≤ 66.8 (66. (P 66. (66 (6 (