Abstract The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and socioeconomic and demographic variables, suicidal ideation, self-perception of oral health, and experiences of dental care in the Brazilian adult LGBTIQ+ population. A sample of 464 participants completed self-administered online questionnaires and provided information for OHRQoL assessment, using the OHIP-14 instrument at three hierarchical levels of explanatory variables: LGBTIQ+ identities; socioeconomic and demographic data and existential suffering; and self-perception of oral health and experience of dental care. The collected data were fitted to hierarchical multiple logistic regression models, in which the associations between each independent variable with the OHIP-14 prevalence outcome were analyzed. The OHIP-14-prevalence index showed that 33.2% of the participants answered ‘frequently’ or ‘always’, and the highest frequencies were obtained for the psychological discomfort (27.8%), psychological disability (18.3%), and physical pain (17.5%) domains. According to the adjusted final model, LGBTIQ+ individuals who were more likely to have their OHRQoL affected were those who were indifferent (OR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.26-8.20), dissatisfied (OR=10.45; 95% CI: 3.86-28.26), or very dissatisfied (OR=53.93; 95% CI: 12.12-239.93) with their oral health status, and also those who had or have difficulty accessing dental treatment (OR=2.06; 95% CI: 1.24-3.41) (p<0.05). It may be concluded that the OHRQoL of the investigated Brazilian LGBTIQ+ population showed associations with individual aspects and with access to dental services. crosssectional cross sectional healthrelated related (OHRQoL variables ideation selfperception self perception LGBTIQ 46 selfadministered administered assessment OHIP14 OHIP 14 OHIP-1 identities suffering models analyzed OHIP14prevalence OHIPprevalence 332 33 2 33.2 ‘frequently frequently ‘always, always ‘always , ‘always’ 27.8%, 278 27.8% 27 8 (27.8%) 18.3%, 183 18.3% 18 3 (18.3%) 17.5% 175 17 5 (17.5% domains model OR=3.21 OR321 OR 21 (OR=3.21 95 CI 1.268.20, 126820 1.26 8.20 1 26 20 1.26-8.20) OR=10.45 OR1045 10 45 (OR=10.45 3.8628.26, 3862826 3.86 28.26 86 28 3.86-28.26) OR=53.93 OR5393 53 93 (OR=53.93 12.12239.93 121223993 12.12 239.93 12 239 12.12-239.93 status OR=2.06 OR206 06 (OR=2.06 1.243.41 124341 1.24 3.41 24 41 1.24-3.41 p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) services 4 OHIP1 OHIP- 33. 27.8 (27.8% 18.3 (18.3% 17.5 (17.5 OR=3.2 OR32 (OR=3.2 9 268 1.268.20 12682 126 1.2 820 8.2 1.26-8.20 OR=10.4 OR104 (OR=10.4 8628 3.8628.26 386282 386 3.8 2826 28.2 3.86-28.26 OR=53.9 OR539 (OR=53.9 12239 12.12239.9 12122399 1212 12.1 23993 239.9 23 12.12-239.9 OR=2.0 OR20 (OR=2.0 243 1.243.4 12434 124 341 3.4 1.24-3.4 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 27. (27.8 18. (18.3 17. (17. OR=3. OR3 (OR=3. 1.268.2 1268 1. 82 8. 1.26-8.2 OR=10. OR10 (OR=10. 862 3.8628.2 38628 38 3. 282 28. 3.86-28.2 OR=53. OR53 (OR=53. 1223 12.12239. 1212239 121 12. 2399 239. 12.12-239. OR=2. OR2 (OR=2. 1.243. 1243 34 1.24-3. p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (27. (18. (17 OR=3 (OR=3 1.268. 1.26-8. OR=10 OR1 (OR=10 3.8628. 3862 3.86-28. OR=53 OR5 (OR=53 122 12.12239 121223 12.12-239 OR=2 (OR=2 1.243 1.24-3 p<0 (p<0. (27 (18 (1 OR= (OR= 1.268 1.26-8 OR=1 (OR=1 3.8628 3.86-28 OR=5 (OR=5 12.1223 12122 12.12-23 1.24- p< (p<0 (2 ( (OR 1.26- 3.862 3.86-2 12.122 12.12-2 (p< 3.86- 12.12- (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To map, through a scoping review, the characteristics of scientific dental production directed at LGBTQIA+ people. Material and Methods: Text searches were carried out (September 2022) in three databases: PubMed (MEDLINE), Virtual Health Library (BVS/BIREME), and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online). Data extraction was carried out through the content of the abstracts and full texts. Results: A total of 1,524 studies were found, of which 186 were considered eligible. The results point to the stigmatizing nature of HIV-AIDS among the LGBTQIA+ population, a highlight of the scientific production that is linked to serophobic outcomes. Studies were also found that addressed the precariousness of oral health and inaccessibility to dental services, anatomical specificities, and the risks of contracting and preventing sexually transmitted infections. However, a substantial gap became evident: questions and directions aimed at providing dental care for the LGBTQIA+ population. Conclusion: There is a need to expand the number and scope of research aimed at this population in an attempt to provide evidence for the construction of an effective model of dental care, therefore, integral, collective, and contextualized to the specificities, needs, and demands of the multiple LGBTQIA+ identities. Objective map review LGBTQIA people Methods September 2022 databases MEDLINE, MEDLINE , (MEDLINE) BVS/BIREME, BVSBIREME BVS/BIREME BVS BIREME (BVS/BIREME) Scientific Online. Online . Online) texts Results 1524 1 524 1,52 18 eligible HIVAIDS HIV AIDS outcomes services specificities infections However evident Conclusion therefore integral collective needs identities 202 (MEDLINE (BVS/BIREME 152 52 1,5 20 15 5 1, 2

Resumo Esta pesquisa traz em seu escopo a análise do potencial estigmatizador do conteúdo de estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+ indexados na plataforma PubMed. Por meio de uma ampla e sistemática pesquisa bibliográfica foram identificados e incluídos, respectivamente, 821 e 334 (40,68%) artigos, dos quais foram extraídos 1838 descritores. Da análise dos dados coletados foram identificados as maiores prevalências dos descritores “men having sex with man” (192 repetições) e “HIV” (98 repetições). Sendo assim, o percurso analítico das informações levantadas refletiu que a população LGBTQIA+ é essencialmente designada como “homens que fazem sexo com outros homens e soropositivos”. Este estudo traz, portanto, a presença de características estigmatizantes nos estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+. Contudo, cabe destacar que o resultado encontrado é subsídio para o fortalecimento de uma perspectiva crítica de um fazer científico mais humanizado e direcionado às especificidades e necessidades da população LGBTQIA+.

Abstract This study analyzes the stigmatizing potential of studies on the LGBTQIA+ population indexed on the PubMED database. By a broad and systematic bibliographic search, 821 publications were found and 334 (40.68%) were included in this study. From these, 1838 keywords were extracted. Data analysis showed that the keywords “men who have sex with man” (192 repetitions) and “HIV” (98 repetitions) had the highest prevalence. Thus, according to the analysis, the LGBTQIA+ population is essentially described as “men who have sex with other men” and “HIV positive.” This study unveils the presence of stigmatizing characteristics in studies on the LGBTQIA+ population. However, such findings can help strengthen the critical perspective of a more humanized scientific practice, actually concerned with the specificities and needs of the LGBTQIA+ population.

Resumo Esta pesquisa traz em seu escopo a análise do potencial estigmatizador do conteúdo de estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+ indexados na plataforma PubMed. Por meio de uma ampla e sistemática pesquisa bibliográfica foram identificados e incluídos, respectivamente, 821 e 334 (40,68%) artigos, dos quais foram extraídos 1838 descritores. Da análise dos dados coletados foram identificados as maiores prevalências dos descritores “men having sex with man” (192 repetições) e “HIV” (98 repetições). Sendo assim, o percurso analítico das informações levantadas refletiu que a população LGBTQIA+ é essencialmente designada como “homens que fazem sexo com outros homens e soropositivos”. Este estudo traz, portanto, a presença de características estigmatizantes nos estudos direcionados à população LGBTQIA+. Contudo, cabe destacar que o resultado encontrado é subsídio para o fortalecimento de uma perspectiva crítica de um fazer científico mais humanizado e direcionado às especificidades e necessidades da população LGBTQIA+.

Abstract This study analyzes the stigmatizing potential of studies on the LGBTQIA+ population indexed on the PubMED database. By a broad and systematic bibliographic search, 821 publications were found and 334 (40.68%) were included in this study. From these, 1838 keywords were extracted. Data analysis showed that the keywords “men who have sex with man” (192 repetitions) and “HIV” (98 repetitions) had the highest prevalence. Thus, according to the analysis, the LGBTQIA+ population is essentially described as “men who have sex with other men” and “HIV positive.” This study unveils the presence of stigmatizing characteristics in studies on the LGBTQIA+ population. However, such findings can help strengthen the critical perspective of a more humanized scientific practice, actually concerned with the specificities and needs of the LGBTQIA+ population.

RESUMO O presente estudo se propôs a analisar, por meio de um relato de experiência, a eficiência da implantação da “Oficina de instrumentalização e dinamização de projetos de extensão: a integração do ensino e da pesquisa científica em cenários extensionistas” como instrumento pedagógico indutor para a dinamização e instrumentalização dos espaços extensionistas do recém-implantado Campus Avançado-UFJF em Governador Valadares (MG). Após o percurso metodológico descrito, pôde-se concluir que a oficina se consagrou como um primeiro passo dado em direção ao reconhecimento da importância da extensão universitária para uma formação acadêmica mais contextualizada e voltada às aflições da população brasileira. Afinal, extensão é inserir vida no ensino superior, é dinamizar espaços em prol da coletividade.

ABSTRACT This aim of the study was to use an experience report to analyze the efficiency of the implementation of the “Instrumentalization workshop and promotion of extension projects: the integration of education and scientific research in extension scenarios” as an educational tool for promoting and instrumentalizing extension spaces at the newly deployed Advanced Campus-UFJF, in Governador Valadares, MG. After using the described methodological approach, it may be concluded that this workshop was consecrated as a first step towards the recognition of the importance of university extension in more contextualized academic training that is oriented toward afflictions affecting the Brazilian population. Extension does, after all, mean inserting life into higher education and making spaces more dynamic for the public good.

Da identificação do HIV como o agente causador da AIDS, ao desenvolvimento de fármacos antirretrovirais eficazes, os avanços científicos na pesquisa sobre o HIV nos últimos vinte e seis anos foram marcantes. Atualmente, existem vinte e cinco fármacos anti-HIV formalmente aprovados pelo FDA para utilização clínica no tratamento da AIDS. Estes compostos são divididos em seis classes: inibidores nucleosídeos de transcriptase reversa (INTR), inibidores nucleotídeos de transcriptase reversa (INtTR), inibidores não-nucleosídeos de transcriptase reversa (INNTR), inibidores de protease (IP), inibidores da entrada celular ou inibidores de fusão (IF), inibidores de co-receptores (ICR) e inibidores de integrase (INI). O metabolismo consiste em um dos maiores determinantes do perfil farmacocinético de um fármaco. A formação de metabólitos ativos ou tóxicos terá impacto nas respostas farmacológicas ou toxicológicas do fármaco. Portanto, é amplamente reconhecido que estudos do metabolismo de uma nova entidade química devem ser realizados durante as fases iniciais do processo de desenvolvimento de fármacos. Este artigo descreve uma abordagem do metabolismo dos fármacos anti-HIV atualmente disponíveis na terapêutica.

From the identification of HIV as the agent causing AIDS, to the development of effective antiretroviral drugs, the scientific achievements in HIV research over the past twenty-six years have been formidable. Currently, there are twenty-five anti-HIV compounds which have been formally approved for clinical use in the treatment of AIDS. These compounds fall into six categories: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NtRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), cell entry inhibitors or fusion inhibitors (FIs), co-receptor inhibitors (CRIs), and integrase inhibitors (INIs). Metabolism by the host organism is one of the most important determinants of the pharmacokinetic profile of a drug. Formation of active or toxic metabolites will also have an impact on the pharmacological and toxicological outcomes. Therefore, it is widely recognized that metabolism studies of a new chemical entity need to be addressed early in the drug discovery process. This paper describes an overview of the metabolism of currently available anti-HIV drugs.

Beauveria bassiana genetic diversity and ability to synthesize quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase (quercetinase) were analyzed. B. bassiana isolates, obtained from Brazilian soil samples, produced quercetinase after induction using 0.5 g/L quercetin. B. bassiana ATCC 7159 (29.6 nmol/mL/min) and isolate IP 11 (27.5 nmol/ml/min) showed the best performances and IP 3a (9.5 nmol/mL/min) presented the lowest level of quercetinase activity in the culture supernatant. A high level of polymorphism was detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The use of internal-transcribed-spacer ribosomal region restriction fragment length polymorphism (ITS-RFLP) did not reveal characteristic markers to differentiate isolates. However, the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region sequence analysis provided more information on polymorphism among the isolates, allowing them to be clustered by relative similarity into three large groups. Correlation was tested according to the Person's correlation. Data of our studies showed, that lower associations among groups, level of quercetinase production, or geographical origin could be observed. This study presents the production of a novel biocatalyst by B. bassiana and suggests the possible industrial application of this fungal species in large-scale biotechnological manufacture of quercetinase.

O presente estudo analisou a relação peso-comprimento e uma série de aspectos da biologia reprodutiva de Anableps anableps da foz do rio Maracanã, no estado brasileiro do Pará. Os espécimes foram coletados por meio de duas redes de emalhar de 30 m de comprimento, com malhas de 15 e 20 mm, e com um puçá com um metro de diâmetro, com malha de 10 mm. Foram capturados 865 espécimes, os quais foram analisados para estabelecer a razão sexual, que foi de 2,12 fêmeas por macho (χ² = 13,07; p<0,05). As fêmeas apresentaram crescimento alométrico positivo, enquanto que os machos foram alométricos negativos. Nas análises adicionais, as gônadas de 371 fêmeas foram observadas ao microscópio. O desenvolvimento gonadal foi classificado em três estádios: imaturo (5,0%), em maturação (12,0%) e maturo (83,0%). O desenvolvimento embrionário foi classificado em cinco fases, de acordo com o tamanho do embrião e do saco vitelino. A fecundidade média foi de 12 ovos / embriões por fêmea (variando de 1-37 ovos / embriões). Uma relação significativa foi verificada entre o comprimento padrão das fêmeas, o peso de seus ovários (R ² = 0,257, p < 0,001), e o número de embriões (R ² = 0,573, p < 0,001). O tamanho médio da primeira maturação sexual (L50) para as fêmeas foi estimado em 11,7 cm. A espécie se reproduz durante todo o ano.

The present study analyzed the length-weight relationship and some aspects of the reproductive biology of Anableps anableps from the mouth of the Maracanã River, in the Brazilian state of Pará. The specimens were collected using two 30 m-long gillnets with 15 and 20 mm mesh size, as well as a 1 m-diameter hand net with a 10 mm mesh. A total of 865 specimens were collected, from which an adult sex ratio of 2.12 females per male was recorded (χ² = 13.07; p<0.05). Females presented positively allometric growth, whereas males were negatively allometric. In the additional analyses, the gonads of 371 female specimens were observed microscopically. Gonadal development was classified in three stages: immature (5.0%), maturing (12.0%), and mature (83.0%). Embryonic development was classified in five phases, according to the size of the embryo and the vitelline sac. Mean fecundity was 12 eggs/embryos per female (range: 1-37 eggs/embryos). A significant relationship was recorded between the standard length of females and ovaries weight (R² = 0.257; p < 0.001), and the number of embryos carried (R² = 0.573; p < 0.001). Mean body length of females at initial sexual maturation (L50) was estimated at 11.7 cm. The species reproduced throughout the year.

Biotransformações microbianas constituem uma alternativa importante como modelo para o estudo do metabolismo de medicamentos em mamíferos e são empregadas em processos sintéticos industriais com propósitos farmacêuticos. Diversos microrganismos com potencial para biotransformação têm sido encontrados através de screening intensivo e aplicados comercialmente. Dez cepas de fungos filamentosos do gênero Beauveria, isolados na região central do Brasil, e a cepa Beauveria bassiana ATCC 7159 foram avaliadas quanto à capacidade de biotransformação da quercetina. As reações de biotransformações foram realizadas por um período de 24 a 96 horas, e monitoradas através de espectrometria de massas do meio reacional. Todas as cepas foram capazes de metabolizar a quercetina, formando metabólitos encontrados nos mamíferos. Os resultados foram diferentes dos resultados apresentados por outros microrganismos utilizados anteriormente e chamam a atenção devido à diversidade das reações evidenciadas. Diferentes metabólitos conjugados foram detectados simultaneamente: metilados, sulfatados, monoglicuronados, e glicuronados.

Microbial biotransformations constitute an important alternative as models for drug metabolism study in mammalians and have been used for the industrial synthesis of chemicals with pharmaceutical purposes. Several microorganisms with unique biotransformation ability have been found by intensive screening and put in commercial applications. Ten isolates of Beauveria sp genus filamentous fungi, isolated from soil in the central Brazil, and Beauveria bassiana ATCC 7159 were evaluated for their capability of quercetin biotransformation. Biotransformation processes were carried out for 24 up to 96 hours and monitored by mass spectrometry analyses of the culture broth. All strains were able to metabolize quercetin, forming mammalian metabolites. The results were different from those presented by other microorganisms previously utilized, attrackting attention because of the great diversity of reactions. Methylated, sulphated, monoglucuronidated, and glucuronidated conjugated metabolites were simultaneously detected.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a redução de índice de placa visível (IPV) e índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) em crianças atendidas em uma unidade do SUS do RJ. Foi utilizado o método de procedimento comparativo e estatístico (teste t através do programa GMC) para verificar a variação entre as médias do IPV e do ISG iniciais (registrados no início do ciclo de atendimento) e finais (registrados logo após as crianças terem participado de atividades promocionais de saúde com escovação supervisionada semanal, orientação de dieta individual e atividade educativa coletiva com a presença do responsável, bem como adequação do meio bucal e atendimento cirúrgico restaurador, num período médio de 6 meses). População: dados referentes a um grupo de 42 crianças com uma média de idade de 9 anos com 4 dentes afetados pela doença cárie, em média. Utilizou-se a técnica de documentação indireta através de pesquisa documental. Resultados: IPV-inicial = 29% contra IPV-final = 11% e ISG-inicial = 13% contra ISG-final = 5%. As variações encontradas foram estatisticamente significantes ao nível de 1% pelo teste estatístico aplicado. O programa de promoção de saúde analisado mostrou-se eficaz em relação ao controle de placa, reduzindo o IPV a um nível mais aceitável. Embora o ISG tenha sofrido uma redução considerável, a presença de sangramento gengival no final do ciclo de atendimento requer uma melhor abordagem da motivação do paciente em realizar a higiene bucal rotineiramente.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the reduction of the VPI (visible plaque index) and of the GBI (gum bleeding index) in children seen at a unit of SUS, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A comparative and statistical procedure (t-test, by means of the GMC program) was employed in order to assess the variation between initial and final mean VPI and GBI values. Initial values were registered in the beginning of the assistance program, and final values were registered after the children had participated in health promotion activities, which included weekly supervised brushing sessions, individual dietary guidance, collective instructive activities in which parents were present, adjusting of the oral environment, as well as restorative and surgical dental care, during an average period of six months. The studied sample comprised fourty-two children, with an average age of nine years, who presented an average of four teeth affected by caries. The technique of indirect documentation, by means of documental research, was employed. The following results were obtained: initial VPI = 29%; final VPI = 11%; initial GBI = 13% and final GBI = 5%. The observed variations were statistically significant at the level of 1%, which was revealed by the applied statistical test. The program proved efficient as to plaque control, reducing VPI to a more acceptable level. Although GBI presented considerable reduction, the presence of bleeding at the end of the program calls for a better approach in motivating patients as to regular oral hygiene.