ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether early-stage intraocular pressure can be modulated using a thermal face mask. Methods: In this prospective clinical study, healthy participants were randomized on a 1:1:1 allocation ratio to three mask groups: hypothermic (G1), normothermic (G2), and hyperthermic (G3). After randomization, 108 eyes from 108 participants were submitted to clinical evaluations, including measurement of initial intraocular pressure (T1). The thermal mask was then applied for 10 minutes, followed by a second evaluation of intraocular pressure (T2) and assessment of any side effects. Results: The hypothermic group (G1) showed a significant reduction in mean intraocular pressure between T1 (16.97 ± 2.59 mmHg) and T2 (14.97 ± 2.44 mmHg) (p<0.001). G2 showed no significant pressure difference between T1 (16.50 ± 2.55 mmHg) and T2 (17.00 ± 2.29 mmHg) (p=0.054). G3 showed a significant increase in pressure from T1 (16.53 ± 2.69 mmHg) to T2 (18.58 ± 2.95 mmHg) (p<0.001). At T1, there was no difference between the three study groups (p=0.823), but at T2, the mean values of G3 were significantly higher than those of G1 and G2 (p<0.00). Conclusion: Temperature was shown to significantly modify intraocular pressure. Thermal masks allow the application of temperature in a controlled, reproducible manner. Further studies are needed to assess the duration of these effects and whether they are reproducible in patients with pathologies that affect intraocular pressure. Purpose earlystage early stage Methods 111 1 1:1: G1, G , G2, (G2) G3. . (G3) randomization evaluations T1. T (T1) minutes (T2 Results (G1 16.97 1697 16 97 (16.9 259 2 59 2.5 mmHg 14.97 1497 14 (14.9 244 44 2.4 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) 16.50 1650 50 (16.5 255 55 17.00 1700 17 00 (17.0 229 29 2.2 p=0.054. p0054 p=0.054 054 (p=0.054) 16.53 1653 53 269 69 2.6 18.58 1858 18 58 (18.5 295 95 2.9 p=0.823, p0823 p=0.823 823 (p=0.823) p<0.00. p000 p<0.00 (p<0.00) Conclusion controlled manner 11 1:1 (G2 (G3 (T1 (T (G 16.9 169 9 (16. 25 5 2. 14.9 149 (14. 24 4 (p<0.001 16.5 165 17.0 170 (17. 22 p005 p=0.05 05 (p=0.054 26 6 18.5 185 (18. p082 p=0.82 82 (p=0.823 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 1: 16. (16 14. (14 17. (17 p=0.0 (p=0.05 18. (18 p08 p=0.8 8 (p=0.82 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (1 p=0. (p=0.0 (p=0.8 p<0 (p<0. ( p=0 (p=0. p< (p<0 p= (p=0 (p< (p= (p

Resumo Este texto busca apresentar um panorama da rodovia BR-319 (Manaus a Porto Velho, Brasil) a partir de uma análise geopolítica dos transportes e das frentes pioneiras para fins de evidenciar o papel do Estado na Amazônia e no processo de integração territorial brasileiro. Alem disso, são apresentadas considerações sobre as atividades de transporte de cargas e passageiros organizadas ao longo desse eixo, ressaltando a existência de frentes pioneiras com diversas temporalidades. Foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos e históricos com consulta em jornais das décadas de 1960-2000 e realização de trabalho de campo entre os anos de 2014 até 2022. Após a realização dos trabalhos de campo foi possível identificar a organização das atividades de transporte e o desenvolvimento das frentes pioneiras na porção Sul da rodovia no distrito de Realidade, no município de Humaitá-AM.

Abstract This paper aims to provide an overview of the BR-319 highway (connecting Manaus and Porto Velho, Brazil) through a geopolitical analysis of transportation and pioneer fronts. The objective is to highlight the State’s role in the Amazon and the process of Brazilian territorial integration. It also points out considerations on cargo and passenger transport activities organized along this corridor and highlights the existence of pioneer fronts with various temporalities. Bibliographic and historical surveys were conducted, involving the examination of newspapers from the decades 1960 to 2000. Additionally, fieldwork was undertaken between 2014 and 2022. Following the completion of the fieldwork, the study identified the organization of transport activities and the development of pioneer fronts in the southern segment of the highway in the district of Realidade, within the municipality of Humaitá-AM.

Resumen Este texto busca presentar una visión general de la autopista BR-319 (de Manaos a Porto Velho, Brasil) a partir de un análisis geopolítico del transporte y de los frentes pioneros, con el fin de destacar el papel del Estado en la Amazonia y en el proceso de integración territorial brasileño. También se consideran las actividades de transporte de mercancías y pasajeros organizadas a lo largo de este eje, destacando la existencia de frentes pioneros con diferentes temporalidades. Se realizó una investigación bibliográfica e histórica, que incluyó la consulta de periódicos publicados entre 1960 y 2000 y un trabajo de campo entre 2014 y 2022. Tras la realización del trabajo de campo, fue posible identificar la organización de las actividades de transporte y el desarrollo de frentes pioneros en la porción sur de la carretera en el distrito de Realidade, en el municipio de Humaitá-AM.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate psychostimulant drug use among academics in the health area of a higher education institution in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study of 389 university students from various health-related fields. This study used a questionnaire to investigate the social and behavioral aspects associated with using psychostimulants. Results: The prevalence of psychostimulant use was 21%, primarily in men (23.07%), medicine students (19.70%), and psychology students (18.91%). Methylphenidate was the most commonly used drug (57%). Concomitant use of psychostimulants was reported in 37% and 35% of participants who started using them during graduation. A justifiable medical diagnosis was reported by 65% of the participants; however, a large portion had no indication for their use, and 77% acquired the medication without a medical prescription. The most frequently reported effects by users included lack of appetite (68%), tachycardia (58%), insomnia (43.5%), and agitation (50%). More than 70% of users also reported concurrent use of alcohol and illicit drugs, as well as depression and anxiety, which are contraindications for psychostimulant use. Additionally, 75% of students reported using psychostimulants for neuroenhancement purposes, with the majority (52%) perceiving their course performance as good and believing that it would be different without the drug (75.8%). Conclusion: Psychostimulant use in the study population revealed significant risks, including a lack of a valid diagnosis, unsupervised use, drug interactions, and side effects. Therefore, the data obtained in this study may contribute to the development of educational policies focused on preventing and controlling the indiscriminate use of these medications. Objective Gerais Brazil Methods crosssectional cross sectional 38 healthrelated related fields Results 21 21% 23.07%, 2307 23.07% , 23 07 (23.07%) 19.70%, 1970 19.70% 19 70 (19.70%) 18.91%. 1891 18.91% . 18 91 (18.91%) 57%. 57 57% (57%) 37 35 graduation 65 however 77 prescription 68%, 68 68% (68%) 58%, 58 58% (58%) 43.5%, 435 43.5% 43 5 (43.5%) 50%. 50 50% (50%) drugs anxiety Additionally 75 purposes 52% 52 (52% 75.8%. 758 75.8% 8 (75.8%) Conclusion risks interactions Therefore medications 3 2 230 23.07 0 (23.07% 197 19.70 1 7 (19.70% 189 18.91 9 (18.91% (57% 6 (68% (58% 43.5 4 (43.5% (50% (52 75.8 (75.8% 23.0 (23.07 19.7 (19.70 18.9 (18.91 (57 (68 (58 43. (43.5 (50 (5 75. (75.8 23. (23.0 19. (19.7 18. (18.9 (6 (43. ( (75. (23. (19. (18. (43 (75 (23 (19 (18 (4 (7 (2 (1

Resumo Neste ensaio teórico, tem-se como objetivo geral identificar de que formas a aproximação entre a noção de negócio periférico e o pensamento miltoniano pode agregar, no aspecto teórico, ao campo dos estudos organizacionais. Como objetivos específicos, buscou tanto estabelecer aproximações teóricas entre a noção de negócio periférico e o pensamento miltoniano quanto analisar a viabilidade da utilização da noção de “negócio periférico” como base teórica e metodológica para a análise materialista histórico-dialética, ancorada no pensamento miltoniano. Para tanto, recorreu-se a uma triangulação teórica entre a noção de negócio periférico, elaborada por Márcio Sá e demais pesquisadores, bem como à teoria dos dois circuitos urbanos dos países subdesenvolvidos, estruturada por Milton Santos e aportada em noções marxistas. Não há incompatibilidades teóricas entre a noção de negócio periférico e o pensamento miltoniano, e a aproximação entre as perspectivas tende a agregar ao campo dos estudos organizacionais, por possibilitar análises empíricas, com base no materialismo histórico-dialético, sobre como organizações e sujeitos localizados num dos circuitos ou em ambos se relacionam. teórico temse tem organizacionais específicos históricodialética, históricodialética histórico dialética, dialética histórico-dialética recorreuse recorreu pesquisadores subdesenvolvidos marxistas empíricas históricodialético, históricodialético dialético, dialético histórico-dialético relacionam

Abstract In this theoretical essay, the general objective is to identify how the approximation between the notion of peripheral business and the Miltonian thought can add, in the theoretical aspect, to the field of organizational studies. The specific objectives are to establish theoretical approximations between the notion of peripheral business and Miltonian thought and to analyze the viability of using the notion of peripheral business as a theoretical and methodological basis for the dialectical historical materialist analysis anchored in Miltonian thought. A theoretical triangulation was carried out between the notion of peripheral business, elaborated by Márcio Sá and other researchers, and the theory of the two urban circuits of underdeveloped countries, structured by Milton Santos and based on Marxist notions. It is pointed out that there are no theoretical incompatibilities between the notion of peripheral business and Miltonian thought, and that the approximation between these perspectives tends to add to the field of organizational studies by enabling the performance of empirical analyses based on dialectical historical materialism about how organizations and subjects located in one or both of the circuits relate to each other. essay aspect researchers countries notions

Resumen En este ensayo teórico, el objetivo general es identificar de qué manera la aproximación entre la noción de negocio periférico y el pensamiento miltoniano puede aportar, en el aspecto teórico, al campo de los estudios organizacionales. Se adoptó como objetivos específicos tanto establecer aproximaciones teóricas entre la noción de negocio periférico y el pensamiento miltoniano como analizar la viabilidad de utilizar la noción de negocio periférico como base teórica y metodológica para el análisis histórico-dialéctico materialista anclado en el pensamiento miltoniano. Para ello, se utiliza una triangulación teórica entre la noción de negocio periférico, elaborada por Márcio Sá y otros investigadores, y la teoría de los dos circuitos urbanos de los países subdesarrollados, estructurada por Milton Santos y basada en nociones marxistas. Se señala que no existen incompatibilidades teóricas entre la noción de negocio periférico y el pensamiento miltoniano, y también que la aproximación entre las perspectivas tiende a enriquecer el campo de los estudios organizacionales al posibilitar la realización de análisis empíricos, basados en el materialismo histórico dialéctico, sobre cómo se relacionan organizaciones y sujetos ubicados en uno de los circuitos, o en ambos. teórico aportar históricodialéctico dialéctico ello investigadores subdesarrollados marxistas empíricos ambos

RESUMO (Borboletas e mariposas (Lepidoptera) da Ilha do Cardoso, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil). O presente trabalho apresenta uma lista preliminar das espécies de borboletas e mariposas (Lepidoptera) da Ilha do Cardoso, no Município de Cananéia, no sul do Estado de São Paulo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista conta com 245 espécies de borboletas registradas, sendo 118 Hesperiidae, 78 Nymphalidae, 19 Lycaenidae, 17 Riodinidae, 9 Pieridae e 4 Papilionidae. Além dessas, 15 espécies de mariposas diurnas foram registradas até o momento. Baseado em comparações com listas de localidades próximas, a lista pode passar das 500 espécies de borboletas com um maior esforço amostral. Mesmo com uma lista relativamente preliminar, com base em alguns subgrupos mais bem amostrados, a região da Ilha do Cardoso mostra uma fauna típica da região costeira entre os Estados de São Paulo e Santa Catarina. Levando-se em conta que a diversidade de borboletas e mariposas deve ser espelhada por outros grupos de insetos, vertebrados e plantas, a Ilha do Cardoso tem enorme importância na preservação da biodiversidade da região sul do Estado de São Paulo. Borboletas Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Brasil . Brasil) Cananéia 24 11 Hesperiidae 7 Nymphalidae 1 Lycaenidae Riodinidae Papilionidae dessas momento próximas 50 amostral amostrados Catarina Levandose Levando se insetos plantas 2 5

ABSTRACT (Butterfly and moths (Lepidoptera) from Ilha do Cardoso, São Paulo State, Brazil). The present paper presents a preliminary list of species of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) from the Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia Municipality, in the south of the State of São Paulo, SE Brazil. The list has 245 recorded butterfly species, 118 Hesperiidae, 78 Nymphalidae, 19 Lycaenidae, 17 Riodinidae, 9 Pieridae and 4 Papilionidae. In addition to these, 15 species of diurnal moths have been recorded so far. Based on comparisons with lists from nearby locations, the list could exceed 500 butterfly species with greater sampling effort. Even with a relatively preliminary list, based on some better-sampled subgroups, the Cardoso Island region shows a fauna typical of the coastal region between the States of São Paulo and Santa Catarina. Taking into account that the diversity of butterflies and moths must be mirrored by other groups of insects, vertebrates, and plants, the “Ilha do Cardoso” has enormous importance in preserving the biodiversity of the southern region of São Paulo State. Butterfly Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Brazil . Brazil) Municipality 24 11 Hesperiidae 7 Nymphalidae 1 Lycaenidae Riodinidae Papilionidae these far locations 50 effort bettersampled better sampled subgroups Catarina insects vertebrates plants 2 5

ABSTRACT This article provides a detailed look at how cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), and hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW or CL-20) are currently being used for energy purposes in both civilian and military environments around the world. It highlights the significance of monitoring and prospecting for new technologies to promote innovation in developed and developing countries. This research was carried out by systematically analyzing nonpatent documents and patents from reputable databases such as Scopus, Derwent, and Espacenet. The report recognizes patent documentation as a valuable source of technical information and explores how analyzing patents can provide insights into using and developing high-performance compounds. Moreover, the article discusses the versatile applications of RDX, HMX, and CL-20, which are highly explosive substances that have found uses in multiple sectors. It delves into these materials’ chemical composition, structure, and importance in military and industrial contexts. The research methodology involved thoroughly searching and filtering documents from databases, focusing on titles, abstracts, and keywords. The results show the annual growth of publications related to the three explosive compounds and highlight the main research fields associated with each fabric. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into using and developing powerful compounds. It emphasizes the importance of technological monitoring and patent analysis in shaping strategic decision-making and fostering innovation. It is a foundation for further research and exploration of energetic materials and their applications. RDX , (RDX) cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine HMX (HMX) HNIW CL20 CL 20 CL-20 world countries Scopus Derwent Espacenet highperformance high performance Moreover CL20, 20, sectors composition structure contexts titles abstracts keywords fabric Overall decisionmaking decision making (RDX (HMX CL2 2 CL-2 CL-

RESUMO O míldio é umas das principais doenças foliares que acomete o meloeiro durante o período chuvoso na região Nordeste do Brasil. O silício (Si) tem se destacado como um método alternativo para o controle de patógenos tanto por constituir barreira físicas, como na ativação de mecanismos de defesa da planta. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a severidade de míldio em meloeiro durante período chuvoso com aplicações foliares de Si. Durante as chuvas, nos meses de maio a julho de 2022 realizaram-se duas pulverizações de silicato de potássio (12% de Si e 15% de potássio) nas doses de 0; 0,25; 0,50; 1,0 e 2,0 L ha-1, com quatro repetições por dose. Realizaram-se avaliações da severidade do míldio em escalas de notas, índices de clorofila e fluorescência transiente da clorofila a (OJIP). A dose de 2,0 L ha-1 proporcionou melhores resultados retardando o desenvolvimento do patógeno em folhas com incidência da doença. Houve diminuição na severidade da doença de até 68,27%, além do aumento nos índices de clorofila a, b e total, em 8,21%, 13,86% e 9,72%, respectivamente. Além disso, o Si promoveu alterações benéficas nos parâmetros do teste OJIP: ABS/RC; TR0/RC; ET0/RC; ABS/CS0 e TR0/CS0. Durante períodos de alta intensidade de chuvas e temperaturas amenas, a aplicação de Si em meloeiro reduz a severidade do míldio e protege as clorofilas, resultando em maior absorção (ABS), armazenamento (TR0) e transporte de elétrons (ET0). Brasil (Si físicas planta Assim objetivouse objetivou 202 realizaramse realizaram 12% 12 (12 15 0 0,25 025 25 0,50 050 50 10 1 1, 20 2 2, ha1, ha1 ha Realizaramse Realizaram notas OJIP. OJIP . (OJIP) ha- 6827 68 27 68,27% total 821 8 21 8,21% 1386 13 86 13,86 972 9 72 9,72% respectivamente disso ABS/RC ABSRC ABS RC TR0/RC TR0RC TRRC TR0 TR ET0/RC ET0RC ETRC ET0 ET ABSCS0 ABSCS CS0 CS ABS/CS TR0CS0 TRCS TR0/CS0 amenas clorofilas ABS, , (ABS) (TR0 ET0. (ET0) (1 0,2 02 0,5 05 5 (OJIP 682 6 68,27 82 8,21 138 13,8 97 7 9,72 TR0CS TR0/CS (ABS (TR (ET0 ( 0, 68,2 8,2 13, 9,7 (ET 68, 8, 9,

ABSTRACT Downy mildew is one of the main foliar diseases affecting melon plants during the rainy season in the Northeast region of Brazil. Silicon (Si) application has emerged as an alternative method for pathogen control, forming physical barriers and activating defense mechanisms in plants. The objective of this study was to reduce the severity of downy mildew in melon plants during the rainy season through foliar application of Si. The treatments consisted of five rates (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 L ha-1) of potassium silicate (12% Si and 15% potassium) applied from May to July 2022, with four replications. Disease severity was assessed using rating scales, chlorophyll contents, and transient chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP). The rate of 2 L ha-1 resulted in the best results by delaying pathogen development in leaves with disease incidence. Disease severity decreased to 68.27% and chlorophyll a, b, and total increased by 8.21%, 13.86%, and 9.72%, respectively. Si application resulted in beneficial changes in the following OJIP test parameters: ABS/RC, TR0/RC, ET0/RC, ABS/CS0, and TR0/CS0. During periods of high rainfall intensity and mild temperatures, Si application to melon plants reduces downy mildew severity and protects chlorophylls, enhancing the absorption flux (ABS) and electron storage (TR0) and transport (ET0). Brazil (Si control 0, 0 (0 025 25 0.25 05 5 0.5 1 ha1 ha 12% 12 (12 15 2022 replications scales contents OJIP. . (OJIP) ha- incidence 6827 68 27 68.27 b 821 8 21 8.21% 1386 13 86 13.86% 972 9 72 9.72% respectively parameters ABSRC ABS RC ABS/RC TR0RC TRRC TR0 TR TR0/RC ET0RC ETRC ET0 ET ET0/RC ABSCS0 ABSCS CS0 CS ABS/CS0 TR0CS0 TRCS TR0/CS0 temperatures chlorophylls (ABS (TR0 ET0. (ET0) ( 02 0.2 0. (1 202 (OJIP 682 6 68.2 82 8.21 138 13.86 97 7 9.72 ABS/CS TR0CS TR0/CS (TR (ET0 20 68. 8.2 13.8 9.7 (ET 8. 13. 9.

ABSTRACT Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) accounts for most cases of thyroid cancer, and the heterogeneity of DTC requires that management decisions be taken by a multidisciplinary team involving endocrinologists, head and neck surgeons, nuclear medicine physicians, pathologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and medical oncologists. It is important for nonspecialists to recognize and refer patients with DTC who will benefit from a specialized approach. Recent advances in knowledge and changes in management of DTC call for the need to raise awareness on the part of these nonspecialist physicians, including general endocrinologists and medical oncologists at large. We provide an overview of diagnostic and therapeutic principles in DTC, especially those that bear direct implication on day-to-day management of these patients by generalists. Patients with DTC may be broadly categorized as having localized, locally persistent/recurrent, or metastatic disease. Current recommendations for DTC include a three-tiered system that classifies patients with localized disease into low, intermediate, or high risk of persistent or recurrent disease. Risk stratification should be performed at baseline and repeated on an ongoing basis, depending on clinical evolution. One of the overarching goals in the management of DTC is the need to personalize treatment by tailoring its modality and intensity according to ongoing prognostic stratification, evolving knowledge about the disease, and patient characteristics and preference. In metastatic disease that is refractory to radioactive iodine, thyroid tumors are being reclassified into molecular subtypes that better reflect their biological properties and for which molecular alterations can be targeted with specific agents. (DTC cancer surgeons physicians pathologists radiologists approach large daytoday day generalists persistentrecurrent persistent/recurrent threetiered three tiered low intermediate basis evolution preference iodine agents

Resumo Introdução: A cirurgia robótica transoral (TORS) demonstra resultados oncológicos surpreendentes a partir de uma notável precisão, manobrabilidade e visão ampliada, porém nota-se uma lacuna no conhecimento dos cirurgiões quanto a sua eficácia em comparação aos demais métodos terapêuticos. Objetivo: Revisar as indicações, vantagens, desvantagens e complicações da cirurgia robótica transoral para tumores de orofaringe (TORS) em comparação aos demais métodos terapêuticos. Métodos: Revisão integrativa de literatura realizada através das bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar e Cochrane Library dos anos de 2011 a 2022. Foram incluídos no estudo 25 artigos Discussão/Resultados: Evidenciou-se uma redução expressiva de risco de invasão de margens operatórias quando comparada à técnica tradicional aberta (9.5% vs. 19.1%), bem como, redução da recorrência de tumores primários (8.3% vs. 17.8%). A TORS juntamente a microcirurgia transoral à laser (TLM) estão associadas a uma taxa de rastreio primário superior à tonsilectomia lingual aberta (80% vs. 72%). Conclusão: A TORS é uma técnica cirúrgica segura e concisa que possibilita ressecção com margens milimétricas e precisão sobre-humana. Ademais, percebe-se uma necessidade de mais estudos com bases de dados mais robustas a fim de analisar as lacunas ainda presentes quanto aos resultados dos desfechos da TORS a longo prazo.

Abstract Introduction: Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) demonstrates surprising oncological results from remarkable precision, maneuverability and expanded vision, but there is a gap in surgeons' knowledge regarding its effectiveness compared to other therapeutic methods. Objective: To review the indications, advantages, disadvantages and complications of transoral robotic surgery for oropharyngeal tumors (TORS) compared to other therapeutic methods. Methods: Integrative literature review conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases from 2011 to 2022. 25 articles were included in the study Discussion/Results: There was a significant reduction in the risk of margin invasion compared to the traditional open technique (9.5% vs. 19.1%), as well as a reduction in the recurrence of primary tumors (8.3% vs. 17.8%). TORS together with transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) are associated with a higher primary screening rate than open lingual tonsillectomy (80% vs. 72%). Conclusion: TORS is a safe and concise surgical technique that allows resection with millimeter margins and superhuman precision. Furthermore, there is a need for more studies with more robust databases in order to analyze the gaps that are still present regarding the results of TORS outcomes in the long term.

RESUMEN A partir de una revisión de la literatura, este artículo tiene como objetivo abordar el fundamentalismo religioso desde la perspectiva de la teoría freudiana. Se justifica abordar este fenómeno complejo y, actualmente, prestigiado desde diferentes perspectivas epistemológicas -entre las cuales, la psicoanalítica-, visando una comprensión interdisciplinar. El psicoanálisis, desde sus inicios, mostró un interés por el fenómeno religioso, que se convirtió en un tema recurrente a lo largo de la obra de Freud. Dada la expresividad del fundamentalismo religioso actual en la sociedad posmoderna, es oportuno buscar en el pensamiento freudiano aportes teóricos que puedan contribuir a pensar este fenómeno. La investigación desarrollada busca resaltar una característica relevante en los segmentos religiosos fundamentalistas: el poder de los líderes que, como la figura del gran hombre abordada por Freud, son capaces de atraer, influir y movilizar a las masas, incluso llevándolas a posturas de intolerancia y atentado contra la diversidad que constituye la sociedad. Se concluye que el fundamentalismo religioso tiende a persistir y sus diversos resurgimientos demuestran cómo la religión no es inmune a portar, en sí misma, un potencial para desencadenar la pulsión agresiva y destructiva inherente a todo ser humano y a sus diversas formas de asociación.

RESUMO Trabalhado a partir de revisão de literatura, este artigo visa a uma abordagem do fundamentalismo religioso sob a perspectiva da teoria freudiana. Justifica-se abordar esse fenômeno complexo e, atualmente, alardeador sob diversas perspectivas epistemológicas - dentre as quais, a psicanalítica -, objetivando uma compreensão interdisciplinar. A psicanálise, desde seus inícios, manifestou interesse pelo fenômeno religioso, que se tornou tema recorrente ao longo da obra de Freud. Diante da expressividade do atual fundamentalismo religioso na sociedade pós-moderna, faz-se oportuno buscar, no pensamento freudiano, aportes teóricos que possam contribuir para pensar esse fenômeno. A pesquisa desenvolvida busca destacar uma característica relevante nos segmentos religiosos fundamentalistas: o poderio dos líderes que, como a figura do grande homem abordado por Freud, são capazes de atrair, influenciar e mobilizar as massas, levando-as, inclusive, a posturas de intolerância e ataque contra a diversidade que constitui a sociedade. Conclui-se que o fundamentalismo religioso tende a persistir e suas variadas ressurgências demonstram como a religião não é imune a portar, em si, um potencial para o desencadeamento da pulsão agressiva e destrutiva inerente a todos os seres humanos e a suas diversas formas de associarem.

ABSTRACT Based on a literature review, this article aims to approach religious fundamentalism from the perspective of Freudian theory. It is justified to approach this complex and currently boasting phenomenon from different epistemological perspectives - among which, the psychoanalytic one -, aiming at an interdisciplinary understanding. Psychoanalysis, from its beginnings, showed an interest in the religious phenomenon, which became a recurring theme throughout Freud's work. Given the expressiveness of current religious fundamentalism in postmodern society, it is opportune to seek, in Freudian thought, theoretical contributions that can help thinking about this phenomenon. The research developed seeks to highlight a relevant characteristic in fundamentalist religious segments: the power of leaders who, like the figure of the great man approached by Freud, are capable of attracting, influencing and mobilizing the masses, even leading them to postures of intolerance and attack against the diversity that constitutes society. It is concluded that religious fundamentalism tends to persist and its various resurgences demonstrate how religion is not immune to carrying, in itself, a potential for triggering the aggressive and destructive drive inherent to all human beings and to their various ways of associating.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os conhecimentos gerais dos intensivistas pediátricos brasileiros sobre oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea, incluindo evidências de uso, modelo de custeio nacional, indicações e complicações. Métodos: Este estudo foi um inquérito transversal multicêntrico que incluiu 45 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras. Realizou-se inquérito de conveniência com 654 intensivistas quanto aos seus conhecimentos sobre manejo de pacientes em oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea, suas indicações, complicações, custeio e evidências bibliográficas. Resultados: O inquérito abordou questões relativas aos conhecimentos e à experiência dos intensivistas pediátricos sobre oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea, incluindo dois casos clínicos e seis questões facultativas sobre o manejo de pacientes em oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea. Dos 45 centros convidados, 42 (91%) participaram do estudo, e 412 (63%) dos 654 intensivistas pediátricos responderam ao inquérito. A maioria das unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica eram da Região Sudeste do Brasil (59,5%), e os hospitais privados com fins lucrativos representavam 28,6% dos centros participantes. A média de idade dos respondentes era de 41,4 (desvio-padrão de 9,1) anos, e a maioria (77%) era mulher. Apenas 12,4% dos respondentes tinham formação em oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea. Dos hospitais pesquisados, apenas 19% tinham um programa de oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea, e apenas 27% dos intensivistas declararam já ter manejado pacientes em oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea. Apenas 64 médicos (15,5%) responderam a questões específicas sobre o manejo de oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea (mediana 63,4%; oscilando entre 32,8% e 91,9%). Conclusão: A maioria dos intensivistas pediátricos brasileiros demonstrou conhecimentos limitados de oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea, incluindo suas indicações e complicações. A oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea ainda não está amplamente disponível no Brasil, com poucos intensivistas preparados para o manejo de pacientes em oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea e ainda menos intensivistas capazes de reconhecer quando devem encaminhar pacientes para centros de oxigenação por membrana extracorpórea. Objetivo uso nacional complicações Métodos 4 brasileiras Realizouse Realizou se 65 bibliográficas Resultados convidados 91% 91 (91% 41 63% 63 (63% 59,5%, 595 59,5% , 59 5 (59,5%) 286 28 6 28,6 participantes 414 41, desviopadrão desvio padrão 9,1 9 1 anos 77% 77 (77% mulher 124 12 12,4 pesquisados 19 27 15,5% 155 15 (15,5% mediana 63,4% 634 328 32 8 32,8 91,9%. 919 91,9% . 91,9%) Conclusão (91 (63 59,5 (59,5% 2 28, 9, 7 (77 12, 15,5 (15,5 63,4 3 32, 91,9 (9 (6 59, (59,5 (7 15, (15, 63, 91, ( (59, (15 (59 (1 (5

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess Brazilian pediatric intensivists’ general knowledge of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, including evidence for its use, the national funding model, indications, and complications. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional survey including 45 Brazilian pediatric intensive care units. A convenience sample of 654 intensivists was surveyed regarding their knowledge on managing patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, its indications, complications, funding, and literature evidence. Results: The survey addressed questions regarding the knowledge and experience of pediatric intensivists with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, including two clinical cases and 6 optional questions about the management of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Of the 45 invited centers, 42 (91%) participated in the study, and 412 of 654 (63%) pediatric intensivists responded to the survey. Most pediatric intensive care units were from the Southeast region of Brazil (59.5%), and private/for-profit hospitals represented 28.6% of the participating centers. The average age of respondents was 41.4 (standard deviation 9.1) years, and the majority (77%) were women. Only 12.4% of respondents had taken an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation course. Only 19% of surveyed hospitals have an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation program, and only 27% of intensivists reported having already managed patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Specific extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management questions were responded to by only 64 physicians (15.5%), who had a fair/good correct response rate (median 63.4%; range 32.8% to 91.9%). Conclusion: Most Brazilian pediatric intensivists demonstrated limited knowledge regarding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, including its indications and complications. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is not yet widely available in Brazil, with few intensivists prepared to manage patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and even fewer intensivists recognizing when to refer patients to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation centers. Objective use model complications Methods crosssectional cross sectional 4 65 Results centers 91% 91 (91% study 41 63% 63 (63% 59.5%, 595 59.5% , 59 5 (59.5%) private/forprofit privateforprofit private/for profit private 286 28 28.6 414 41. standard 9.1 9 1 years 77% 77 (77% women 124 12 12.4 course 19 program 27 15.5%, 155 15.5% 15 (15.5%) fairgood fair good median 63.4% 634 328 32 8 32.8 91.9%. 919 91.9% . 91.9%) Conclusion (91 (63 59.5 (59.5% forprofit privatefor 2 28. 9. 7 (77 12. 15.5 (15.5% 63.4 3 32. 91.9 (9 (6 59. (59.5 (7 15. (15.5 63. 91. ( (59. (15. (59 (15 (5 (1

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a percepção de alunos dos cursos de Fonoaudiologia e de Pedagogia a respeito de suas experiências e práticas de leitura e escrita de textos pertencentes ao gênero do discurso na esfera acadêmica. Método Pesquisa de caráter quanti-qualitativo, de corte transversal e do tipo analítico. Para o levantamento dos dados, foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas que abrangiam a relação dos alunos com a leitura e com a escrita de textos pertencentes ao gênero acadêmico e as dificuldades enfrentadas no uso desse gênero do discurso. Resultados Muitos alunos supõem que apresentam alguma dificuldade no uso dos gêneros discursivos usados na universidade, o que pode indicar lacunas no trabalho com a linguagem escrita nos níveis de ensino que antecederam sua entrada no Ensino Superior. Alguns discentes referiram que se sentem culpados por não acompanharem, de forma efetiva, as atividades de leitura e de escrita propostas em seus respectivos cursos universitários, subentendendo que isso se deve a um distúrbio inerente aos mesmos. Conclusão Apesar do aumento do número de alunos no Ensino Superior, muitos ainda sentem-se excluídos da vida acadêmica, especialmente, por não usarem, de maneira proficiente, textos próprios deste nível de ensino. Cabe à Universidade e a todos os atores envolvidos na formação superior promoverem ações que considerem o direito a educação de todos os alunos.

ABSTRACT Purpose to analyze the perception of Speech-Therapy and Education undergraduates regarding their experiences and practices in reading and writing texts from academic discourse genres. Methods It´s a mixed crosscut study, with data collected by the application of a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions about students’ relation towards reading and writing of academic texts, their difficulties in the use of these genres and how they cope with such difficulties. Results The results show that a significant number of the students assume that they have some difficulty in reading and writing these discourse genres in academic settings, which may be an indication of gaps in working with reading and writing during previous educational levels. Some of these students even blame themselves for not effectively following the reading and writing proposals in higher education, implying that this is due to an intrinsic disorder. Conclusion The data allow us to state that, despite the increase in the number of students in higher education, many still feel excluded from academic life, especially for not using academic discourse genres in a proficient way. It is the University responsibility, along with all actors involved in higher education, to promote actions that consider the right to education for all students.

RESUMO No setor de florestas plantadas brasileiro, a maioria das espécies utilizadas são do gênero Eucalyptus. Embora o Sul do Brasil tenha clima propicio para espécies do gênero Pinus, o plantio de espécies de Eucalyptus resistentes à geada vem aumentando anualmente. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a densidade básica, as dimensões das fibras e a composição química da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna e Eucalyptus cloeziana. As árvores utilizadas foram provenientes de um plantio experimental de seis anos localizado em Canoinhas, estado de Santa Catarina. Para cada espécie, três árvores foram selecionadas e os discos foram removidos de cada árvore a 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da altura do caule comercial. Para avaliar a qualidade da madeira, a densidade básica, as dimensões das fibras e a composição química foram determinadas comparando-se os valores entre as espécies e entre as alturas no fuste. A maior densidade básica foi a da madeira de E. cloeziana; esta espécie também apresentou o maior comprimento e largura das fibras. E. dunnii apresentou os menores teores de lignina e os maiores teores de holocelulose. O maior teor de lignina foi encontrado na madeira de E. benthamii, E. saligna e E. cloeziana. A relação entre as propriedades da madeira e a altura do fuste não foi relevante. Os resultados destacam a tendência de maiores extrativos serem encontrados nas partes mais altas (100%), e os teores de holocelulose e lignina são similares em todas as alturas. brasileiro Pinus anualmente benthamii cloeziana Canoinhas Catarina 0 0% 25 25% 50 50% 75 100 comercial comparandose comparando se E relevante 100%, , (100%) 2 5 7 10 (100% 1 (100 (10 (1 (

ABSTRACT In the Brazilian planted forest sector, most of the species used are from the genus Eucalyptus. Even though Southern Brazil has a suitable climate for species of the genus Pinus, the planting of frost-resistant Eucalyptus species has been increasing annually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the basic density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna, and Eucalyptus cloeziana woods. The trees used were from a six-year-old experimental plantation located in Canoinhas, state of Santa Catarina. For each species, three trees were selected, and discs were removed from each tree at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the commercial stem height. To evaluate the quality of the wood, the basic wood density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of the wood were determined by comparing the values between species and between the heights in the stem. The highest basic density was that of the wood of E. cloeziana; this species also had the greatest length and width of fibers. E. dunnii had the lowest levels of lignin and the highest levels of holocellulose. The highest lignin content was found in the wood of E. benthamii, E. saligna, and E. cloeziana. The relationship between wood properties and stem height was not relevant. The results highlight the tendency for higher extractives to be found at taller heights (100%), and holocellulose and lignin content are similar at all heights. sector Pinus frostresistant frost resistant annually dimensions benthamii saligna woods sixyearold six year old Canoinhas Catarina selected 0 0% 25 25% 50 50% 75 75% 100 E fibers relevant 100%, , (100%) 2 5 7 10 (100% 1 (100 (10 (1 (

RESUMO Objetivo: Desenvolver e aplicar um questionário eletrônico para avaliação do conhecimento em cirurgia refrativa na população analisada. Métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico a uma população composta de 840 participantes voluntários maiores de 18 anos. Resultados: A média da idade dos participantes foi 37,85 anos, sendo 60,1% do feminino. Dentre os participantes, 20,95% reportaram ter sido submetidos a alguma cirurgia ocular prévia, sendo 73,86% com objetivo refrativo. Entre estes, 73,08% mostraram-se satisfeitos/muito satisfeitos com o resultado. O critério mais importante na escolha de um cirurgião refrativo foi a indicação por um conhecido que realizara a cirurgia (43,81%). Destaca-se que os participantes submetidos à cirurgia refrativa discordaram que “a cirurgia é um procedimento simples e isento de riscos” mais do que as demais pessoas (p=0,0045) e também que “o objetivo principal da cirurgia é ‘zerar’ o grau” (p=0,0252). Conclusão: Nota-se a necessidade de melhorar o conhecimento pré-operatório da população sobre cirurgia refrativa e também de educação continuada para os oftalmologistas. Este estudo fomenta o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas de educação com informações claras e de fácil acesso, que tenham caráter informativo, e não de convencimento. Objetivo analisada Métodos 84 1 anos Resultados 3785 37 85 37,8 601 60 60,1 feminino 2095 20 95 20,95 prévia 7386 73 86 73,86 estes 7308 08 73,08 mostraramse mostraram se satisfeitosmuito muito resultado 43,81%. 4381 43,81% . 43 81 (43,81%) Destacase Destaca riscos p=0,0045 p00045 p 0 0045 (p=0,0045 ‘zerar zerar grau p=0,0252. p00252 p=0,0252 0252 (p=0,0252) Conclusão Notase Nota préoperatório pré operatório oftalmologistas acesso informativo convencimento 8 378 3 37, 6 60, 209 2 9 20,9 738 7 73,8 730 73,0 438 43,81 4 (43,81% p=0,004 p0004 004 (p=0,004 p0025 p=0,025 025 (p=0,0252 20, 73, 43,8 (43,81 p=0,00 p000 00 (p=0,00 p002 p=0,02 02 (p=0,025 43, (43,8 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 (p=0,02 (43, p=0, p0 (p=0, (43 p=0 (p=0 (4 p= (p= ( (p

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and apply an online questionnaire to assess knowledge in Refractive Surgery in the analyzed population. Methods: An online questionnaire was applied to a population composed of 840 volunteer participants over 18 years of age. Results: The mean age of population was 37.85 years, of whom 60.1% were female. 20.95% of the participants reported having undergone previous eye surgery, 73.86% of which had a refractive objective. Among these, 73.08% were satisfied / very satisfied with the result. The most important criterion when choosing a refractive surgeon was the indication by a friend who underwent the procedure (43.81%). It is noteworthy that the participants who underwent refractive surgery disagreed more than the other people that “the surgery is a simple and risk-free procedure” (p = 0.0045) and that “the main objective of the surgery is to “zero” the diopter” (p = 0.0252). Conclusion: It is essential to improve population's preoperative knowledge about Refractive Surgery, as well as continuing education for ophthalmologists. Therefore, this study encourages the development of new education tools with clear and easily accessible information, which should be informative, and not convincing. Objective Methods 84 1 Results 3785 37 85 37.8 601 60 60.1 female 2095 20 95 20.95 7386 73 86 73.86 these 7308 08 73.08 result 43.81%. 4381 43.81% . 43 81 (43.81%) riskfree risk free p 0.0045 00045 0 0045 zero “zero diopter 0.0252. 00252 0.0252 0252 0.0252) Conclusion populations s ophthalmologists Therefore information informative convincing 8 378 3 37. 6 60. 209 2 9 20.9 738 7 73.8 730 73.0 438 43.81 4 (43.81% 0.004 0004 004 0025 0.025 025 20. 73. 43.8 (43.81 0.00 000 00 002 0.02 02 43. (43.8 0.0 (43. 0. (43 (4 (

Abstract Hydrocotyle umbellata L., Araliaceae, is a species that is recommended in Ayurvedic medicine for its effects on the central nervous system, such as anxiolytic and memory-stimulant effects. Despite the medicinal potential of this species, its phytopharmaceutical and technological potential to produce standardized extracts has not been investigated. This study analyzes the influence of spray drying parameters on the contents of the chemical markers (total phenolic, total flavonoid, and hibalactone) and the functional properties of H. umbellata extract. The optimization of drying conditions was performed using a central composite design combined with response surface methodology and desirability function approach. The mathematical models fitted to experimental data indicated that all the evaluated drying parameters significantly influenced the chemical contents. The optimal conditions were: inlet temperature of 120 °C, feed flow rate of 4 mL min-1, and colloidal silicon dioxide:maltodextrin ratio of 16%:4%. Under these conditions, the powder samples had spherical particles and desirable physicochemical and functional properties, such as low water activity and moisture content, good product recovery, reconstitution, and flowability. Thus, spray drying might be a promising technique for processing standardized H. umbellata extracts. L L. Araliaceae system memorystimulant memory stimulant investigated phenolic flavonoid hibalactone H extract approach were 12 C °C min1, min1 min 1, 1 min-1 dioxidemaltodextrin dioxide maltodextrin 16%4%. 164 16% 4%. 16 16%:4% content recovery reconstitution flowability Thus min- 16%4% 4% 16%:4 16%4 16%: