Resumo A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma doença de natureza infecciosa, predominante em países de zonas tropicais. A predição de ocorrência de doenças infecciosas através da modelagem epidemiológica tem se revelado uma importante ferramenta no entendimento de sua dinâmica de ocorrência. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um modelo de previsão da incidência da LV no Maranhão usando o modelo de Média Móvel Integrada Autocorrelacionada Sazonal (SARIMA). Foram coletados os dados mensais de casos de LV através do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) correspondentes ao período de 2001 a 2018. O método de Box-Jenkins foi aplicado para ajustar um modelo de predição SARIMA para incidência geral e por sexo (masculino e feminino) de LV para o período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2023. Durante o período de 216 meses dessa série temporal, foram registrados 10.431 casos de LV no Maranhão, com uma média de 579 casos por ano. Em relação à faixa etária, houve maior registro no público pediátrico (0 a 14 anos). Houve predominância do sexo masculino, com 6437 casos (61,71%). Os valores do teste de Box-Pierce para incidência geral, sexo masculino e feminino reforçados pelos resultados do teste Ljung-Box sugerem que as autocorrelações de resíduos apresentam um comportamento de ruído branco. Para incidência mensal geral e por sexo masculino e feminino, os modelos SARIMA (2,0,0) (2,0,0), (0,1,1) (0,1,1) e (0,1,1) (2, 0, 0) foram os que mais se ajustaram aos dados, respectivamente. O modelo SARIMA se mostrou uma ferramenta adequada de previsão e análise da tendência de incidência da LV no Maranhão. A determinação da variação temporal e sua predição são determinantes no norteamento de medidas de intervenção em saúde.

Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an infectious disease predominant in countries located in the tropics. The prediction of occurrence of infectious diseases through epidemiologic modeling has revealed to be an important tool in the understanding of its occurrence dynamic. The objective of this study was to develop a forecasting model for the incidence of VL in Maranhão using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model (SARIMA). We collected monthly data regarding VL cases from the National Disease Notification System (SINAN) corresponding to the period between 2001 and 2018. The Box-Jenkins method was applied in order to adjust a SARIMA prediction model for VL general incidence and by sex (male or female) for the period between January 2019 and December 2013. For 216 months of this time series, 10,431 cases of VL were notified in Maranhão, with an average of 579 cases per year. With regard to age range, there was a higher incidence among the pediatric public (0 to 14 years of age). There was a predominance in male cases, 6437 (61.71%). The Box-Pierce test figures for overall, male and female genders supported by the results of the Ljung-Box test suggest that the autocorrelations of residual values act as white noise. Regarding monthly occurrences in general and by gender, the SARIMA models (2,0,0) (2,0,0), (0,1,1) (0,1,1) and (0,1,1) (2, 0, 0) were the ones that mostly adjusted to the data respectively. The model SARIMA has proven to be an adequate tool for predicting and analyzing the trends in VL incidence in Maranhão. The time variation determination and its prediction are decisive in providing guidance in health measure intervention.

Resumo No atual contexto de patógenos fúngicos resistentes emergentes tais como Candida albicans e Candida parapsilosis, a descoberta de novos agentes antifúngicos é uma questão urgente. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial antifúngico da 2-cloro-N-fenilacetamida contra cepas clínicas de C. albicans e C. parapsilosis resistentes a fluconazol. A atividade antifúngica da substância foi avaliada in vitro através da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM), concentração fungicida mínima (CFM), ruptura e inibição da formação de biofilme, ensaios de sorbitol e ergosterol, e associação entre esta molécula e antifúngicos comuns, anfotericina B e fluconazol. O produto teste inibiu todas as cepas de C. albicans e C. parapsilosis, com uma CIM variando de 128 a 256 µg.mL-1, e uma CFM de 512-1,024 µg.mL-1. Também inibiu até 92% da formação de biofilme e causou a ruptura de até 87% de biofilme pré-formado. A 2-cloro-N-fenilacetamida não promoveu atividade antifúngica pela ligação ao ergosterol da membrana celular fúngica, tampouco danificou a parede celular. Antagonismo foi observado ao combinar esta substância com anfotericina B e fluconazol. A substância exibiu atividade antifúngica significativa ao inibir tanto as células planctônicas quanto o biofilme das cepas resistentes ao fluconazol. Sua combinação com outros antifúngicos deve ser evitada e seu mecanismo de ação deve ser estabelecido.

Abstract In the current context of emerging drug-resistant fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, discovery of new antifungal agents is an urgent matter. This research aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide against fluconazole-resistant clinical strains of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. The antifungal activity of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide was evaluated in vitro by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), inhibition of biofilm formation and its rupture, sorbitol and ergosterol assays, and association between this molecule and common antifungal drugs, amphotericin B and fluconazole. The test product inhibited all strains of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, with a MIC ranging from 128 to 256 µg.mL-1, and a MFC of 512-1,024 µg.mL-1. It also inhibited up to 92% of biofilm formation and rupture of up to 87% of preformed biofilm. 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide did not promote antifungal activity through binding to cellular membrane ergosterol nor it damages the fungal cell wall. Antagonism was observed when combining this substance with amphotericin B and fluconazole. The substance exhibited significant antifungal activity by inhibiting both planktonic cells and biofilm of fluconazole-resistant strains. Its combination with other antifungals should be avoided and its mechanism of action remains to be established.

Abstract The present research proposed the use of construction and demolition waste (CDW) in adsorption of methylene blue dye in aqueous medium. CDW was studied in its natural form and calcined aiming to improve its properties, both being characterized by different techniques and subjected to adsorption studies. From the kinetic study, it was verified that both systems presented a better fit to the experimental data for the pseudo-second-order model (R2 >0.980). The concentration and temperature variation showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 112.23 mg.g-1 (natural) and 418.6 mg.g-1 (calcined) both for the temperature of 45 ºC. The experimental data fit better with the Langmuir isotherm model, with a correlation coefficient R2 ≥0.960 for both samples. It was observed that both residues presented favorable adsorption mechanisms and effective adsorption parameters, but the calcined sample presented better results, and thinking in a low-cost material, natural sample can be more economically advantageous. In this view, CDW represents a potential and promising alternative for water purification. (CDW medium properties studies study pseudosecondorder pseudo second order R (R >0.980. 0980 >0.980 . 0 980 >0.980) 11223 112 23 112.2 mg.g1 mgg1 mgg mg.g 1 mg g mg.g- (natural 4186 418 6 418. (calcined 4 ºC 0960 960 ≥0.96 samples parameters results lowcost low cost material advantageous view purification 098 >0.98 98 1122 11 2 112. g1 41 096 96 ≥0.9 09 >0.9 9 ≥0. >0. ≥0 >0 ≥ >

Resumo As doenças tropicais negligenciadas (DTN) são doenças infecciosas crônicas que afetam populações de baixa renda (principalmente em climas tropicais e subtropicais), causando morbidade e mortalidade. Este estudo descreveu a epidemiologia da mortalidade por DTNs no estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Brasil evidenciaram 2.642 mortes por DTNs entre 2001 e 2021; 31,13% estavam relacionadas à leishmaniose (principalmente a forma visceral) e 20,82% à hanseníase. Um total de 211 municípios no Maranhão apresentaram mortes por DTNs, com conglomerados espaciais e espaço-temporais de alto risco identificados nas áreas oeste e sul, compreendendo principalmente municípios com alta vulnerabilidade social e baixo desenvolvimento humano. O mapeamento integrado de DTN pode permitir o desenvolvimento de políticas de intervenção pública e é uma estratégia importante para controlar e eliminar DTN nas populações mais afetadas. (DTN subtropicais, subtropicais , subtropicais) 2642 2 642 2.64 200 2021 3113 31 13 31,13 visceral 2082 20 82 20,82 hanseníase 21 espaçotemporais espaço temporais sul humano afetadas 264 64 2.6 202 311 3 1 31,1 208 8 20,8 26 6 2. 31, 20,

Abstract Neglected tropical diseases (NTD) are chronic infectious diseases affecting low-income populations (mainly in tropical and subtropical climates), characterized by high morbidity and low mortality. This study described the epidemiology of mortality from NTDs in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System evidenced 2,642 deaths from NTDs between 2001 and 2021; 31.13% were related to leishmaniasis (mainly the visceral form) and 20.82% to leprosy. A total of 211 municipalities in Maranhão had registered mortality due to NTDs. We identified, high-risk spatial and spatiotemporal conglomerates in the western and southern areas of Maranhão, comprising mostly municipalities with high social vulnerability and low human development. Integrated mapping of NTDs may allow the development of public intervention policies and is an important strategy to control and eliminate NTDs in the most affected populations. NTD (NTD lowincome income mainly climates, climates , climates) Brazil 2642 2 642 2,64 200 2021 3113 31 13 31.13 form 2082 20 82 20.82 leprosy 21 identified highrisk risk 264 64 2,6 202 311 3 1 31.1 208 8 20.8 26 6 2, 31. 20.

Resumo Gomphrena celosioides, conhecida popularmente por perpétua, perpétua brava, bachelor´s button e prostate globe amarahth, é utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de distúrbios do trato urinário e pedra nos rins e para doenças de pele, infecciosas, gastrointestinais e respiratórias. Essa planta é rica em ácidos fenólicos e flavonóides e, portanto, tem potencial para uso na prevenção de câncer. Frente ao exposto, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito carcinogênico do extrato etanólico de G. celosioides (EEGc) em modelo alternativo de Drosophila melanogaster e os efeitos genotóxicos e antigenotóxicos em camundongos Swiss. Em D. melanogaster foi realizado o teste de sobrevivência larval e para a detecção de clones de tumores epiteliais. As concentrações testadas do EEGc foram de 0,96, 1,92, 3,85 e 7,70 mg/mL. Em camundongos Swiss avaliou-se a genotoxicidade e antigenotoxicidade das doses de 100, 1.000 e 2.000 mg/Kg. Os resultados demonstraram que o EEGc na concentração de 7,70 mg/mL reduziu (p<0,05) a sobrevivência larval. No entanto, o EEGc não é carcinogênico e a menor concentração (0,96 mg/mL) preveniu (p<0,05) a ocorrência basal de tumores epiteliais. Nos camundongos o EEGc na maior dose (2.000mg/Kg) aumentou a frequência de lesões genômicas (p<0,05). Porém, nenhuma das doses causou lesões cromossômicas (p>0,05). Quando associado à ciclofosfamida o EEGc foi antigenotóxico (p<0,05). As porcentagens de redução de danos genômicos variaram de 33,39 a 63,23% e de danos cromossômicos de 20,00 a 77,19%. Frente ao exposto, sugere-se que o EEGc não é carcinogênico, tem efeito antigenotóxico e propriedade quimiopreventiva. brava bachelors bachelor s amarahth pele infecciosas respiratórias portanto câncer exposto G (EEGc D epiteliais 096 0 96 0,96 192 1 92 1,92 385 3 85 3,8 770 7 70 7,7 mgmL mg mL avaliouse avaliou se 100 1000 000 1.00 2000 2 2.00 mgKg Kg mg/Kg p<0,05 p005 p 05 (p<0,05 entanto (0,9 2.000mg/Kg 2000mgKg 000mg (2.000mg/Kg p<0,05. . Porém p>0,05. p>0,05 (p>0,05) 3339 33 39 33,3 6323 63 23 63,23 20 00 20,0 7719 77 19 77,19% sugerese sugere quimiopreventiva 09 9 0,9 1,9 38 8 3, 7, 10 1.0 200 2.0 p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 (0, p>0,0 (p>0,05 333 33, 632 6 63,2 20, 771 77,19 0, 1, 1. 2. p<0, p0 (p<0, (0 p>0, (p>0,0 63, 77,1 p<0 (p<0 ( p>0 (p>0, 77, p< (p< p> (p>0 (p (p>

Abstract Gomphrena celosioides, popularly known as perpétua, perpétua brava, bachelor´s button and prostate globe amarahth, is used for the treatment of urinary tract disorders, kidney stones, for skin diseases, infectious diseases, gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions. Rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, this plant has therefore a potential for use in cancer prevention. Given the above, the present research aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic effect of the ethanolic extract of G. celosioides (EEGc) in an alternative model of Drosophila melanogaster and the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects in Swiss mice. The larval survival test and the detection of epithelial tumor clones were performed in D. melanogaster. The tested EEGc concentrations were 0.96, 1.92, 3.85 and 7.70 mg/mL. In Swiss mice, the genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of doses of 100, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/Kg were evaluated. The results showed that EEGc at a concentration of 7.70 mg/mL reduced (p<0.05) larval survival. However, EEGc was not carcinogenic, and the lowest concentration (0.96 mg/mL) prevented (p<0.05) the basal occurrence of epithelial tumors. In mice, EEGc at the highest dose (2,000mg/Kg) increased the frequency of genomic lesions (p<0.05). Yet, none of the doses caused chromosomal lesions (p>0.05). When associated with cyclophosphamide, EEGc was antigenotoxic (p<0.05). The percentages of reduction of genomic damage ranged from 33.39 to 63.23% and of chromosomal damage from 20.00 to 77.19%. In view of the above, it is suggested that EEGc is not carcinogenic, has an antigenotoxic effect and chemopreventive properties. brava bachelors bachelor s amarahth disorders stones diseases conditions flavonoids prevention above G (EEGc mice D 096 0 96 0.96 192 1 92 1.92 385 3 85 3.8 770 7 70 7.7 mgmL mg mL 100 1000 000 1,00 2000 2 2,00 mgKg Kg evaluated p<0.05 p005 p 05 (p<0.05 However (0.9 tumors 2,000mg/Kg 2000mgKg 000mg (2,000mg/Kg p<0.05. . Yet p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) cyclophosphamide 3339 33 39 33.3 6323 63 23 63.23 20 00 20.0 7719 77 19 77.19% properties 09 9 0.9 1.9 38 8 3. 7. 10 1,0 200 2,0 p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 (0. p>0.0 (p>0.05 333 33. 632 6 63.2 20. 771 77.19 0. 1. 1, 2, p<0. p0 (p<0. (0 p>0. (p>0.0 63. 77.1 p<0 (p<0 ( p>0 (p>0. 77. p< (p< p> (p>0 (p (p>

Resumo O desenvolvimento tecnológico de ferramentas que possibilitem a reprodução de diferentes espécies nativas é fundamental para viabilizar iniciativas de conservação ex situ, bem como fornecer meios para produção comercial de peixes ameaçados que, por sua vez, aliviam a pressão pesqueira sobre os estoques selvagens. Peixes migratórios de água doce Neotropicais dependem de indução hormonal para desova em pisciculturas, com métodos caros e de eficiência limitada. Salminus brasiliensis é um dos maiores peixes de água doce Neotropicais, predador de topo piscívoro, admirado na pesca esportiva, muito valorizado no mercado e apreciado na gastronomia. O hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina (GnRH) é uma molécula-chave na reprodução em todos os vertebrados. Os peixes teleósteos possuem dois ou três genes parálogos de GnRH: GnRH1, GnRH2 e GnRH3. Os produtos de expressão gênica dessas isoformas parálogas consistem em um polipeptídeo maior, pré-pró-GnRH, que sofre processamento proteolítico pós-traducional para produzir o hormônio decapeptídeo ativo. Há um interesse crescente na caracterização e compreensão desses neuropeptídeos, devido à sua aplicação prática na reprodução em pisciculturas. Aqui apresentamos a caracterização da sequência codificadora de GnRH1 para o polipeptídeo pré-pŕo-GnRH1 de S. brasiliensis. Uma anotação de montagem genômica foi usada para procurar parálogos de GnRH, com base em dados de transcritos anônimos preditos em um arquivo de anotação gênica. A sequência recuperada para GnRH1 foi então usada como argumento de busca para procura de parálogos não caracterizados de GnRH, a partir de genomas completos de Characiformes depositados no NCBI. A sequência recuperada de S. brasiliensis do gene GnRH1 foi alvo de PCR e submetida ao sequenciamento Sanger, permitindo a sua confirmação. Esta abrange 423 pb (éxon 1: 128 pb; íntron: 161 pb; éxon 2: 134 pb), com janelas abertas de leitura que codificam para 264 e 88 aminoácidos, respectivamente. As diferentes variantes do pré-pró-GnRH (1, 2 e 3) recuperadas dos genomas completos e sequências depositadas de Characiformes no NCBI agruparam-se em três clados distintos, numa árvore de neighbour joining, cada um formando um ramo monofilético e com as sequências de S. brasiliensis aninhadas dentro dos grupos esperados. Aqui observamos uma variação em um sítio proteolítico (GKR→GRR), até então relatado como altamente conservado em vertebrados, que pode potencialmente alterar o sítio de clivagem e modificar a topologia do peptídeo. Este trabalho caracteriza, pela primeira vez, a sequência do gene GnRH1 que codifica para o peptídeo pré-pró-GnRH1, para um membro da ordem Characiformes. Isto ajudará a promover a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de ferramentas para a reprodução em piscicultura e a gestão ambiental de S. brasiliensis e outros peixes migratórios relacionados. situ vez selvagens pisciculturas limitada piscívoro esportiva gastronomia GnRH (GnRH moléculachave molécula chave vertebrados GnRH3 maior prépróGnRH, prépróGnRH pré pró póstraducional pós traducional ativo neuropeptídeos prépŕoGnRH1 prépŕoGnRH pŕo pré-pŕo-GnRH S Sanger confirmação 42 1 12 íntron 16 13 pb, , pb) 26 8 aminoácidos respectivamente 1, (1 3 agruparamse agruparam se distintos joining esperados GKR→GRR, GKRGRR GKR→GRR GKR GRR (GKR→GRR) caracteriza prépróGnRH1, prépróGnRH1 pré-pró-GnRH1 relacionados 4 ( (GKR→GRR

Abstract The technological development of tools that enable the spawning of different native species is paramount to enable ex situ conservation initiatives, as well as providing means for commercial hatchery of threatened fish which, in turn, relieve fisheries pressure over wild stocks. Neotropical migratory freshwater fish depend on hormonal induction for spawning in hatcheries, through expensive methods of limited efficiency. Salminus brasiliensis is one of the largest Neotropical freshwater fish, a piscivorous top-predator, prized in angling, highly valued in the market, and appreciated in gastronomy. Teleost fish have either, two or three GnRH paralogous genes: GnRH1, GnRH2 and the GnRH3. The expression products of these paralogous isoforms consist of a larger prepro-GnRH polypeptide, which undergoes post-translational proteolytic processing to yield the active decapeptide hormone. There is increasing interest in characterizing and understanding these neuropeptides, because of its practical application in hatchery spawning. We present the characterization of GnRH1’s coding sequence for the prepro-GnRH1 polypeptide of S. brasiliensis. An annotation from a genomic assembly was used for searching for GnRH paralogues, based on data from anonymous predicted transcripts. The sequence retrieved for GnRH1 was then used as a query for searching the uncharacterized GnRH paralogues from full genomes of Characiformes deposited at NCBI. The S. brasiliensis GnRH1 gene sequence retrieved was targeted for PCR and submitted to Sanger sequencing, allowing for its confirmation. It spans 423 bp (exon 1: 128 bp; intron: 161 bp; and exon 2: 1134 bp), with open reading frames coding for 264 and 88 amino acids, respectively. The different variants retrieved for the prepro-GnRH (1, 2 and 3) from Characiformes genomes and deposited sequences from NCBI grouped in three distinct clades in a neighbor joining tree, each forming a monophyletic branch and with the S. brasiliensis sequences nested within the expected groups. Here we observed a variation at a proteolytic site (GKR→GRR), reported as highly conserved in vertebrates up to now, that can potentially alter the cleavage site and modify the peptide topology. This work has characterized, for the first time, the sequence of the GnRH1 coding for its prepro-GnRH peptide, for a member of the Charaficormes order. This will help to promote research and development of tools for broodstock spawning and environmental management of S. brasiliensis and related migratory fish. initiatives turn stocks hatcheries efficiency toppredator, toppredator top predator, predator top-predator angling market gastronomy either genes GnRH3 preproGnRH prepro posttranslational post translational hormone neuropeptides GnRH1s GnRHs s preproGnRH1 S transcripts sequencing confirmation 42 1 12 intron 16 113 bp, , bp) 26 8 acids respectively 1, (1 3 tree groups GKR→GRR, GKRGRR GKR→GRR GKR GRR (GKR→GRR) now topology characterized time order 4 11 ( (GKR→GRR

Abstract This paper presents a radiopropagation algorithm based on a Ray Tracing (RT) technique that combines a modified multipath model for constant refractivity gradient profiles and the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD). A novel formulation is proposed by the authors for calculation and ground-reflection analysis of ray paths depending on atmospheric refractivity. The algorithm introduced herein was evaluated in a mixed scenario and in two more realistic case studies, under conditions of constant refractivity gradient and lossy terrain profiles. Pathloss results are obtained and compared with Parabolic Equation (PE) numerical solution results at 2.0 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.4 GHz. In such conditions, the modified radiopropagation multipath algorithm with atmospheric refractivity introduced herein showed satisfactory results. RT (RT UTD. UTD . (UTD) groundreflection ground reflection studies PE (PE 20 2 0 2. 35 3 5 3. 54 4 5. (UTD

Resumo A Hipocontratilidade Detrusora (HD) é uma doença sem um tratamento padrão-ouro na medicina tradicional. Logo, há a necessidade de desenvolvimento de terapias inovadoras. O presente relato apresenta um caso de paciente com HD transplantado duas vezes com 2 x 106 células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do tecido adiposo que obteve melhoras significativas em sua qualidade de vida. Os resultados demonstraram que a terapia celular reduziu o resíduo miccional de 1.800mL para 800mL; a Capacidade Cistométrica Máxima de 800 para 550mL; a complacência de 77 para 36,6mL/cmH2O. A terapia celular também aumentou o fluxo máximo de 3 para 11mL/s; a pressão detrusora de 08 para 35cmH2O; o volume urinado de 267 para 524mL e o índice de contratilidade vesical (BCI) de 23 para 90. O score do International Continence on Incontinence Questionare - Short Form passou de 17 para 8. Diante do exposto, infere-se que o transplante de células-tronco mesenquimais derivadas do tecido adiposo é uma estratégia terapêutica inovadora e eficiente para o tratamento da HD e para melhoria da qualidade de vida de pacientes acometidos por essa doença. (HD padrãoouro padrão ouro tradicional Logo inovadoras 10 célulastronco células tronco 1800mL mL 1 800mL 80 550mL 7 366mLcmH2O mLcmHO 36 6mL cmH2O cmH 36,6mL/cmH2O 11mL/s 11mLs mLs 11mL s 0 35cmH2O cmHO 26 BCI (BCI 90 8 exposto inferese infere se mLcmH 9

Abstract Detrusor hypocontractility (DH) is a disease without a gold standard treatment in traditional medicine. Therefore, there is a need to develop innovative therapies. The present report presents the case of a patient with DH who was transplanted with 2 x 106 adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells twice and achieved significant improvements in their quality of life. The results showed that cell therapy reduced the voiding residue from 1,800 mL to 800 mL, the maximum cystometric capacity from 800 to 550 mL, and bladder compliance from 77 to 36.6 mL/cmH2O. Cell therapy also increased the maximum flow from 3 to 11 mL/s, the detrusor pressure from 08 to 35 cmH2O, the urine volume from 267 to 524 mL and the bladder contractility index (BCI) value from 23 to 90. The International Continence on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form score decreased from 17 to 8. Given the above, it is inferred that the transplantation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells is an innovative and efficient therapeutic strategy for DH treatment and improves the quality of life of patients affected by this disease. (DH medicine Therefore therapies 10 tissuederived tissue derived 1800 1 1,80 80 55 7 366 36 6 36. mLcmH2O mLcmHO cmH2O cmH O mL/cmH2O mLs s mL/s 0 cmHO 26 52 BCI (BCI 90 8 above 180 1,8 5 mLcmH 9 18 1,

This work reports on the properties of GaN films grown by reactive magnetron sputtering onto glass substrate kept at relatively low temperature (400°C), using different RF power applied to the Ga target. Their structural, morphological, vibrational and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force and scanning electron microscopies, Raman spectroscopy and UV-vis spectrophotometry. The films have wurtzite phase with strong preferential orientation in the c-axis direction. Moreover, two clear contributions to the (0002) diffraction peak could be found, indicating the presence of two different morphologies, which were discussed in terms of the formation of an intermediate layer between the substrate and a dominating columnar-like microstructured film. 400°C, 400C C 400°C , 400 (400°C) target structural morphological Xray X ray microscopies UVvis UV vis spectrophotometry caxis c axis direction Moreover 0002 (0002 found morphologies columnarlike columnar like film 40 (400°C 000 (000 4 00 (00 0 (0 (

Resumo Considerado o motor econômico de muitos países, a cultura do café representa um importante componente da cadeia agrícola no Brasil. Os crescentes valores de comercialização, das áreas de plantio e da produtividade da cultura requerem aquisição de mudas de qualidade, que devem receber adequado aporte nutricional através do uso eficiente de fertilizantes. Fertilizantes de liberação lenta e controlada, a exemplo dos organominerais, ganham destaque quando se trata de aumento da eficiência no uso do fósforo, assim como as bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (BPCP) com características solubilizadoras de fosfato. Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes fontes de fertilizantes mineral e organomineral, inoculados e não inoculados com BPCP, sobre parâmetros de qualidade de mudas de café. De forma geral, as fontes de P utilizadas no experimento interferiram positivamente no desenvolvimento das mudas de café. Isso comprova que existe a necessidade de complementação nutricional para um bom desenvolvimento das mudas. Dentre as fontes utilizadas, o organomineral na forma granulada apresentou melhor desempenho nos parâmetros de crescimento e fisiológicos das mudas de café, mostrando ser uma alternativa viável aos fertilizantes comumente utilizados. A adição de BPCP apresentou vantagem significativa para as variáveis de qualidade das mudas. países Brasil comercialização controlada organominerais fósforo (BPCP fosfato geral utilizados

Abstract Considered the economic engine of many countries, the coffee culture represents an important component of the agricultural chain in Brazil. The growing values of commercialization, planting areas, and crop productivity require the acquisition of quality seedlings, which must receive adequate nutritional support through efficient fertilizers. Slow and controlled-release fertilizers, such as organominerals, gain prominence when it comes to increasing efficiency in the use of phosphorus, as well as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) with phosphate solubilizing characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different sources of mineral and organomineral fertilizers, inoculated and non-inoculated with PGPB on the quality parameters of coffee seedlings. In general, the P sources used in the experiment positively interfered with the development of coffee seedlings. This proves that there is a need for nutritional supplementation for the good development of the seedlings. Among the sources used, the organomineral in granulated form showed better performance in coffee seedlings' growth and physiological parameters, proving to be a viable alternative to commonly used fertilizers. The addition of PGPB showed a significant advantage for seedling quality variables. countries Brazil commercialization areas seedlings fertilizers controlledrelease controlled release organominerals phosphorus growthpromoting promoting (PGPB characteristics noninoculated non general variables

Abstract The objective of this research is to verify the relationship between institutional pressures, green logistics activities and impacts on logistics performance. A survey of 56 logistics service providers was conducted. In relation to the data acquired, the return of 138 questionnaires answered by the middle/tactical managers of the 56 logistics service providers in Brazil was received. Institutional pressures were the antecedents capable of explaining the corresponding variation in the green logistics construct (green packaging) in R2=0.3750, green logistics (green transport) in R2=0.3909 and green logistics (green warehousing and buildings) in R2=0.0389. Similarly, all green logistics constructs were able to explain the variation corresponding to a value observed in R2=0.5442 referring to efficiency performance (costs). The results demonstrate the influence of institutional pressures on green logistics activities as well as the impact of green logistics on efficiency performance (costs).

RESUMO O fretamento de veículos para realizar o transporte de funcionários em substituição ao transporte público é uma realidade para diversas empresas. Os benefícios obtidos com essa opção alcançam o conforto dos funcionários e o controle da entrada e saída desses nos diversos turnos de trabalho, o que ajuda no cotidiano de produção da empresa. Assim, planejar adequadamente as rotas para esses veículos também é importante. Neste contexto, este artigo estuda o problema de roteamento de veículos modelado por meio de fluxo de produtos em arcos para propor uma nova modelagem matemática que adiciona um certo controle na quantidade de passageiros entre veículos, no sentido de que cada veículo usado transporta aproximadamente a mesma quantidade de passageiros. Um estudo de caso referente ao transporte fretado de trabalhadores de uma indústria do ramo alimentício na cidade de Itumbiara-GO foi conduzido como forma de validar a viabilidade prática do modelo proposto. Uma série de experimentos computacionais e ajustes de parâmetros foram realizados com o objetivo de investigar o impacto prático de planejar rotas equilibradas em termos da quantidade de passageiros, número de visitas e da distância total percorrida. Estatística descritiva e testes de hipóteses validaram as soluções do modelo matemático proposto para uma parte significativa dos experimentos computacionais.

ABSTRACT Many companies have chosen private commute options over public transportation for employee displacement. The benefits obtained with these options aim at the comfort of the employees and management of the entry and exit time in the different work shifts, helping in the daily production of the companies. Thus, planning suitable routes for the vehicles is also essential. This article studies the vehicle routing problem based on a two-commodity network flow formulation to propose new mathematical modeling that explicitly controls the number of passengers between vehicles, targeting the design of routes with approximately the same number of passengers. To validate the practical feasibility of the proposed model, we solved a case study regarding the private commute transport of workers from the food industry in the city of Itumbiara-Brazil. This paper reports a series of computational experiments with parameter variation to evaluate the practical impact of planning balanced routes regarding the number of passengers, the number of visits, and the total distance traveled. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis tests validated the solutions of the proposed mathematical model for a significant part of the computational experiments.

BACKGROUND Costa Rica has a history of neglecting prevention, control and research of leishmaniasis, including limited understanding on Leishmania species causing human disease across the country and a complete lack of knowledge on the Leishmania RNA virus, described as a factor linked to the worsening and metastasis of leishmanial lesions. OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to describe a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, bearing infection with Leishmaniavirus 1 (LRV1) in Costa Rica, raising the suspicion of imported parasites in the region. METHODS The Leishmania strain was previously identified by routine hsp70 polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in Costa Rica and subsequently characterised by isoenzyme electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing in Brazil. Screening for LRV1 was conducted with a dual RT-PCR approach and sequencing of the fragment obtained. FINDINGS Since 2016 Costa Rica performs Leishmania isolation and typing as part of its epidemiological surveillance activities. Amongst 113 strains typed until 2019, only one was characterised as a L. (V.) guyanensis, corresponding to the first confirmed report of this species in the country. Interestingly, the same strain tested positive for LRV1. Sequencing of the viral orf1 and 2, clustered this sample with other LRV1 genotypes of South American origin, from the Northeast of Brazil and French Guiana. MAIN CONCLUSION The unique characteristics of this finding raised the suspicion that it was not an autochthonous strain. Notwithstanding its presumed origin, this report points to the occurrence of said endosymbiont in Central American Leishmania strains. The possibility of its local dispersion represents one more challenge faced by regional health authorities in preventing and controlling leishmaniasis. prevention virus lesions Viannia (Viannia guyanensis LRV (LRV1 region hsp hsp7 reactionrestriction reaction restriction PCRRFLP PCR RFLP (PCR-RFLP RTPCR RT obtained 201 activities 11 2019 L V. V (V. Interestingly orf 2 origin Guiana (LRV 20 (V

Abstract This work reports the properties of GaN films grown onto c-Si (100) at relatively low substrate temperature (400°C) by reactive magnetron sputtering. The study depicts the effect of working pressure and RF power on the GaN film structural, vibrational and optical properties characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force and scanning electron microscopies, Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Unusual low pressure deposition condition (0.40 Pa) was achieved by using a separated argon inlet directed to the Ga target surface, resulting in improved crystalline quality of the films. In this condition, the preferential crystalline orientation, the surface morphology and the optical gap of the GaN films show a strong dependence on the RF power applied to the Ga target, where low RF power (30-60 W) was responsible for increasing the c-axis orientation and the optical gap, while higher RF power (75-90 W) decreased the overall crystal quality and increased the surface roughness.