The objective of this work was to evaluate the solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus oryzae CCT 7560 of rice bran for the enrichment of proteins and the antioxidant compounds in the fermented biomass. Fermentation was performed in tray bioreactors at 30ºC for 120 h. Protein extraction was done at alkaline pH, followed by precipitation with acetone. Phenolic compounds were extracted with cold methanol. The maximum protein was recovered from after 120 h (26.6%). The content of total phenolic compounds increased during the fermentation and was maximum after 96 h, which inhibited the DPPH radical by 87%. The promising characteristics of the protein and phenolic extracts of the biomass suggested the application in the coating composition for vegetal tissues preservation.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a utilização de películas, à base de compostos proteicos e fenólicos provenientes de farelo de arroz fermentado, em tomates (Lycopersicum esculentum). Foram realizados testes com: glicerol 3% (v/v); glicerol com extrato fenólico e proteico do farelo de arroz (5%); glicerol com extrato fenólico e proteico da biomassa gerada em 96 hours (5%), e um controle (sem a película). Os tomates revestidos foram mantidos à temperatura ambiente durante 28 dias, sendo determinados, a cada 96 horas, os seguintes aspectos: a perda de massa, o pH e a acidez, os sólidos solúveis totais e os carotenoides. A película elaborada com os extratos da biomassa reduziu os níveis de carotenoides e acidez dos frutos estudados em 17 e 21,1%, respectivamente, em relação ao controle. A película também foi eficiente como barreira ao vapor de água; assim, com perda de massa 57% inferior à do controle, sugere-se que esta poderá ser utilizada como alternativa para conservação desse tecido vegetal.

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of protein-phenolic based coating made from fermented rice bran on cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum). Tests were performed with glycerol 3% (v/v), glycerol with protein-phenolic rice bran extract (5%), glycerol with protein-phenolic extract after 96 hours of fermentation (5%), and a control (without coating). The coated cherry tomatoes were kept at room temperature for 28 days. Mass loss, pH and acidity, total soluble solids, and carotenoids were determined every 96 hours. The coating made from the biomass extract reduced the carotenoid and acidity levels in the fruits studied by 17 and 21.1%, respectively, compared to the control. The coating proved an efficient barrier to water vapor with mass loss of 57% less than the control suggesting that it can be used as an alternative for vegetable tissue conservation.

Este trabalho investigou o conteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante em farelo de arroz fermentado, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da fermentação em estado sólido nessas propriedades. O processo foi realizado com o fungo Rhizopus oryzae CTT 1217 em reatores de bandeja a 30 °C por 120 horas. Amostras de farelo de arroz fermentado foram coletadas a cada 24 horas. A capacidade antioxidante foi avaliada pelo método do sequestro do radical livre difenil-1-picrilhidrazil e também por meio da inibição da oxidação enzimática e da peroxidação lipídica do óleo de oliva. O extrato metanólico produzido com a biomassa de 96 horas sequestrou 50% do radical livre em 15 minutos. O mesmo extrato reduziu o índice de peróxido no óleo em 57% após 30 dias de armazenamento. O extrato aquoso obtido da biomassa de 120 horas foi o inibidor mais eficiente da reação de escurecimento enzimático catalisada pela peroxidase.

This study investigated the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in fermented rice bran in order to evaluate the effect of solid state fermentation on these properties. The process was performed with the fungus Rhizopus oryzae CTT 1217 in tray reactors at 30 °C for 120 hours. Samples of fermented rice bran were collected every 24 hours. Antioxidant property was evaluated by the diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging method and through the inhibition of enzymatic oxidation and lipid peroxidation of olive oil. The methanol extract of the biomass obtained at 96 hours of fermentation inactivated 50% of free radical in 15 minutes. The same extract reduced the peroxide value in the olive oil by 57% after 30 days of storage. The aqueous extract of the biomass obtained at 120 hours was the most efficient inhibitor of the darkening reaction catalyzed by peroxidase.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relacionar os níveis de fenóis totais em cebola, farelo de arroz e microalga Chlorella phyrenoidosa com a atividade antifúngica testada contra o fungo Rhyzopus oryzae. Os compostos fenólicos da cebola foram extraídos em três sistemas solventes: aquoso, metanólico e com acetato de etila, os do farelo de arroz e da microalga Chlorellaphyrenoidosa extraídos com metanol. Os extratos foram quantificados colorimetricamente com reagente de Folin-Ciocalteau. O método para avaliar a atividade antifúngica empregou a técnica de Ágar diluído. O Rhyzopus oryzae teve seu desenvolvimento inibido em presença de extratos metanólico e acetoetílicos de cebola e metanólico de farelo de arroz, que continham as concentrações de compostos fenólicos testadas, 86; 2,6; e 46 µg fenóis.mL-1meio, respectivamente. O extrato aquoso de cebola e metanólico de Chlorella phyrenoidosa não inibiram o crescimento fúngico em nenhuma das concentrações fenólicas testadas.

The objective of this work was to relate the levels of total phenolic in onion, rice bran, and Chlorellaphyrenoidosa with the antifungal activity tested against the fungus Rhyzopus oryzae. The phenolic compounds of onion were extracted in three solvent systems: aqueous, methanolic, and with ethila acetate, whereas the phenolic compounds of rice bran and Chlorella phyrenoidosa were extracted with methanol. The extracts were quantified with the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The method to evaluate the antifungal activity employed was the diluted Ágar technique. The Rhyzopus oryzae had its development inhibited in the presence of onion methanolic and aceto-ethylic extracts and rice bran methanolic extracts at the following phenolic concentrations, 86; 2.6, and 46 µg phenolic.mL-1agar, respectively. The aqueous extracts from onion and the methanolic extract from Chlorellaphyrenoidosa did not inhibit fungal growth under the phenolic concentrations tested.