Open bite is defined as a deficiency in normal vertical contact between antagonist teeth and may manifest in a limited region, or more rarely throughout the entire dental arch. If the lack of contact between teeth is located in the incisor and/or canine region when occlusion is in centric relation, it is called anterior open bite (AOB). Some studies have demonstrated that AOB is strongly associated with non-nutritional sucking habit. This article relates the treatment of a female African-Brazilian patient, with 20 years and 7 months of age, who presented Angle's Class II, division 1 malocclusion, AOB, accentuated overjet, lingual interposition during swallowing and difficulty with pronouncing some phonemes. Orthodontic treatment began by mounting an Edgewise Standard fixed appliance system, with a fixed palatal crib appliance and extraction of maxillary first premolars. This case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Facial Orthopedics (BBO), as part of the requisites to become a BBO Diplomate.

OBJETIVO: o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento e o índice de remanescente de adesivo (IRA) dos compósitos Eagle Bond e Orthobond em superfície de esmalte condicionada com Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer. MÉTODOS: foram utilizados 75 incisivos inferiores permanentes bovinos divididos em cinco grupos (n=15). Nos grupos 1, 2 e 4, as colagens foram realizadas com Transbond XT, Orthobond e Eagle Bond, respectivamente, seguindo as recomendações dos fabricantes. Nos grupos 3 e 4, antes da colagem com o Orthobond e o Eagle Bond, respectivamente, a superfície dentária foi condicionada com o ácido-primer Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer. Após a colagem, realizou-se o ensaio de cisalhamento de toda amostra à velocidade de 0,5mm/min em máquina Instron de ensaios mecânicos. RESULTADOS:os resultados (em MPa) mostraram não haver diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos 1, 2, 3 e 5 (p>0,05). Entretanto, esses grupos foram estatisticamente superiores ao grupo 4 (p<0,05). Os resultados do IRA (Índice de Remanescente de Adesivo) evidenciaram maior número de fraturas na interface braquete/compósito nos grupos 1, 2, 3 e 5.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) between the composites Eagle Bond and Orthobond bonded to an enamel surface conditioned with Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer. METHODS: Seventy-five bovine permanent mandibular incisors, divided into five groups (n=15) were used. In Groups 1, 2 and 4, the bonds were performed with Transbond XT, Orthobond and Eagle Bond respectively, in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. In Groups 3 and 4, before bonding with Orthobond and Eagle Bond, respectively, the tooth surface was conditioned with the acid primer Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer. After bonding the shear test was performed for all samples at a speed of 0.5 mm per minute in an Instron mechanical test machine. RESULTS: The results (MPa) showed that there were no statistically significant differences among Groups 1, 2, 3 and 5 (p>0.05). However, these groups were statistically superior to Group 4 (p<0.05). The ARI results showed a higher number of fractures at the bracket/composite interface in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 5.

OBJETIVO: avaliar a topografia do esmalte dentário após a descolagem de braquetes cerâmicos Allure (GAC/Dentsply) através de dois diferentes métodos. METODOLOGIA: foram utilizados 20 incisivos inferiores permanentes bovinos divididos em dois grupos (n = 10). Em ambos os grupos foram feitas colagens de braquetes cerâmicos Allure utilizando-se Concise (3M Unitek) seguindo as recomendações do fabricante. Após a colagem, os espécimes foram mantidos em estufa, a 37°C por 24 horas, para completa polimerização do compósito. Após isso foi realizada a remoção dos braquetes, sendo que no grupo A foi utilizado alicate de corte de amarrilho e no grupo B alicate tipo How em braquete previamente fragilizado com broca diamantada. Em ambos os grupos o remanescente de compósito foi removido com broca de carboneto de tungstênio. Após descolagem, os espécimes foram preparados para análise em microscopia eletrônica de varredura, para posterior análise da superfície do esmalte. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: os resultados mostraram maior quantidade de arranhões nos dentes do grupo A, esses resultados foram estatisticamente superiores ao grupo B com p < 0,05. Dessa maneira, verificou-se que o uso do alicate tipo How em braquete previamente fragilizado produziu menores arranhões à superfície de esmalte, indicando-o para uso clínico.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the topography of the tooth enamel after debonding Allure ceramic brackets using two different methods. METHODS: Twenty bovine permanent lower incisors were divided into two groups (n = 10). In groups A and B Allure ceramic brackets were bonded to the teeth using Concise composite according to manufacture’s recommendations. After the bonding procedures, the samples were kept in stove at 37ºC for 24 hours for complete composite polymerization. Next, the brackets of group A were removed by using wire pliers, whereas the brackets of group B, which had been previously weakened with diamond drill, were debonded by using How-type pliers. In both groups the composite remnant was removed by using a tungsten carbide-tipped drill. Following the debonding procedures, the samples were prepared for scanning electronic microscopy so that their enamel surfaces could be analyzed. RESULTS AND COCLUSION: showing more scratch marks on the surfaces of the group A teeth were statistically superior to those found in group B (p < 0.05). Therefore, it was observed that the use of How-type pliers for debonding pre-weakened brackets caused less scratches on the enamel surface, which supports their clinical use.

OBJETIVO: avaliar cefalometricamente as alterações ântero-posteriores e verticais em pacientes Classe II esquelética (ANB > 5°), tratados com aparelho extrabucal cervical (grupo 1) associado a aparelho fixo do tipo Edgewise ou tratados com aparelho extrabucal de tração combinada (grupo 2) associado ao mesmo. METODOLOGIA: a amostra consistiu-se de 60 radiografias cefalométricas laterais obtidas nas fases pré-tratamento e pós-tratamento de 30 indivíduos leucodermas, sendo 13 do gênero masculino e 17 do feminino. A idade média dos 15 pacientes do grupo 1, no pré-tratamento, era de 10 anos e 7 meses, e no pós-tratamento era de 13 anos e 9 meses. Os 15 pacientes do grupo 2 apresentavam idade média, no pré-tratamento, de 11 anos e 5 meses e no pós-tratamento a idade média era de 14 anos e 9 meses. As medidas cefalométricas iniciais e finais foram analisadas e comparadas pelo teste t de Student. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: não houve alteração significante no padrão de crescimento facial durante o tratamento em nenhum dos grupos avaliados. Nos pacientes do grupo 2, que possuíam tendência de crescimento vertical (GoGn-SN> 36°), o aparelho extrabucal de tração combinada, mesmo não provocando efeito extrusivo sobre os molares superiores, não foi capaz de diminuir o ângulo do plano mandibular. A maxila apresentou uma restrição no seu deslocamento anterior e verticalmente manteve-se estável. A mandíbula expressou seu crescimento e deslocou-se anteriormente, porém manteve sua inclinação inalterada. A relação maxilomandibular apresentou uma melhora significante com redução sensível do ANB.

AIM: To evaluate the antero-posterior and vertical changes in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusions (ANB > 5º) by means of the cephalometry. The patients had been treated with either cervical traction device (Group 1) or combined traction device (Group 2) both in association with a Edgewise-type device. METHODS: The sample consisted of 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs of 30 Caucasian individuals, 13 males and 17 females, obtained during both pre-treatment and post-treatment phases. The 15 patients of Group 1 had mean ages of 10 years and 7 months in the pre-treatment and 13 years and 9 months in the post-treatment. The other 15 patients of Group 2 had mean ages of 11 years and 5 months in the pre-treatment and 14 years and 9 months in the post-treatment. The cephalometric measures obtained in the beginning as well as in the end of the treatment were analysed and compared by using the Student's t test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No significant changes regarding the facial growth pattern during the treatment in both groups. In Group 2, whose patients had a tendency of vertical growth (GoGn-SN> 36°), the extraoral combined traction device was not capable of reducing the mandibular plane angle despite of causing no extrusive effect on the upper molars. The anterior movement of the maxilla was restricted, whereas the vertical movement was stable in both groups studied. Although growth and anterior movement of the mandible were observed, the mandibular inclination was unchanged. The maxillary-mandibular relationship was shown to be significantly improved in both groups, with a perceptible reduction of the ANB measure.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the shear bond strength to enamel and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) of both metallic and polycarbonate brackets bonded under different conditions. Ninety bovine permanent mandibular incisors were embedded in acrylic resin using PVC rings as molds and assigned to 6 groups (n=15). In Groups 1 (control) and 3, metallic and polycarbonate orthodontic brackets were, respectively, bonded to the enamel surfaces using Transbond XT composite according to the manufacturer's recommendations. In Groups 2 and 4, both types of brackets were bonded to enamel with Transbond XT composite, but XT primer was replaced by the OrthoPrimer agent. In Groups 5 and 6, the polycarbonate bracket bases were sandblasted with 50-mm aluminum-oxide particle stream and bonded to the enamel surfaces prepared under the same conditions described in Groups 3 and 4, respectively. After bonding, the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 hours and then submitted to shear bond strength test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results (MPa) showed no statistically significant difference between Groups 4 and 6 (p>0.05). Likewise, no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found among Groups 1, 2, and 5, although their results were significantly lower than those of Groups 4 and 6 (p<0.05). Group 3 had statistically significant lower bond strength than Groups 2, 4, and 6, but no statistically significant differences were found on comparison to Groups 1 and 5. A larger number of fractures at the bracket/composite interface were evidenced by the ARI scores. OrthoPrimer bonding agent yielded higher bond strength in the groups using either conventional or sandblasted polycarbonate brackets, which was not observed in the groups using metallic brackets.

OBJETIVO: comparar a resistência ao cisalhamento da colagem e o Índice de Remanescente Adesivo (IRA) entre os compósitos Concise e Fill Magic Orthodontic. METODOLOGIA: a amostra consistiu de 24 incisivos inferiores permanentes bovinos divididos em dois grupos. No primeiro grupo foram colados 12 braquetes com o compósito Concise e no segundo grupo 12 com o compósito Fill Magic Orthodontic. Foi feito o ensaio de cisalhamento e a avaliação do IRA de toda a amostra. RESULTADO E CONCLUSÃO: não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas significantes entre as colagens, nos dois itens avaliados.

AIM: to compare the shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index (IRA) between the composites Concise and Fill Magic Orthodontic. METHODS: the sample consisted of 24 cattle permanent low incisors divided in two groups. In the first group 12 brackets were bonded with the Concise composite and in the second group 12 with the Fill Magic Orthodontic composite. The tests of the shear and the evaluation of the ARI were developed with the whole sample. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: there were not significant statistic differences between the composites in the two evaluated items.