ABSTRACT Wheat bran (WB), barley flour (BF), rice bran (RB), wheat red dog (WRD) or reduction shorts (WRS) supplementation, as a food supplement (FS, 19%), to mushroom composts having wheat (WS) or rice straw (RS) as basal substrate (BS, 80%) could have contributed to improving the nutritional value and forage quality properties of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). The SMSs from king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) production were evaluated with 2 BS (WS and PS) × 5 FS (WB, BF, RB, WRD, or WRS) factorial arrangement design. The BS × FS interaction significantly affected some of the studied variables (nutrient contents and in vitro true digestibility, relative feed value, and relative forage quality) of the SMSs used to be evaluated as a feedstuff. The BS significantly affected the acid detergent lignin content, digestible dry matter, metabolizable energy, estimated net energy, and total digestible nutrients. In contrast, the FS affected the acid detergent lignin content and net energy lactation value. In conclusion, independent of FS, WS-based SMSs and the BF and WRD supplemented-SMSs independent of BS had higher nutritional value and forage quality properties than other SMSs. Therefore, these SMSs could be exploited post-cultivation as animal feed due to their upgraded properties. WB, WB , (WB) (BF) RB (RB) (WRD WRS (WRS supplementation (FS 19%, 19 19% 19%) WS RS (RS BS, (BS 80% 80 SMS. SMS . (SMS) Pleurotus eryngii PS (WB design nutrient digestibility feedstuff matter nutrients contrast conclusion WSbased based supplementedSMSs supplemented Therefore postcultivation post cultivation (BF (RB 1 8 (SMS

RESUMO Suplementação com farelo de trigo (WB), farinha de cevada (BF), farelo de arroz (RB), trigo red dog (WRD) ou redução short (WRS), como suplemento alimentar (FS, 19%), para compostos de cogumelos contendo trigo (WS) ou palha de arroz (RS) como substrato basal (BS, 80%) poderiam ter contribuído para melhorar o valor nutricional e as propriedades de qualidade da forragem do substrato de cogumelo gasto (SMS). Os SMS da produção de cogumelo ostra (Pleurotus eryngii) foram avaliados com planejamento fatorial 2 BS (WS e PS) × 5 FS (WB, BF, RB, WRD ou WRS). A interação BS × FS afetou significativamente algumas das variáveis estudadas (conteúdo de nutrientes e digestibilidade verdadeira in vitro, valor alimentar relativo e qualidade relativa da forragem) dos SMS utilizados para serem avaliados como alimento. A BS afetou significativamente o teor de lignina detergente ácido, matéria seca digestível, energia metabolizável, energia líquida estimada e nutrientes digestíveis totais. Em contraste, o FS afetou o teor de lignina em detergente ácido e o valor da energia líquida de lactação. Em conclusão, independentemente do FS, os SMS baseados em WS e os SMS suplementados com BF e WRD independentes do BS apresentaram maior valor nutricional e propriedades de qualidade da forragem do que outros SMSs. Portanto, estes SMSs poderiam ser explorados pós-cultivo como ração animal devido às suas propriedades melhoradas. WB, WB , (WB) (BF) RB (RB) (WRD WRS, WRS (WRS) (FS 19%, 19 19% 19%) RS (RS BS, (BS 80% 80 SMS. . (SMS) Pleurotus eryngii PS (WB WRS. WRS) conteúdo vitro alimento digestível metabolizável totais contraste lactação conclusão Portanto póscultivo pós cultivo melhoradas (BF (RB (WRS 1 8 (SMS

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to examine the effects of an alcoholic liquid olive leaf extract (OLE) obtained from fresh leaves on the growth performance, carcass weight, caecal microflora, and some plasma variables, such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in broiler chickens. A total of 375 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into five treatments with five replicate pens (15 birds each) per treatment. The birds were fed either a basal diet with no supplement (control), with 75 (OLE75), 150 (OLE150), 300 (OLE300), and 600 (OLE600) mg kg−1 oleuropein, provided by 0.66, 1.33, 2.65, and 5.32 g kg−1 of the OLE. The dietary supplementation of OLE linearly increased daily body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and carcass weight and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). Although the OLE600 broilers had the highest daily FI among the treatments, there were significant increases in their BWG and improvements in FCR compared with the control, OLE75, and OLE150 birds. The carcass weights of OLE150, OLE300, and OLE600 birds were higher than those of the control group. The OLE600 diet increased the dressing percentage compared with the OLE75, OLE150, and OLE300 diets. The abdominal fat weight and the plasma HDL concentration of the control broilers were lower than those of all OLE birds. All doses of OLE supplementation decreased the caecal E. coli content. A growth-promoting effect is obtained from the dietary supplementation of 600 mg kg−1 oleuropein due to its beneficial effect on growth performance and caecal microflora populations of broilers.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of insoluble granite-grit on growth performance and gut health status of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty 14-day-old broiler chicks were allocated to experimental groups control and grit feeding. Each group included 80 birds divided by four replicates, each consisting of 20 birds, 10 males and 10 females. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, dressing percentage, gut length, abdominal fat pad, and liver, heart, and gizzard weights were determined. Starter diet included 230 g crude protein (CP) kg−1 and 3.15 Mcal metabolizable energy (ME) kg−1 during the days 14 to 21; grower diet included 212 g CP kg−1 and 3.20 Mcal ME kg−1; and finisher diet included 190 g CP kg−1 and 3.20 Mcal ME kg-1. Control birds were fed broiler diets, while grit-fed birds were allowed to consume broiler diets, including 3% insoluble granite-grit. Grit feeding improved the final body weight (2268 vs. 2336 g) with better feed efficiency (2.03 vs. 1.95) and less feed intake (3780 vs. 3764 g). Grit feeding increased gizzard weight (31.63 vs. 48.00 g) without affecting carcass weight (1643 vs. 1708 g), dressing percentage (73.50 vs. 73.60%), liver weight (42.69 vs. 40.69 g), heart weight (12.00 vs. 11.63 g), abdominal fat pad (34.50 vs. 35.38 g), and gut length (229.3 vs. 220.7 cm) of broilers. Grit feeding affects daily gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio positively by increasing gizzard development and health.