ABSTRACT. The forage palm is widely cultivated in semiarid regions. It has a basic chromosome number of x = 11 and polyploids are the main variation. It is propagated via vegetative reproduction, and sexual propagation is rarely used. The objective was to associate the physiological quality of seeds of different cultivars of forage palm with the level of ploidy in the genera Opuntia and Nopalea. The cultivars used were: diploids (2n = 22) ‘F8’, ‘F21’, and ‘IPA Sertânia’; tetraploids (2n = 44) ‘Clone 6 African Elephant Ear’, ‘Mexican Elephant Ear’, and ‘V19’, and octaploids (2n = 88) ‘Round’, ‘Giant’, and ‘IPA Clone 20’. Thousand seed weight, length, diameter, number of seeds per fruit, first count and emergence percentage, shoot and root length, fresh and dry mass, electrical conductivity, and length, width, and fresh and dry weight of cladodes were measured. A nested scheme design was used, with three levels of ploidy and three cultivars within each level. The ploidy level positively influenced the number of seeds per fruit and the physiological quality of the seeds. Cultivars behave differently within the same ploidy level.

O melão pepino Cucumis melo var.Cantalupensis Naud é uma espécie crioula que apresenta alta adaptabilidade às condições edafoclimáticas do semiárido nordestino, servindo como fonte de renda e alimentar. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de melão pepino submetidas à irrigação com águas salinas de 0,012, 2, 4, 6 e 8 dS m-1, na percentagem de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, tempo médio para a germinação, percentagem de plântulas normais fortes, normais fracas e anormais, no comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz, comprimento de plântulas e massa da matéria seca das plântulas. A salinidade da água não interferiu no processo de germinação das sementes de melão pepino, inibiu o crescimento da raiz principal e o comprimento das plântulas irrigadas com águas de salinidade superior a 3,8 e 4,3 dS m-1, respectivamente, e, portanto, superiores ao máximo permitido de 3 dS m-1 na irrigação convencional à maioria das plantas cultivadas.

The Charentais cantaloupe melon Cucumis melo var.Cantalupensis Naud is a creole species that presents high adaptability to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Northeastern semiarid, representing a food and income source. In this context, the purpose hereof was to evaluate the physiological quality of Charentais cantaloupe melon seeds subjected to irrigation with salt waters of 0.012, 2, 4, 6, and 8 dS m-1 in the germination percentage, first germination counting, germination speed rate, average time for germination, percentage of regular strong, regular weak, and abnormal seedlings, in the aerial part length, root length, length of seedlings and seedlings dry matter. The water’s salinity did not interfere in the Charentais cantaloupe melon seed germination process, but inhibited the main root’s and length of irrigated with water salinity over 3.8 and 4.3 dS m-1, respectively, and therefore superior to the maximum allowed of 3 dS m-1 in the conventional irrigation of most of the cultivated plants.