Abstract INTRODUCTION In Brazil, Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila, and B. straminea are intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, the etiological agent of schistosomiasis mansoni. Molluscicide use is recommended by the WHO for controlling the transmission of this parasite. Euphorbia milii latex has shown promising results as an alternative molluscicide. Thus, a natural molluscicide prototype kit based on freeze-dried E. milii latex was developed and evaluated against Biomphalaria spp. METHODS E. milii latex was collected, processed, and lyophilized. Two diluents were defined for freeze-dried latex rehydration, and a prototype kit, called MoluSchall, was produced. A stability test was conducted using prototype kits stored at different temperatures, and a toxicity assay was performed using Danio rerio. Additionally, MoluSchall was tested against B. glabrata under semi-natural conditions according to defined conditions in the laboratory. RESULTS MoluSchall was lethal to three Brazilian snail species while exhibiting low toxicity to D. rerio. Regardless of storage temperature, MoluSchall was stable for 24 months and was effective against B. glabrata under semi-natural conditions, with the same LD100 as observed under laboratory conditions. CONCLUSIONS MoluSchall is a natural, effective, and inexpensive molluscicide with lower environmental toxicity than existing molluscicides. Its production offers a possible alternative strategy for controlling S. mansoni transmission.

Botulismo é uma intoxicação causada pela ingestão das toxinas produzidas pelo Clostridium botulinum, que acomete mamíferos e aves, caracterizando-se por um quadro de paralisia flácida. Neste trabalho, é descrito um caso de botulismo em ganso, ocorrido no município de Santa Luzia, região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Ao exame clínico, o animal apresentava-se com um quadro de paralisia flácida dos músculos do pescoço, das pernas e asas, além de apresentar ainda desprendimento de penas. A necropsia não revelou lesões significativas. Foi colhido o soro do animal e submetido ao teste de soroneutralização em camundongo, que identificou a toxina de C. botulinum tipo C.

Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum, that affects mammals and birds, characterized by a flaceid paralysis. This report describes a case of botulism in a goose in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Clinical examinations showed dropping feathers and flaccid paralysis involving the muscles of the wings, legs and neck. post-mortem examination showed no significant gross or macroscopic lesions C. botulinum type C toxin was demonstrated in the serum of the affected animal through serum neutralization test in mice.

Determinou-se a eficácia de doze vacinas contra clostridioses comercializadas no Brasil que contêm em sua composição Clostridium sordellii, pelo método de desafio em cobaias imunizadas. Como referência dos testes, empregou-se uma bacterina monovalente padrão. Duas vacinas (16,6%), codificadas como T6 e T8, apresentaram resultado igual à bacterina padrão, protegendo todos os animais desafiados. Uma vacina (8,3%), codificada como T10, não atendeu aos requisitos mínimos exigidos no primeiro teste, mas após o reteste foi considerada eficiente. As demais vacinas (75%), codificadas como T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T7, T9, T11 e T12, não foram eficientes.

Twelve commercial vaccines against clostridiosis commercialized in Brazil which have in their composition Clostridium sordellii were evaluated for efficacy. A standard monovalent bacterin was used as a reference test. Two of the tested vaccines (16.6%), codified as T6 and T8, gave the same results as the standard bacterin, protecting all the challenged animals. One vaccine (8.3%), codified as T10, after being retested was considered efficient. The remaining vaccines (75%), codified as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T7, T9, T11 and T12, were considered inefficient.