Background: The concept introduced by enhanced recovery after surgery protocols modifies perioperative traditional care in digestive surgery. The integration of these modern recommendations components during the perioperative period are highly important to ensure less postoperative complications, reduced length of hospital stay and decreased surgical costs. Aims: The aim of this position paper is to emphasize the most important points of a multimodal perioperative care protocol. Methods:  A careful analysis of each recommendation of both ERAS and ACERTO protocols is presented, justifying its inclusion in the recommended multimodal care of digestive surgery patients. Results: Enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) such as ERAS and ACERTO protocols are a cornerstone in modern perioperative care. Nutritional therapy is highly important in digestive surgery and thus both preoperative and postoperative nutrition care are key to ensure less postoperative complications and to reduce the length of hospital stay. The concept of prehabilitation is another key element in ERPs. Management of crystalloid fluids in a perfect balance in vital. Fluid overload may delay the recovery of patients and increase postoperative complications. Abbreviation of preoperative fast for 2h before anesthesia is now accepted by various guidelines of both surgical and anesthesiology societies. Combined with early postoperative refeeding, these prescriptions are not only safe but can also enhance recovery of patients undergoing digestive procedures. Conclusions: This Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery position paper strongly emphasizes that the implementation of ERPs in digestive surgery represents a paradigm shift in perioperative care, transcending traditional practices and embracing an intelligent approach to patient well-being.   Background: The concept introduced by enhanced recovery after surgery protocols modifies perioperative traditional care in digestive surgery. The integration of these modern recommendations components during the perioperative period are highly important to ensure less postoperative complications, reduced length of hospital stay and decreased surgical costs. Aims: The aim of this position paper is to emphasize the most important points of a multimodal perioperative care protocol. Methods:  A careful analysis of each recommendation of both ERAS and ACERTO protocols is presented, justifying its inclusion in the recommended multimodal care of digestive surgery patients. Results: Enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) such as ERAS and ACERTO protocols are a cornerstone in modern perioperative care. Nutritional therapy is highly important in digestive surgery and thus both preoperative and postoperative nutrition care are key to ensure less postoperative complications and to reduce the length of hospital stay. The concept of prehabilitation is another key element in ERPs. Management of crystalloid fluids in a perfect balance in vital. Fluid overload may delay the recovery of patients and increase postoperative complications. Abbreviation of preoperative fast for 2h before anesthesia is now accepted by various guidelines of both surgical and anesthesiology societies. Combined with early postoperative refeeding, these prescriptions are not only safe but can also enhance recovery of patients undergoing digestive procedures. Conclusions: This Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery position paper strongly emphasizes that the implementation of ERPs in digestive surgery represents a paradigm shift in perioperative care, transcending traditional practices and embracing an intelligent approach to patient well-being.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The concept introduced by protocols of enhanced recovery after surgery modifies perioperative traditional care in digestive surgery. The integration of these modern recommendations components during the perioperative period is of great importance to ensure fewer postoperative complications, reduced length of hospital stay, and decreased surgical costs. AIMS: To emphasize the most important points of a multimodal perioperative care protocol. METHODS: Careful analysis of each recommendation of both ERAS and ACERTO protocols, justifying their inclusion in the multimodal care recommended for digestive surgery patients. RESULTS: Enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) such as ERAS and ACERTO protocols are a cornerstone in modern perioperative care. Nutritional therapy is fundamental in digestive surgery, and thus, both preoperative and postoperative nutrition care are key to ensuring fewer postoperative complications and reducing the length of hospital stay. The concept of prehabilitation is another key element in ERPs. The handling of crystalloid fluids in a perfect balance is vital. Fluid overload can delay the recovery of patients and increase postoperative complications. Abbreviation of preoperative fasting for two hours before anesthesia is now accepted by various guidelines of both surgical and anesthesiology societies. Combined with early postoperative refeeding, these prescriptions are not only safe but can also enhance the recovery of patients undergoing digestive procedures. CONCLUSIONS: This position paper from the Brazilian College of Digestive Surgery strongly emphasizes that the implementation of ERPs in digestive surgery represents a paradigm shift in perioperative care, transcending traditional practices and embracing an intelligent approach to patient well-being. BACKGROUND stay costs AIMS protocol METHODS RESULTS (ERPs thus vital societies refeeding procedures CONCLUSIONS wellbeing. wellbeing well being. being well-being

RESUMO RACIONAL: O conceito introduzido pelos protocolos de recuperação após a cirurgia modifica os cuidados perioperatórios tradicionais em cirurgia digestiva. A integração desses componentes modernos de recomendações, durante o período perioperatório, é de grande importância para garantir menos complicações pós-operatórias, redução do tempo de internação hospitalar e diminuição dos custos cirúrgicos. OBJETIVOS: Enfatizar os pontos mais importantes de um protocolo multimodal de cuidados perioperatórios. MÉTODOS: Análise criteriosa de cada recomendação dos protocolos ERAS e ACERTO, justificando sua inclusão no atendimento multimodal recomendado para pacientes de cirurgia digestiva. RESULTADOS: Os programas de recuperação avançada (PRAs), tais como os protocolos ERAS e ACERTO, são a base dos cuidados perioperatórios modernos. A terapia nutricional é de grande importância na cirurgia digestiva e, portanto, tanto os cuidados nutricionais pré-operatórios, quanto pós-operatórios são fundamentais para garantir menos complicações pós-operatórias e reduzir o tempo de internação hospitalar. O conceito de pré-habilitação é outro elemento-chave nos PRAs. O manuseio de fluidos cristalóides em perfeito equilíbrio é vital. A sobrecarga de fluidos pode atrasar a recuperação dos pacientes e aumentar as complicações pós-operatórias. A abreviação do jejum pré-operatório para duas horas antes da anestesia é agora aceita por diversas diretrizes das sociedades cirúrgicas e de anestesiologia. Combinadas com a realimentação pós-operatória precoce, essas prescrições não são apenas seguras, mas também podem melhorar a recuperação de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos digestivos. CONCLUSÕES: Este posicionamento do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva enfatiza fortemente que a implementação de PRAs em cirurgia digestive, representa uma mudança de paradigma no cuidado perioperatório, transcendendo as práticas tradicionais e adotando uma abordagem inteligente para o bem-estar do paciente. RACIONAL recomendações perioperatório pósoperatórias, pósoperatórias pós operatórias, operatórias cirúrgicos OBJETIVOS MÉTODOS ACERTO RESULTADOS PRAs, , (PRAs) portanto préoperatórios, préoperatórios pré operatórios, operatórios pré-operatórios pósoperatórios préhabilitação habilitação elementochave elemento chave vital pósoperatórias. operatórias. préoperatório operatório anestesiologia pósoperatória operatória precoce seguras digestivos CONCLUSÕES digestive bemestar bem estar paciente (PRAs

Abstract This manuscript presents a method to produce sand-polymer bricks motivated by the need to reuse plastic waste and to reduce the embodied energy and carbon footprint associated with manufacturing. The method is designed to be simple: it involves a custom-built apparatus that simultaneously mixes and heats dry sand and recycled polypropylene granules, until the latter melt. The hot mixture is then compressed in a mold until the polymer rehardens, thereby producing a bonded brick upon extrusion. Bricks with 10% and 20% polymer content (i.e., by mass, PCg), were prepared with either a fine sand or a coarse sand. The voids of the PCg = 10% bricks were approximately halfway filled with hardened polymer, whereas the voids of the PCg = 20% bricks were nearly entirely filled. Bricks with PCg = 20% were found to be potential candidates for replacement of fired clay bricks, as these exhibited infiltration levels well below specification thresholds for fired clay bricks and strengths comparable to those reported for fired clay bricks. Furthermore, the embodied energy associated with sand-polymer bricks was calculated to be around a third of that required for fired clay bricks. In addition, the manufacture of sand-polymer bricks requires minutes, whereas that of fired clay bricks requires hours. The results gathered suggest that bricks produced by the proposed method have potential for replacement of fired clay bricks in applications wherein replacement is favorable. sandpolymer manufacturing simple custombuilt custom built granules melt rehardens extrusion 10 20 i.e., ie i e (i.e. mass PCg, , PCg) Furthermore addition minutes hours favorable 1 2 i.e. (i.e i.e

Resumo Este manuscrito apresenta um método para produzir tijolos areia-polímero motivado pela necessidade de reutilizar resíduos plásticos e reduzir a energia incorporada e a pegada de carbono associada à fabricação. O método foi pensado para ser simples: envolve um aparelho customizado que mistura e aquece simultaneamente areia seca e polipropileno granular reciclado, até que estes derretam. A mistura quente é então comprimida num molde até que o polímero endureça novamente, produzindo assim um tijolo conformado após extrusão. Tijolos com teor de polímero de 10% e 20% (isto é, em massa, PCg), foram preparados com areia fina ou areia grossa. Os vazios dos tijolos PCg = 10% foram preenchidos aproximadamente até a metade com polímero endurecido, enquanto os vazios dos tijolos PCg = 20% foram quase totalmente preenchidos. Descobriu-se que os tijolos com PCg = 20% são candidatos potenciais para a substituição dos tijolos de barro cozidos, uma vez que apresentavam níveis de infiltração bem abaixo dos limites de especificação para tijolos de barro cozidos e resistências comparáveis às relatadas para tijolos de barro cozidos. Além disso, a energia incorporada associada aos tijolos areia-polímero foi calculada em cerca de um terço daquela necessária para os tijolos de argila cozidos. Além disso, a fabricação de tijolos areia-polímero leva minutos, enquanto a de tijolos de argila cozida leva horas. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que os tijolos produzidos pelo método proposto têm potencial para substituir os tijolos de barro cozido em aplicações onde a substituição é favorável. areiapolímero simples reciclado derretam novamente extrusão 10 20 isto massa PCg, , PCg) grossa endurecido Descobriuse Descobriu se disso minutos horas favorável 1 2

A study to establish redox and thermodynamic properties of the protein denaturing agents dithiobutylamine (DTBA) and dithiothreitol (DTT) and of the monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab (ATZ), in aqueous electrolytes, with different pH values, under different experimental conditions, was carried out on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The voltammetric study demonstrated that DTBA, as well as DTT, were both susceptible to direct electro-oxidation on the electrode surface. The study established that the oxidation of DTBA and DTT took place in three subsequent steps, the first two occurring in the thiol groups forming a cyclic intermediate. The oxidation mechanisms of DTBA and DTT were postulated and proposed. The results using DPV and SWV clearly demonstrated the spontaneous adsorption of ATZ on the hydrophobic GCE surface and that it undergoes electro-oxidation in amino acid residues of tyrosine and tryptophan, exposed superficially on the three-dimensional structure of the protein and on the electrode. An oxidation mechanism of ATZ was also proposed. (DTBA (DTT ATZ, , (ATZ) electrolytes values conditions GCE, (GCE) CV, CV (CV) (DPV SWV. . (SWV) electrooxidation electro steps intermediate proposed tryptophan threedimensional dimensional (ATZ (GCE (CV (SWV

Resumo Este trabalho é fruto de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, do tipo Estado do Conhecimento. A análise objetivou mapear como a História da Educação Profissional vem sendo abordada nas publicações da Revista Brasileira de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. A busca realizada na base de dados da revista obteve vinte e sete resultados. A análise dos textos realizada a partir dos resumos utilizou como metodologia a Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2011) e Moraes (1999). Concluiu-se que os estudos da História da Educação Profissional, apesar da baixa quantidade, contribuem para a reflexão crítica acerca das práticas almejadas pelas propostas da EPT. bibliográfica Conhecimento Tecnológica resultados 2011 (2011 1999. 1999 . (1999) Concluiuse Concluiu se quantidade EPT 201 (201 199 (1999 20 (20 19 (199 2 (2 1 (19 ( (1

Resumen Este trabajo es el resultado de una investigación bibliográfica del tipo 'Estado del Conocimiento'. El objetivo del análisis fue mapear cómo se aborda la Historia de la Educación Profesional en las publicaciones de la Revista Brasileira de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. La búsqueda realizada en la base de datos de la revista arrojó veintisiete resultados. El análisis de los textos, basado en los resúmenes, utilizó como metodología el Análisis de Contenido de Bardin (2011) y Moraes (1999). Se concluyó que, a pesar de la escasa cantidad, los estudios sobre la Historia de la Educación Profesional contribuyen a la reflexión crítica sobre las prácticas buscadas por las propuestas de la EPT. Estado Conocimiento. Conocimiento . Conocimiento' Tecnológica resultados textos resúmenes 2011 (2011 1999. 1999 (1999) que cantidad EPT 201 (201 199 (1999 20 (20 19 (199 2 (2 1 (19 ( (1

Abstract This work is a bibliographical research, of the type State of Knowledge. The analysis aims to map how the History of Professional Education (PTE) has been approached in the publications of the Revista Brasileira de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica. The search obtained twenty-seven results, and the analysis was performed from the abstracts, using the Content Analysis proposed by Bardin (2011) and Moraes (1999) as methodology. We conclude that the studies of the History of Professional Education, although still in low quantity, are extremely important for a critical reflection on the practices sought by the PTE proposals. research Knowledge (PTE Tecnológica twentyseven twenty seven results abstracts 2011 (2011 1999 (1999 methodology quantity proposals 201 (201 199 (199 20 (20 19 (19 2 (2 1 (1 (

Abstract. Electrochemical oxidation (EO) has been investigated as an alternative treatment technique for the remediation of real textile effluents containing a single dye and a trichromy of Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) and Navy Blue CL-R (NB CL-R) dyes, using a parallel plate flow reactor equipped with Ti/Pt or Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb electrocatalytic materials and Ti as cathode. The influence of the anode material and applied current densities on decolourization, organic matter decrease, cell potential and energy consumption during EO was examined. Higher color removal was achieved with Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb in all treated effluents compared to Ti/Pt at all electrolysis times, due to high oxidant production, especially hydroxyl radicals on their surface. Polymer film formation on the anode surface inhibited chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal during the treatment of a single effluent containing RY 3RS and RR-RR Gran dyes with either anode, whereas COD removal efficiencies of 13.93 % and 30.03 %, and 54.74 % and 74.48 % were obtained for Ti/Pt and Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectively, in treating trichromy effluent after 240 min of electrolysis. Lower energy consumption was required by Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb compared to the Ti/Pt anode. In most of the trials studied, EO enhanced dissolved oxygen (DO) and reduced effluent turbidity, making it safe for disposal in the environment.

Resumen. La oxidación electroquímica (EO) se ha investigado como una técnica de tratamiento alternativa para la remediación de efluentes textiles reales que contienen un solo tinte y una tricromía de Remazol Yellow 3RS (RY 3RS), Remazol Red RR Gran (RR-RR Gran) y Navy Blue CL -R (NB CL-R), utilizando un reactor de flujo de placas paralelas equipado con materiales electrocatalíticos Ti/Pt o Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb y Ti como cátodo. Se examinó la influencia del material del ánodo y las densidades de corriente aplicadas sobre la decoloración, la reducción de materia orgánica, el potencial de celda y el consumo de energía durante la EO. Se logró una mayor remoción de color con Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb en todos los efluentes tratados en comparación con Ti/Pt en todos los tiempos de electrólisis, debido a la alta producción de oxidantes, especialmente radicales hidroxilos en su superficie. La formación de una película de polímero en la superficie del ánodo inhibió la eliminación de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) durante el tratamiento de un solo efluente que contenía colorantes RY 3RS y RR-RR Gran con cualquiera de los ánodos, mientras que las eficiencias de eliminación de DQO del 13,93 % y 30,03 %, y del 54,74 % y Se obtuvo 74,48 % para Ti/Pt y Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb, respectivamente, en el tratamiento de efluentes de tricromía después de 240 min de electrólisis. El Ti/Pt-Sn-Sb requería un menor consumo de energía en comparación con el ánodo de Ti/Pt. En la mayoría de los ensayos estudiados, el EO mejoró el oxígeno disuelto (OD) y redujo la turbidez del efluente, haciéndolo seguro para su eliminación en el medio ambiente.

RACIONAL: Para reduzir o risco de regurgitação durante a anestesia para procedimentos eletivos, os volumes gástricos residuais (VRG) têm sido tradicionalmente minimizados com jejum noturno. O jejum pré-operatório prolongado tem algumas consequências adversas e tem sido abandonado para a maioria dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, com exceção de pacientes obesos e/ou diabéticos. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o VRG em pacientes diabéticos obesos mórbidos após jejum tradicional ou abreviado. MÉTODOS Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, sob o número 179.017/2012. Este é um projeto prospectivo, randomizado e cruzado em 8 pacientes diabéticos tipo II com obesidade mórbida. O VRG foi medido endoscopicamente após jejum noturno tradicional (pelo menos 8 horas) ou após jejum abreviado (6 horas para sólidos e 3 horas para uma bebida contendo água mais 25 g (12,5%) de maltodextrina). Os dados são expressos como média e variação e as diferenças foram comparadas com testes t pareados em p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A população estudada tinha 41,5 (28-53) anos de idade, peso médio de 135 (113-196) kg, índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 48,2 (40-62,4) kg/m2 e diabetes tipo II de 4,5 (1-10) anos. O VRG após o jejum abreviado foi de 21,5 (5-40) ml versus 26,3 (7-65) ml após o jejum tradicional. Essa diferença não foi significativa (p=0,82). CONCLUSÕES:  O esvaziamento gástrico em pacientes diabéticos obesos mórbidos é semelhante após jejum tradicional ou abreviado com uma bebida com carboidrato.

BACKGROUND: To reduce the risk of regurgitation during anesthesia for elective procedures, residual gastric volumes (RGV) have traditionally been minimized with overnight fasting. Prolonged preoperative fasting have some adverse consequences and has been abandoned for most surgical procedures, with the exception of obese and/or diabetic patients.  AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the RGV in  morbidly obese diabetics patients after traditional or abbreviated fasting. METHODS: This study was approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research in Human Beings from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, number 179.017/2012. This is a prospective, randomized, and cross-over design in 8 morbidly obese type II diabetic patients. RGV was measured endoscopically after either traditional overnight fasting (at least 8 hours) or after abbreviated fasting (6 h for solids and 3 hours for a drink containing water plus 25 g (12.5%) of maltodextrin). Data are expressed as mean and range and differences were compared with paired t tests at p<0.05.  RESULTS: The study population was 41.5 (28-53) years old, with a mean weight of 135 (113-196) kg, body mass index (BMI) 48.2 (40-62.4) kg/m2, and having type II diabetes for 4.5 (1-10) years. The RGV after abbreviated fasting was 21.5 (5-40) ml vs 26.3 (7-65) ml after traditional fasting. This difference was not significant (p=0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Gastric emptying in morbidly obese diabetics patients is similar after either traditional or abbreviated fasting with a carbohydrate drink.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia according to five cut-off points for muscle strength and the association with undernutrition in Community dwelling older adults. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study with 321 elderly subjects from community centers in Cuiabá-MT. The main variable was the prevalence of sarcopenia and association with undernutrition. Sarcopenia was diagnosed by low muscle strength (grip strength - GS; kg) according to five cut-off points and low calf circumference (CC; cm). Nutritional status was assessed by mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF®). RESULTS: The median age was 69 (64-74) years, and 24.7% were undernourished. The presence of sarcopenia ranged from 1.6 to 7.6%. This prevalence was lower using EWGSOP2 criteria compared to EWGSOP (p=0.005) and ESCEO and SDOC criteria (p<0.001). The older undernourished adults were almost 3.5 times more likely to have sarcopenia (OR=3.49; p=0.003) when ESCEO criteria was used and almost 2.5 times (OR=2.43; p=0.037) times using SDOC criteria. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of sarcopenia ranged from 1.6 to 7.6%. The older undernourished adults were almost 3.5 (ESCEO) and 2.5 (SDOC) times more likely to have sarcopenia.

The field of medicine has always been at the forefront of technological innovation, constantly seeking new strategies to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases. Guidelines for clinical practice to orientate medical teams regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures have increased over the years. The purpose is to gather the most medical knowledge to construct an orientation for practice. Evidence-based guidelines follow several of the main characteristics of a systematic review, including systematic and unbiased search, selection, and extraction of the source of evidence. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has provided clinicians and patients with access to personalized, data-driven insights, support and new opportunities for healthcare professionals to improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency, and reduce costs. One of the most exciting developments in AI has been the emergence of chatbots. A chatbot is a computer program to simulate conversation with human users. Recently, OpenAI, a research organization focused on machine learning, developed ChatGPT, a large language model that generates human-like text. ChatGPT uses a type of AI known as a deep learning model. ChatGPT can quickly search and select pieces of evidence through numerous databases to provide answers to complex questions, reducing the time and effort required to research a particular topic manually. Consequently, language models can accelerate the creation of clinical practice guidelines. While there is no doubt that ChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered, it is essential to note that it should not be used as a substitute for human healthcare professionals. Instead, ChatGPT should be seen as a tool that can be used to augment and support the work of healthcare professionals, helping them to provide better care to their patients.

A área da medicina sempre esteve na vanguarda da inovação tecnológica, buscando constantemente novas estratégias para diagnosticar, tratar e prevenir doenças. As diretrizes para a prática clínica são para orientar as equipes médicas quanto ao diagnóstico, tratamento e medidas de prevenção aumentaram ao longo dos anos. O objetivo é reunir o máximo de conhecimento médico para construir uma orientação para a prática. As diretrizes baseadas em evidências seguem várias das principais características de uma revisão sistemática, incluindo busca sistemática e imparcial, seleção e extração da fonte de evidência. Nos últimos anos, o rápido avanço da inteligência artificial (IA) forneceu aos médicos e pacientes acesso a informações personalizadas e baseadas em dados, suporte e novas oportunidades para os profissionais de saúde melhorarem os resultados dos pacientes, aumentarem a eficiência e reduzirem custos. Um dos desenvolvimentos mais empolgantes da IA foi o surgimento dos chatbots. Um chatbot é um programa de computador para simular conversas com usuários humanos. Recentemente, a OpenAI, uma organização de pesquisa focada em aprendizado de máquina, desenvolveu o ChatGPT, um grande modelo de linguagem que gera texto semelhante ao humano. O ChatGPT usa um tipo de IA conhecido como modelo de aprendizado profundo. O ChatGPT pode pesquisar e selecionar rapidamente evidências em vários bancos de dados para fornecer respostas a perguntas complexas, reduzindo o tempo e o esforço necessários para pesquisar um tópico específico manualmente. Consequentemente, os modelos de linguagem podem acelerar a criação de diretrizes de prática clínica. Embora não haja dúvida de que o ChatGPT tem potencial para revolucionar a forma como os cuidados de saúde são prestados, é essencial observar que não deve ser usado como substituto de profissionais de saúde humanos. Em vez disso, o ChatGPT deve ser visto como uma ferramenta que pode ser usada para aumentar e apoiar o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde, ajudando-os a prestar melhores cuidados aos seus pacientes.

ABSTRACT The choice of floor type within the animal production system is an important factor, as it is associated with a high incidence of changes in locomotion, hoof injuries and herd disposal, which has led producers to modify the type of flooring for more comfortable, durable and dry materials, such as rubber, however, the raw material makes the investment very high. Because polymeric waste is potentially recyclable and has good thermal and mechanical properties, it is feasible to develop research aimed at characterizing them in order to verify their feasibility of application as flooring for animal production installations. The present research analyzed the combination between the EVA residue and the regenerated rubber from tires, where samples were produced in 4 different concentrations: 0, 25, 50 and 75% of regenerated rubber. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and submitted to tensile, permanent deformation under compression, abrasion and hardness tests. The sample with 75% showed greater softness and less residual deformation, which is a positive effect due to the reduction of stiffness due to the insertion of rubber in the compounds. However, due to the incompatibility of the blends and a significant decline in the mechanical properties, the sample without regenerated rubber has a greater potential for recycling and application for which the research aimed for. It is estimated that the property improvement can be achieved with the use of a compatibilizing agent that favors the adhesion between the materials. factor locomotion disposal comfortable materials however properties installations tires concentrations 0 25 5 75 tensile compression tests compounds However 2 7

RESUMO A escolha do tipo de piso dentro do sistema de produção animal é um fator importante, já que está associado a grande incidência de alterações na locomoção, lesões de cascos e descarte de rebanho, o que tem levado aos produtores modificar o tipo de piso por materiais mais confortáveis, duráveis e secos, como é o caso dos emborrachado, no entanto, a matéria-prima torna o investimento muito alto. Devido os resíduos poliméricos serem potencialmente recicláveis, apresentar boas propriedades térmicas e mecânicas, torna-se viável o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que visem caracteriza-los de modo a verificar sua viabilidade de aplicação como piso para instalação de produção animal. A presente pesquisa analisou a combinação entre o resíduo de EVA e a borracha regenerada oriunda de pneus, onde foram produzidas amostras em 4 diferentes concentrações: 0, 25, 50 e 75% de borracha regenerada. As amostras foram analisadas através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura e submetida a testes de tração, deformação permanente à compressão, abrasão e dureza. A amostra com 75% apresentou maior maciez e menor deformação residual, sendo este um efeito positivo devido a redução da rigidez devido a inserção de borracha aos compostos, no entanto, devido a incompatibilidade das blendas e declínio significativo das propriedades mecânicas analisadas, a amostra sem borracha regenerada apresenta melhor potencial de reciclagem e de aplicação a qual a pesquisa a destina. Estima-se que a melhoria de propriedade pode ser alcançada com uso de agente compatibilizante que favoreça a adesão entre os materiais. importante locomoção rebanho confortáveis secos emborrachado entanto matériaprima matéria prima alto recicláveis tornase se caracterizalos caracteriza los pneus concentrações 0 25 5 75 tração compressão dureza residual compostos destina Estimase Estima 2 7

ABSTRACT The field of medicine has always been at the forefront of technological innovation, constantly seeking new strategies to diagnose, treat, and prevent diseases. Guidelines for clinical practice to orientate medical teams regarding diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures have increased over the years. The purpose is to gather the most medical knowledge to construct an orientation for practice. Evidence-based guidelines follow several main characteristics of a systematic review, including systematic and unbiased search, selection, and extraction of the source of evidence. In recent years, the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has provided clinicians and patients with access to personalized, data-driven insights, support and new opportunities for healthcare professionals to improve patient outcomes, increase efficiency, and reduce costs. One of the most exciting developments in Artificial Intelligence has been the emergence of chatbots. A chatbot is a computer program used to simulate conversations with human users. Recently, OpenAI, a research organization focused on machine learning, developed ChatGPT, a large language model that generates human-like text. ChatGPT uses a type of AI known as a deep learning model. ChatGPT can quickly search and select pieces of evidence through numerous databases to provide answers to complex questions, reducing the time and effort required to research a particular topic manually. Consequently, language models can accelerate the creation of clinical practice guidelines. While there is no doubt that ChatGPT has the potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered, it is essential to note that it should not be used as a substitute for human healthcare professionals. Instead, ChatGPT should be considered a tool that can be used to augment and support the work of healthcare professionals, helping them to provide better care to their patients. innovation diagnose treat diseases diagnosis treatment years Evidencebased Evidence based review selection personalized datadriven data driven insights outcomes efficiency costs chatbots users Recently OpenAI humanlike like text questions manually Consequently delivered Instead

RESUMO A área da medicina sempre esteve na vanguarda da inovação tecnológica, buscando constantemente novas estratégias para diagnosticar, tratar e prevenir doenças. As diretrizes para a prática clínica são para orientar as equipes médicas quanto ao diagnóstico, tratamento e medidas de prevenção aumentaram ao longo dos anos. O objetivo é reunir o máximo de conhecimento médico para construir uma orientação para a prática. As diretrizes baseadas em evidências seguem várias das principais características de uma revisão sistemática, incluindo busca sistemática e imparcial, seleção e extração da fonte de evidência. Nos últimos anos, o rápido avanço da inteligência artificial forneceu aos médicos e pacientes acesso a informações personalizadas e baseadas em dados, suporte e novas oportunidades para os profissionais de saúde melhorarem os resultados dos pacientes, aumentarem a eficiência e reduzirem custos. Um dos desenvolvimentos mais empolgantes da Inteligência Artificial foi o surgimento dos chatbots. Um chatbot é um programa de computador para simular conversas com usuários humanos. Recentemente, a OpenAI, uma organização de pesquisa focada em aprendizado de máquina, desenvolveu o ChatGPT, um grande modelo de linguagem que gera texto semelhante ao humano. O ChatGPT usa um tipo de inteligência artificial conhecido como modelo de aprendizado profundo. O ChatGPT pode pesquisar e selecionar rapidamente evidências em vários bancos de dados para fornecer respostas a perguntas complexas, reduzindo o tempo e o esforço necessários para pesquisar um tópico específico manualmente. Consequentemente, os modelos de linguagem podem acelerar a criação de diretrizes de prática clínica. Embora não haja dúvida de que o ChatGPT tem potencial para revolucionar a forma como os cuidados de saúde são prestados, é essencial observar que não deve ser usado como substituto de profissionais de saúde humanos. Em vez disso, o ChatGPT deve ser visto como uma ferramenta que pode ser usada para aumentar e apoiar o trabalho dos profissionais de saúde, ajudando-os a prestar melhores cuidados aos seus pacientes. tecnológica diagnosticar doenças diagnóstico anos imparcial evidência custos chatbots humanos Recentemente OpenAI máquina humano profundo complexas manualmente Consequentemente prestados disso ajudandoos ajudando

THE ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENT AND pH VARIATION: NATURAL LIMTS AND EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION OF THE ACIDIFICATION EFFECT ON PHOSPHORUS BIOAVAILABILITY. This study shows the variation of pH in the Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine-Lagoon Complex (CIELC). Data from 3 years (2019, 2021, 2022) were obtained in 17 points presenting the following ranges: temperature (14.88-27.05 ºC), pH (7.16-8.40) and DIP (0.20-11.28 µmol L-1) along a saline gradient (0.05-32.09) under different hydrodynamics, biogeochemical processes and anthropogenic influence. The pH buffering capacity due to the presence of weak acid salts in saline water (S ≥ 30) was associated to the lowest DIP, decreasing with low salinity values, confirming the direct correlation among salinity and pH. The highest temperatures in the winter of 2021, corroborated with the abnormal climate event in that year. An in vitro experiment showed results of the interaction of PID and sediments with different textures, with and without the presence of the benthic microbiota under a considerable decreasing of the pH (acidification) in relation to the natural condition of this environment. The P sediment flux characterized Iguape sector as a P sink with or without biota, Ararapira sector as a P source with biota and Cananéia, as P source without biota. The salt water buffered the pH and sediment buffered DIP both associated to the biogeochemical and hydrodynamic processes contribute to the homeostasis in the system. VARIATION BIOAVAILABILITY CananéiaIguape Cananéia EstuarineLagoon Estuarine Lagoon CIELC. CIELC . (CIELC) 2019, 2019 (2019 2021 2022 1 ranges 14.8827.05 14882705 14.88 27.05 14 88 27 05 (14.88-27.0 ºC, ºC , ºC) 7.168.40 716840 7.16 8.40 7 16 8 40 (7.16-8.40 0.2011.28 0201128 0.20 11.28 0 20 11 28 (0.20-11.2 L1 L L-1 0.0532.09 0053209 0.05 32.09 32 09 (0.05-32.09 hydrodynamics influence S 30 values year textures acidification (acidification environment system (CIELC 201 (201 202 8827 14.8827.0 1488270 1488 14.8 2705 27.0 2 (14.88-27. 168 7.168.4 71684 716 7.1 840 8.4 4 (7.16-8.4 2011 0.2011.2 020112 020 0.2 1128 11.2 (0.20-11. L- 0532 0.0532.0 005320 005 0.0 3209 32.0 (0.05-32.0 (20 882 14.8827. 148827 148 14. 270 27. (14.88-27 7.168. 7168 71 7. 84 8. (7.16-8. 0.2011. 02011 02 0. 112 11. (0.20-11 053 0.0532. 00532 00 320 32. (0.05-32. (2 14.8827 14882 (14.88-2 7.168 (7.16-8 0.2011 0201 (0.20-1 0.0532 0053 (0.05-32 ( 14.882 (14.88- (7.16- 0.201 (0.20- 0.053 (0.05-3 (14.88 (7.16 (0.20 (0.05- (14.8 (7.1 (0.2 (0.05 (14. (7. (0. (0.0 (14 (7 (0 (1

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To reduce the risk of regurgitation during anesthesia for elective procedures, residual gastric volumes (RGV) have traditionally been minimized by overnight fasting. Prolonged preoperative fasting presents some adverse consequences and has been abandoned for most surgical procedures, except for obese and/or diabetic patients. AIMS: The aim of this study was to assess the RGV in morbidly obese diabetic patients after traditional or abbreviated fasting. METHODS: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings from the Federal University of Mato Grosso, under number 179.017/2012. This is a prospective, randomized, and crossover design study in eight morbidly obese type II diabetic patients. RGV was measured endoscopically after either traditional overnight fasting of at least 8 hours, or after abbreviated fasting of 6 hours for solids and 3 hours for a drink containing water plus 25 g (12.5%) of maltodextrin. Data were expressed as mean and range and differences were compared with paired t-tests at p<0.05. RESULTS: The study population had a mean age of 41.5 years (28–53), weight of 135 kg (113–196), body mass index of 48.2 kg/m2 (40–62.4), and type II diabetes for 4.5 years (1–10). The RGV after abbreviated fasting was 21.5 ml (5–40) vs 26.3 ml (7–65) after traditional fasting. This difference was not significant (p=0.82). CONCLUSIONS: Gastric emptying in morbidly obese diabetic patients is similar after either traditional or abbreviated fasting with a carbohydrate drink. BACKGROUND procedures (RGV andor AIMS METHODS Grosso 1790172012 179 017 2012 179.017/2012 prospective randomized 2 12.5% 125 12 5 (12.5% maltodextrin ttests t tests p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 RESULTS 415 41 41. 28–53, 2853 28–53 , 28 53 (28–53) 13 113–196, 113196 113–196 113 196 (113–196) 482 48 48. kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 40–62.4, 40624 40–62.4 40 62 4 (40–62.4) 45 4. 1–10. 110 1–10 . 1 10 (1–10) 215 21 21. 5–40 540 (5–40 263 26 26. 7–65 765 7 65 (7–65 p=0.82. p082 p=0.82 82 (p=0.82) CONCLUSIONS 179017201 17 01 201 179.017/201 12.5 (12.5 p00 p<0.0 285 28–5 (28–53 11319 113–19 11 19 (113–196 4062 40–62. (40–62.4 1–1 (1–10 5–4 54 (5–4 7–6 76 (7–6 p08 p=0.8 (p=0.82 17901720 20 179.017/20 12. (12. p0 p<0. 28– (28–5 1131 113–1 (113–19 406 40–62 (40–62. 1– (1–1 5– (5– 7– (7– p=0. (p=0.8 1790172 179.017/2 (12 p<0 (28– 113– (113–1 40–6 (40–62 (1– (5 (7 p=0 (p=0. 179017 179.017/ (1 p< (28 (113– 40– (40–6 ( p= (p=0 17901 179.017 (2 (113 (40– (p= 1790 179.01 (11 (40 (p 179.0 (4 179.

RESUMO RACIONAL: Para reduzir o risco de regurgitação durante a anestesia para procedimentos eletivos, os volumes gástricos residuais (VRG) têm sido tradicionalmente minimizados com jejum noturno. O jejum pré-operatório prolongado tem algumas consequências adversas e tem sido abandonado para a maioria dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, com exceção de pacientes obesos e/ou diabéticos. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o VRG em pacientes diabéticos obesos mórbidos após jejum tradicional ou abreviado. MÉTODOS: Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, sob o número 179.017/2012. Este é um projeto prospectivo, randomizado e cruzado em 8 pacientes diabéticos tipo II com obesidade mórbida. O VRG foi medido endoscopicamente após jejum noturno tradicional (pelo menos 8 horas) ou após jejum abreviado (6 horas para sólidos e 3 horas para uma bebida contendo água mais 25 g (12,5%) de maltodextrina). Os dados são expressos como média e variação e as diferenças foram comparadas com testes t pareados em p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A população estudada tinha 41,5 (28–53) anos de idade, peso médio de 135 (113–196) kg, índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 48,2 (40–62,4) kg/m2 e diabetes tipo II de 4,5 (1–10) anos. O VRG após o jejum abreviado foi de 21,5 (5–40) ml versus 26,3 (7–65) ml após o jejum tradicional. Essa diferença não foi significativa (p=0,82). CONCLUSÕES: O esvaziamento gástrico em pacientes diabéticos obesos mórbidos é semelhante após jejum tradicional ou abreviado com uma bebida com carboidrato. RACIONAL eletivos (VRG préoperatório pré operatório cirúrgicos eou OBJETIVOS MÉTODOS Grosso 1790172012 179 017 2012 179.017/2012 prospectivo mórbida 6 ( 2 12,5% 125 12 5 (12,5% maltodextrina. maltodextrina . maltodextrina) p005 p 0 05 p<0,05 RESULTADOS 415 41 41, 28–53 2853 28 53 (28–53 idade 13 113–196 113196 113 196 (113–196 kg IMC (IMC 482 48 48, 40–62,4 40624 40 62 4 (40–62,4 kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 45 4, 1–10 110 1 10 (1–10 215 21 21, 5–40 540 (5–40 263 26 26, 7–65 765 7 65 (7–65 p=0,82. p082 p=0,82 82 (p=0,82) CONCLUSÕES carboidrato 179017201 17 01 201 179.017/201 12,5 (12,5 p00 p<0,0 28–5 285 (28–5 113–19 11319 11 19 (113–19 40–62, 4062 (40–62, 1–1 (1–1 5–4 54 (5–4 7–6 76 (7–6 p08 p=0,8 (p=0,82 17901720 20 179.017/20 12, (12, p0 p<0, 28– (28– 113–1 1131 (113–1 40–62 406 (40–62 1– (1– 5– (5– 7– (7– p=0, (p=0,8 1790172 179.017/2 (12 p<0 (28 113– (113– 40–6 (40–6 (1 (5 (7 p=0 (p=0, 179017 179.017/ p< (2 (113 40– (40– p= (p=0 17901 179.017 (11 (40 (p= 1790 179.01 (4 (p 179.0 179.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, egg quality and the morphometry of the organs of Japanese quails (Cotournix cotournix japônica) when kept in comfort and under thermal stress. 192 nine-week-old quail were used, distributed in a completely randomized design at two temperatures (T1 = 24 °C and T2 = 32 °C), with 12 replicates of eight birds each, with an experimental period of 63 days, divided into three 21-day periods. Feed intake (g fowl-1 day-1), water consumption (mL fowl-1 day-1), egg production (%), egg weight (g), egg mass (g fowl- 1 day-1) and feed conversion (kg kg-1 and kg dozen-1). Laying quails after their production cycle are marketed as beef animals. It is observed that the average final live weight was reduced (P = 0.0362) by 27.58 g in birds kept at a temperature of 32 oC, which can compromise its commercial value. The feed intake of the birds was reduced (P = 0.0051) by 14.75% with an increase in ambient temperature. Birds kept at a temperature of 32 oC for 12 h daily showed a reduction in feed intake, final weight, yolk, and gizzard weight, but without affecting egg production, weight and mass. performance Cotournix japônica stress 19 nineweekold nine week old used T1 T (T 2 C 3 °C, , °C) each 6 days 21day day 21 periods fowl1 fowl day1, day1 mL %, % (%) g, (g) day-1 kg1 kg- dozen1. dozen1 dozen . dozen-1) animals P 0.0362 00362 0 0362 2758 27 58 27.5 value 0.0051 00051 0051 1475 14 75 14.75 yolk (% day- dozen-1 0.036 0036 036 275 5 27. 0.005 0005 005 147 7 14.7 ( dozen- 0.03 003 03 0.00 000 00 14. 0.0 0.