ABSTRACT Introduction: Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery (ECIRS) has emerged as a promising technique for the management of large and complex kidney stones, potentially offering advantages over traditional Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This study aims to evaluate best practices, outcomes, and future perspectives associated with ECIRS. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted from 2008 to 2024, using MESH terms and the following key words: "ECIRS" and "Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery" The search yielded 157 articles, including retrospective cohort studies, two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and four meta-analyses comparing ECIRS with PCNL. Most important findings were summarized regarding indications, patient positioning, kidney access, tract size, surgical outcomes, and complications. Results: ECIRS demonstrated higher stone-free rate, lower complication rate, and a reduced need for multiple procedures compared to traditional PCNL. Additionally, ECIRS has the potential to integrate new technologies to further enhance outcomes. Conclusion: ECIRS demonstrates significant advantages in the management of large kidney stones. Future research should focus on well-designed RCTs to provide robust evidence of its efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness, potentially establishing ECIRS as the first option treatment for complex kidney stones. Introduction (ECIRS stones PCNL . (PCNL) practices outcomes Methods 200 2024 words "ECIRS 15 articles studies RCTs, , (RCTs) metaanalyses meta analyses indications positioning access size complications Results stonefree stone free rate Additionally Conclusion welldesigned well designed efficacy safety costeffectiveness, costeffectiveness cost effectiveness, effectiveness cost-effectiveness (PCNL 20 202 1 (RCTs 2

ABSTRACT Introduction Ureteral stricture is often a consequence of urolithiasis or previous endourological procedures (1-3). Precisely delineating the stricture zone intraoperatively is crucial to minimize ureter shortening and target only the affected tissue (4, 5). Flexible ureteroscopy offers a significant advantage in this regard. Objective This video aims to demonstrate the step-by-step technique of flexible ureteroscopic guided laparoscopic ureteroplasty for treating ureteral stricture caused by urolithiasis and prior endourological interventions. Patient and Methods We present a case of a 36-year-old male with a history of urolithiasis and unsuccessful endourological treatments, including endoureterotomy and balloon dilation, diagnosed with re-stenosis of the proximal ureter of 1 cm through ureteroscopy and pyelography. He underwent a successful laparoscopic ureteroplasty. While the lead surgeon performed the laparoscopy, an assistant conducted the flexible ureteroscopy. Intraoperatively, using transillumination facilitated by the flexible ureteroscope, we can precisely identify the narrowed area, allowing for resection of only the damaged segment. Subsequently, we perform the end-to-end ureteroplasty, confirming its patency through the seamless passage of the ureteroscope. Upon completion, we employ a fat patch to safeguard the anastomosis. Results The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day. Double J stent was removed six weeks after surgery. Symptoms resolved. Renal function improved: eGFR 49 to 67 ml/min. Furthermore, improvement was observed in the DTPA scan, and a decrease in hydronephrosis was noted on the follow-up tomography. Conclusion Flexible ureteroscopy effectively identifies the stricture zone in laparoscopic ureteroplasty, enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. This approach is safe, effective, and reproducible, offering a valuable technique in the surgical treatment of ureteral strictures. 13. 13 3 . (1-3) 4, 4 (4 5. 5 5) regard stepbystep step interventions 36yearold yearold 36 year old treatments dilation restenosis re stenosis pyelography laparoscopy Intraoperatively ureteroscope area segment Subsequently endtoend end completion anastomosis day surgery resolved improved 6 mlmin ml min ml/min Furthermore scan followup follow up tomography outcomes safe effective reproducible strictures (1-3 ( (1- (1

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients who survived moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 and the risk factors for LUTS six months after hospitalization. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients were evaluated six months after hospitalization due to COVID-19. LUTS were assessed using the International Prostate Symptom Score. General health was assessed through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the EQ5D-L5 scale, which evaluates mobility, ability to perform daily activities, pain and discomfort and completed a self-perception health evaluation. Results: Of 255 participants, 54.1% were men and the median age was 57.3 [44.3 – 66.6] years. Pre-existing comorbidities included diabetes (35.7%), hypertension (54.5%), obesity (30.2%) and physical inactivity (65.5%). One hundred and twenty-four patients (48.6%) had a hospital stay >15 days, 181 (71.0%) were admitted to an ICU and 124 (48.6%) needed mechanical ventilation. Median IPSS was 6 [3-11] and did not differ between genders. Moderate to severe LUTS affected 108 (42.4%) patients (40.6% men and 44.4% women; p=0.610). Nocturia (58.4%) and frequency (45.9%) were the most prevalent symptoms and urgency was the only symptom that affected men (29.0%) and women (44.4%) differently (p=0.013). LUTS impacted the quality of life of 60 (23.5%) patients with women more severely affected (p=0.004). Diabetes, hypertension, and self-perception of worse general health were associated with LUTS. Conclusions: LUTS are highly prevalent and bothersome six months after hospitalization due to COVID-19. Assessment of LUTS may help ensure appropriate diagnosis and treatment in these patients. Purpose (LUTS COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Methods study COVID19. 19. Score EQ5DL5 EQDL EQ5D L5 EQ D L EQ5D-L scale mobility activities selfperception self perception evaluation Results 25 participants 541 54 1 54.1 573 57 3 57. 44.3 443 44 [44. 66.6 666 66 years Preexisting Pre existing 35.7%, 357 35.7% , 35 7 (35.7%) 54.5%, 545 54.5% 5 (54.5%) 30.2% 302 30 2 (30.2% 65.5%. 655 65.5% . 65 (65.5%) twentyfour twenty four 48.6% 486 48 (48.6% 15 >1 days 18 71.0% 710 71 0 (71.0% 12 ventilation 311 11 [3-11 genders 10 42.4% 424 42 4 (42.4% 40.6% 406 40 (40.6 444 44.4 p=0.610. p0610 p p=0.610 610 p=0.610) 58.4% 584 58 (58.4% 45.9% 459 45 9 (45.9% 29.0% 290 29 (29.0% (44.4% p=0.013. p0013 p=0.013 013 (p=0.013) 23.5% 235 23 (23.5% p=0.004. p0004 p=0.004 004 (p=0.004) Diabetes Conclusions COVID1 COVID- DL EQ5DL EQD 54. 44. [44 66. 35.7 (35.7% 54.5 (54.5% 30.2 (30.2 65.5 (65.5% 48.6 (48.6 > 71.0 (71.0 31 [3-1 42.4 (42.4 40.6 (40. p061 p=0.61 61 58.4 (58.4 45.9 (45.9 29.0 (29.0 (44.4 p001 p=0.01 01 (p=0.013 23.5 (23.5 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.004 [4 35. (35.7 (54.5 30. (30. 65. (65.5 48. (48. 71. (71. [3- 42. (42. 40. (40 p06 p=0.6 58. (58. 45. (45. 29. (29. (44. p00 p=0.0 (p=0.01 23. (23. (p=0.00 [ (35. (54. (30 (65. (48 (71 [3 (42 (4 p0 p=0. (58 (45 (29 (44 (p=0.0 (23 (35 (54 (3 (65 (7 ( p=0 (5 (2 (p=0. (6 p= (p=0 (p= (p

ABSTRACT Background: Success rates in endourological procedures, notably percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and ureteroscopy (URS), have demonstrated suboptimal outcomes, leading to more reinterventions and radiation exposure. Recently, the use of intraoperative computed tomography (ICT) scans has been hypothesized as a promising solution for improving outcomes in endourology procedures. With this considered, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis encompassing all available studies that evaluate the impact of the use of intraoperative CT scans on surgical outcomes compared to conventional fluoroscopic-guided procedures. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Multiple databases were systematically searched up to December of 2023. This study aimed to directly compare the use of an ICT scan with the standard non-ICT-guided procedure. The primary endpoint of interest was success rate, and the secondary endpoints were complications and reintervention rates, while radiation exposure was also evaluated. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed following Cochrane recommendations. Data was presented as an Odds ratio with 95%CI across trials and a random-effects model was selected for pooling of data. Results: A comprehensive search yielded 533 studies, resulting in the selection of 3 cohorts including 327 patients (103 ICT vs 224 in non-ICT). Primary outcome was significantly higher in the experimental group versus the control group (84.5% vs 41.4% respectively, 307 patients; 95% CI [3.61, 12.72]; p<0.00001; I2=0). Reintervention rates also decreased from 32.6% in the control to 12.6% in the ICT group (OR 0.34; 95%CI [0.12,0.94]; p =0.04; I2= 48%), whereas complication rates did not exhibit significant differences. Radiation exposure was also significantly reduced in two of the included studies. Conclusion: This meta-analysis highlights a favorable outcome with intraoperative CT scan use in PCNL procedures, showing a considerable increase in SFR when compared to standard fluoroscopy and nephroscopy. Despite limited studies, our synthesis underscores the potential of ICT scans to significantly reduce residual stones and their consequences for endourology patients, as reinterventions and follow-up ionizing radiation studies. Background procedures (PCNL URS, URS , (URS) Recently (ICT considered metaanalysis meta analysis fluoroscopicguided fluoroscopic guided Methods guidelines 2023 nonICTguided non procedure rate evaluated recommendations 95CI 95 randomeffects random effects data Results 53 32 103 (10 22 nonICT. nonICT . non-ICT) 84.5% 845 84 5 (84.5 414 41 4 41.4 respectively 30 3.61, 361 61 [3.61 12.72 1272 12 72 12.72] p<0.00001 p000001 0 00001 I2=0. I20 I I2=0 I2 I2=0) 326 6 32.6 126 12.6 OR 0.34 034 34 0.12,0.94 012094 94 [0.12,0.94] =0.04 004 04 48%, 48 48% 48%) differences Conclusion nephroscopy followup follow (URS 202 9 10 (1 2 non-ICT 84.5 8 (84. 41. 3.61 36 [3.6 12.7 127 1 7 p<0.0000 p00000 0000 32. 12. 0.3 03 0.12,0.9 01209 [0.12,0.94 =0.0 00 20 ( 84. (84 3.6 [3. p<0.000 p0000 000 0. 0.12,0. 0120 [0.12,0.9 =0. (8 3. [3 p<0.00 p000 0.12,0 012 [0.12,0. =0 [ p<0.0 p00 0.12, 01 [0.12,0 = p<0. p0 0.12 [0.12, p<0 0.1 [0.12 p< [0.1 [0. [0

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this narrative review is to discuss the current state of research funding in Brazil. Materials and Methods: This study is based on the most recent edition of the course Funding for Research and Innovation in the University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine which was a three-day course with 12 hours of instruction. The course brought together leading experts in the field to comprehensively discuss the current state of research funding in Brazil. Each speaker provided a presentation on a specific topic related to research funding. After the workshop, speakers assembled relevant topics in this manuscript. Results: collaborative research is critical for securing research funding. It optimizes proposal competitiveness, amplifies societal impact, and manages risks effectively. As such, fostering and supporting these collaborations is paramount for both researchers and funding agencies. To maintain the highest integrity in research, investigators involved in these collaborations must disclose any relationships that could potentially influence the outcomes or interpretation of their projects. Conclusions: In Brazil, the mainstay of research funding stems from public entities, with agencies such as CNPq, CAPES, and state bodies like FAPESP, FAPERJ, FAPEMIG and others at the forefront. Concurrently, industry funding offers viable pathways, especially through industry-sponsored studies, investigator-led projects, and collaborative initiatives. The Brazilian funding landscape is further enriched by innovative platforms, including crowdfunding and the contributions of institutions like the Serrapilheira Institute. Internationally, esteemed organizations such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation stand out as potential funders. Objective Brazil Methods threeday three day 1 instruction workshop manuscript Results competitiveness impact effectively projects Conclusions entities CNPq CAPES FAPESP FAPERJ forefront Concurrently pathways industrysponsored sponsored studies investigatorled investigator led initiatives platforms Institute Internationally NIH (NIH funders

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify risk factors for urinary septic shock in patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: Data from PCNL procedures performed between January 2009 and February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included all patients over 18 years old with kidney stones larger than 15 mm who underwent PCNL. Patients who underwent mini-PCNL or combined surgeries, such as ureteroscopy or bilateral procedures, were not included in the study. Logistic regression was conducted to determine the risk factors for urinary septic shock within 30 days post-operation in patients who underwent PCNL. Results: Urinary septic shock was observed in 8 out of the 1,424 patients analyzed (0.56%). The presence of comorbidities, evaluated using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (OR 1.46 [CI 95% 1.15-1.86], p=0.01), larger stones (41.0 mm [IQR 30.0-47.5 mm] vs. 24.0 mm [IQR 17.0-35.0 mm], OR 1.03 [CI 95% 1.01-1.06], p=0.04), and a positive preoperative urine culture (OR 8.53 [CI 95% 1.71-42.45], p <0.01) were shown to significantly increase the risk of postoperative urinary septic shock. Patients with a CCI > 2, larger stones (≥ 35 mm), and a positive preoperative urine culture were at even higher risk of urinary septic shock (OR 15.40 [CI 95% 1.77-134.21], p=0.01). Conclusion: Patients with larger stones, positive preoperative urine culture, and a higher CCI are at risk for urinary septic shock after PCNL. These findings are of utmost importance for optimizing the perioperative care of these patients to prevent life-threatening complications. Purpose . (PCNL) Methods 200 202 1 miniPCNL mini surgeries 3 postoperation post operation Results 1424 424 1,42 0.56%. 056 0.56% 0 56 (0.56%) comorbidities (CCI 146 46 1.4 CI 95 1.151.86, 115186 1.15 1.86 , 86 1.15-1.86] p=0.01, p001 p=0.01 01 p=0.01) 41.0 410 41 (41. IQR 30.047.5 300475 30.0 47.5 47 5 30.0-47. vs 240 24 24. 17.035.0 170350 17.0 35.0 17 17.0-35. mm, 103 03 1.0 1.011.06, 101106 1.01 1.06 06 1.01-1.06] p=0.04, p004 p=0.04 04 p=0.04) 853 53 8.5 1.7142.45, 1714245 1.71 42.45 71 42 45 1.71-42.45] <0.01 001 2 ≥ ( mm) 1540 40 15.4 1.77134.21, 17713421 1.77 134.21 77 134 21 1.77-134.21] p=0.01. Conclusion lifethreatening life threatening complications (PCNL 20 142 1,4 05 0.56 (0.56% 14 4 1. 9 151 1.151.86 11518 115 1.1 186 1.8 1.15-1.86 p00 p=0.0 41. (41 047 30.047. 30047 300 30. 475 47. 30.0-47 035 17.035. 17035 170 17. 350 35. 17.0-35 10 011 1.011.06 10110 101 106 1.01-1.06 85 8. 7142 1.7142.45 171424 171 1.7 4245 42.4 7 1.71-42.45 <0.0 00 154 15. 77134 1.77134.21 1771342 177 13421 134.2 13 1.77-134.21 1, 0.5 (0.56 1.151.8 1151 11 1.15-1.8 p0 p=0. (4 30.047 3004 30.0-4 17.035 1703 17.0-3 1.011.0 1011 1.01-1.0 714 1.7142.4 17142 42. 1.71-42.4 <0. 7713 1.77134.2 177134 1342 134. 1.77-134.2 0. (0.5 1.151. 1.15-1. p=0 30.04 30.0- 17.03 17.0- 1.011. 1.01-1. 1.7142. 1714 1.71-42. <0 771 1.77134. 17713 1.77-134. (0. 1.151 1.15-1 p= 1.011 1.01-1 1.7142 1.71-42 < 1.77134 1771 1.77-134 (0 1.15- 1.01- 1.714 1.71-4 1.7713 1.77-13 1.71- 1.771 1.77-1 1.77-

ABSTRACT Purpose: Ureterocalicostomy is a technique that was first described by Neuwirt in 1948 (1) The laparoscopic access was initiated in 2003 by Cherullo et al. (2), following the established principles of open surgery. In 2004, Gill et al. had two patients with UPJO treated with laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy, with success (3). In 2014, Arap et. al. presented a case series with good results in adults and children in our service (4). There are factors that prepare the surgeon for an ureterocalicostomy, such as the renal cortex thickness, although the decision is mainly taken during the procedure (5). Material and Methods: A 24 years-old female patient with right lumbar pain was referred to our institution. She already had a right open pyeloplasty two years ago. The CT scan presented a right hydronephrotic kidney, DMSA scan with 30% of relative function and a DTPA scan with an obstructive pattern. Results: A laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy was performed due to the intra-operative findings (inferior kidney pole thickness and challenging access to the uretero-pelvic junction). The overall time was 130 minutes with no complications. The patient was discharged in two days and the double J was withdrawn in four weeks. The CT scan within one year demonstrates a reduction of the hydronephrosis. She had no more lumbar pain. Conclusion: In complex cases, the laparoscopic ureterocalicostomy proves to be a safe and efficient procedure, with a free tension-free anastomosis and the advantages of the laparoscopic access. Purpose 194 1 (1 200 al 2, 2 , (2) surgery 2004 3. 3 . (3) 2014 4. 4 (4) 5. 5 (5) Methods yearsold old institution ago 30 pattern Results intraoperative intra operative inferior ureteropelvic uretero pelvic junction. junction junction) 13 complications weeks hydronephrosis Conclusion cases tensionfree tension 19 ( 20 (2 (3 201 (4 (5

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the effect of low-calorie diet on 24-hour urinary metabolic parameters of obese adults with idiopathic calcium oxalate kidney stones. Materials and Methods: Adult idiopathic calcium oxalate stone formers, with body mass index (BMI) ≥30kg/m2 and a known lithogenic metabolic abnormality, were submitted to low-calorie diet for twelve weeks. After enrolment, anthropometric measures, serum exams, 24-hour urinary metabolic parameters and body impedance were collected one month prior to dietary intervention and at the end of twelve weeks. Correlations between weight loss, waist circumference loss, fat loss and variation in 24-hour urinary lithogenic parameters and calcium oxalate urinary supersaturation (CaOx SS) as per Tiselius equation were analysed. Results: From January 2017 to January 2018, 39 patients were enrolled to participate in this study. Median (range) prescribed diet was 1300 (1100-2100) Kcal/day. Mean age was 51.7±11.0 (29-68) years old and 69.2% were female. 30.8% of the participants shifted from obesity to BMI <30kg/m2 and none to BMI <25kg/m2. A significant correlation was found between baseline 24-hour urinary oxalate and weight (p=0.018) and BMI (p=0.026). No correlation was found between variation of weight, waist circumference, fat mass and 24-h urinary stone risk factors or CaOx SS. Conclusions: Short-term modest weight loss induced by twelve weeks of low-calorie diet is not associated with a decrease of 24-hour urinary lithogenic parameters in idiopathic calcium oxalate stone formers. Calcium oxalate urinary stone formation is probably multifactorial and driven by other factors than weight.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of a previous standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on the outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). Materials and Methods: Outcomes of RIRS performed from January 2017 to January 2020 in adult patients with residual stone fragments ≤20mm after a standard PCNL (Post-PCNL) and symptomatic adult patients with kidney stones ≤20mm (Control) were prospectively studied. Stone-free rate (SFR) was evaluated on a postoperative day 90 non-contrast computed tomography. Surgical complications based on Clavien-Dindo classification during the 90 days of follow-up were recorded. Results: Outcomes of 55 patients and 57 renal units of the post-PCNL group were compared to 92 patients and 115 renal units of the control group. SFR was lower in post-PCNL group than in control (28/57, 49.1% vs. 86/115, 74.8%, p <0.001). Overall complications were more frequent in post-PCNL group (p=0.004). Infundibula strictures were identified and incised with laser in 15/57 (26.3%) renal units of the post-PCNL group. Thirteen renal units had infundibulum stricture at the site of previous percutaneous tract (13/15; 86.7%, p=0.004) and one renal unit had three infundibula strictures. Postoperative complications were not affected by the treatment of infundibula strictures (p=0.198). Conclusions: Previous standard PCNL significantly impairs the outcomes of RIRS. Infundibula strictures can be found in 26.3% of the patients with residual stone fragments after standard PCNL for large burden kidney stones. The main site of infundibulum stricture after standard PCNL is the infundibulum of the entry calyx.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Enucleation of a large prostate is the best surgical choice for patients refractory to clinical treatment (1,2). Since the first robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) was described (3,4), some technical modifications (5–7) and different approaches to reach the adenoma have been proposed (8,9). The aim of this video is to demonstrate three different techniques of RASP. Materials and Methods: The first procedure begins with a transversal incision over the bladder neck, the second is a transvesical approach and the last one is a Retzius-sparing RASP. All techniques were performed with a vesico-urethral anastomosis. Results: Three patients underwent RASP, each one with a different approach. Patients presented mean age of 66±4.4 years, PSA baseline level of 7.8±3ng/mL, IPSS score of 17.7±4.5, maximum urine flow of 8.3±1.5mL/seg and 122.3±11.2cm3 of prostate volume. The mean operative time was 63±8 minutes, estimated blood loss of 106.7±11.5mL, prostate weight of the surgical specimen of 106.3±8 grams and 1 day of length of stay. No continuous bladder irrigation was required and there was no complication. The mean postoperative PSA and IPSS were 0.7±0.3ng/mL, 4.7±1.5. The maximum urine flow raised to 20±4.4mL/seg. Conclusions: RASP with vesico-urethral anastomosis allowed minimal blood loss, short length of stay and great functional outcomes. All the three approaches allowed to perform this technique in a safe way, while showing different alternatives to reach the adenoma.

ABSTRACT Introduction: To demonstrate the entire surgeon's point of view of a prone split-leg (PSL) endoscopic guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (ePCNL) recorded with a GoPro® camera for standardization of the essential technical steps towards a successful procedure (1). Materials and methods: A 40y.o female patient presented with right flank pain for three years. She had previously been submitted to shock wave lithotripsy without success. Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) revealed a 2cm stone in the renal pelvis with 1400HU and stone-to-skin distance of 11cm (Guy's Stone Score 1). PCNL approach was chosen for providing higher chances of stone-free after a single procedure. Informed consent was obtained. The PSL ePCNL was uneventful with a single access in a mid-pole. The surgeon had a Full HD GoPro Hero 4® camera mounted on his head, controlled by the surgical staff with a remote control. All essential surgical steps were recorded. Results: Operative time was 90 minutes. Hemoglobin drop was 0.7g/dL. The post-operative NCCT scan was stone-free. The patient was discharged 24h after surgery. Kidney stent was left with a string and removed after 5days. The camera worked properly and didn't cause any kind of discomfort to the surgeon. The quality of the recorded movie was excellent. Conclusion: By recording the surgeon's perspective of an endoscopic urological procedure, we were able to provide a comprehensive understanding of the surgical technique by assembling the endoscopic, fluoroscopic, and operative field views. The GoPro® camera proved to be an interesting tool to document surgical procedures without compromising outcomes and has great potential for educational purposes.

ABSTRACT COVID-19 pandemic is a rapidly spreading virus that is changing the World and the way doctors are practicing medicine. The huge number of patients searching for medical care and needing intensive care beds led the health care system to a burnout status especially in places where the care system was already overloaded. In this setting, and also due to the absence of a specific treatment for the disease, health authorities had to opt for recommending or imposing social distancing to relieve the health system and reduce deaths. All other medical specialties nondirectly related to the treatment of COVID-19 had to interrupt or strongly reduce their activities in order to give room to seriously ill patients, since no one knows so far the real extent of the virus damage on human body and the consequences of doing non deferrable procedures in this pandemic era. Despite not been a urological disease, the urologist needs to be updated on how to deal with these patients and how to take care of himself and of the medical team he works with. The aim of this article is to review briefly some practical aspects of COVID-19 and its implications in the urological practice in our country.