ABSTRACT Objective: To assess sleep quality and stress level and to analyze their effect on the academic performance of undergraduate dental students. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 234 undergraduate dental students at Bhubaneswar. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), consisting of 18 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, assessed sleep quality. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) evaluated the stress level. Google Forms collected demographic details and marks obtained in their previous examination. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for analysis (p≤0.05). Results: Mean PSQI and K10 scores were 4.87±4.5 and 17.60±8.5, respectively. 38% of students had poor sleep quality, and mean actual sleep hours were 8.01±1.7. One-fourth (24.8%) of subjects had moderate to severe stress. Sleep quality significantly differed among the various academic years (p=0.001). A post-hoc test showed a difference between 1st and 2nd-year students and 1st and 4th-year students. A statistically significant difference between genders regarding the components of the K10 scale was observed. A non-significant positive correlation between total marks and K10 score and a negative correlation between marks and global PSQI score was found. Conclusion: Sleep quality and stress harm the academic performance of dental students. Objective Methods crosssectional cross sectional 23 Bhubaneswar PSQI, , (PSQI) 1 4point point 4 K (K10 examination Chisquare, Chisquare Chi square, square Chi-square MannWhitney Mann Whitney U KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis tests p≤0.05. p005 p p≤0.05 . 0 05 (p≤0.05) Results K1 48745 87 5 4.87±4. 176085 17 60 8 17.60±8.5 respectively 38 80117 01 7 8.01±1.7 Onefourth One fourth 24.8% 248 24 (24.8% p=0.001. p0001 p=0.001 001 (p=0.001) posthoc post hoc st 2ndyear ndyear 2nd year nd 4thyear thyear 4th th observed nonsignificant non found Conclusion 2 (PSQI (K1 p00 p≤0.0 (p≤0.05 4874 4.87±4 17608 6 17.60±8. 3 8011 8.01±1. 24.8 (24.8 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.001 (K p0 p≤0. (p≤0.0 487 4.87± 1760 17.60±8 801 8.01±1 24. (24. p=0.0 (p=0.00 p≤0 (p≤0. 48 4.87 176 17.60± 80 8.01± (24 p=0. (p=0.0 p≤ (p≤0 4.8 17.60 8.01 (2 p=0 (p=0. (p≤ 4. 17.6 8.0 ( p= (p=0 (p 17. 8. (p=

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the level of internet addiction and its impact on the academic performance of undergraduate dental students of Bhubaneswar. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was steered among 814 undergraduate dental students (representing first year through internship) in Bhubaneswar, India. Internet addiction was assessed with the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) developed by Young, which consisted of 20 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Google Forms were used to collect the data. Statistical tests like Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to analyze the qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively, with the significance level set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The prevalence of Internet Addiction was found to be 27.5%. Interns showed the highest mean Internet Addiction (57.91±10.71) score. The proportion of addicted students was higher in males, 74 (31.4%), than in females, 150 (26%). The mean scores for individual domains were overuse (16.31±3.64), non-restraints (7.77±2.66), inhibiting the flow of life (9.52±3.05), emotional state (11.25±2.86), and dependence (10.47±2.53). A correlation coefficient (Spearman’s rho value of -.167) indicates a negative correlation between internet addiction and academic scores, which was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed that internet use for varying purposes eventually leads to addiction and affects students’ academic performance. The affected students need early intervention and control over internet usage. Objective Bhubaneswar Methods crosssectional cross sectional 81 representing internship India IAT (IAT Young 2 5point point 5 scale data Chisquare, Chisquare Chi square, square Chi-square KruskalWallis, KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis, Wallis Kruskal-Wallis variables respectively 005 0 05 0.05 Results 275 27 27.5% 57.91±10.71 57911071 57 91 10 71 (57.91±10.71 score males 7 31.4%, 314 31.4% , 31 4 (31.4%) females 15 26%. 26 26% . (26%) 16.31±3.64, 1631364 16.31±3.64 16 3 64 (16.31±3.64) nonrestraints non restraints 7.77±2.66, 777266 7.77±2.66 77 66 (7.77±2.66) 9.52±3.05, 952305 9.52±3.05 9 52 (9.52±3.05) 11.25±2.86, 1125286 11.25±2.86 11 25 86 (11.25±2.86) 10.47±2.53. 1047253 10.47±2.53 47 53 (10.47±2.53) Spearmans s .167 167 -.167 p=0.001. p0001 p=0.001 001 (p=0.001) Conclusion usage 8 00 0.0 27.5 57.91±10.7 5791107 1 (57.91±10.7 31.4 (31.4% (26% 163136 16.31±3.6 6 (16.31±3.64 77726 7.77±2.6 (7.77±2.66 95230 9.52±3.0 (9.52±3.05 112528 11.25±2.8 (11.25±2.86 104725 10.47±2.5 (10.47±2.53 .16 -.16 p000 p=0.00 (p=0.001 0. 27. 57.91±10. 579110 (57.91±10. 31. (31.4 (26 16313 16.31±3. (16.31±3.6 7772 7.77±2. (7.77±2.6 9523 9.52±3. (9.52±3.0 11252 11.25±2. (11.25±2.8 10472 10.47±2. (10.47±2.5 .1 -.1 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 57.91±10 57911 (57.91±10 (31. (2 1631 16.31±3 (16.31±3. 777 7.77±2 (7.77±2. 952 9.52±3 (9.52±3. 1125 11.25±2 (11.25±2. 1047 10.47±2 (10.47±2. -. p0 p=0. (p=0.0 57.91±1 5791 (57.91±1 (31 ( 163 16.31± (16.31±3 7.77± (7.77±2 95 9.52± (9.52±3 112 11.25± (11.25±2 104 10.47± (10.47±2 - p=0 (p=0. 57.91± 579 (57.91± (3 16.31 (16.31± 7.77 (7.77± 9.52 (9.52± 11.25 (11.25± 10.47 (10.47± p= (p=0 57.91 (57.91 16.3 (16.31 7.7 (7.77 9.5 (9.52 11.2 (11.25 10.4 (10.47 (p= 57.9 (57.9 16. (16.3 7. (7.7 9. (9.5 11. (11.2 10. (10.4 (p 57. (57. (16. (7. (9. (11. (10. (57 (16 (7 (9 (11 (10 (5 (1

Abstract Objective: To translate Oral Health Literacy – Adult Questionnaire from English to Odia language and test its psychometric properties and assess its influence on oral health status of school teachers. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed among 400; 116 (29%) males and 284 (71%) female school teachers of Bhubaneswar. OHL-AQ questionnaire subsequent to being translated to Odia language utilizing World Health Organization recommended translation back translation protocol was then tested for the establishment of its psychometric properties with assistance from the selected expert panel of academicians. The oral health status of participants was assessed using the WHO oral health assessment form-2013. Chi-square, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: Internal consistency of OHL-AQ-O was acceptable with an alpha value of 0.70. Test-retest reliability showed almost perfect agreement (ICC=0.90, CI=0.85-0.93) indicating highly reliable translated scale (p=0.001). Overall mean oral health literacy scores were 13.02±1.86, with about 80% belonging to the high oral health literacy level group. Caries prevalence was 78%, with a mean DMFT of 3.04±2.55. Shallow pockets were absent majorly in teachers belonging to the high oral health literacy group (p=0.01). The multiple linear regression model depicted that only the teaching experience variable added significantly to the prediction (p=0.008). Conclusion: OHL-AQ-O questionnaire was found valid and reliable to measure OHL. Further application of the instrument in other communities and populations will support establishing the external validity of the OHL-AQ-O.

Abstract Objective: To quantify and compare respiratory functions and further screen the oral mucosa of tobacco and non-tobacco users. Material and Methods: First control group, non-tobacco users (n=55); Second group, smokers’ group (n=168) who currently smoked cigarettes; Third group smokeless/chewing type, tobacco group (n=81); Fourth group, both smokeless and smoking type tobacco users (n=46). Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependences (FTND) and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence-Smokeless Tobacco (FTND-ST) instruments were used to assess nicotine dependence. Subsequently, spirometry and Toluidine Blue (TB) vital staining were performed. Chi-squared and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for statistical analysis. Results: Fagerstrom test resulted in 48.8% of subjects with low dependency, followed by an increase in nicotine dependency from low to moderate (29.2%), moderate (15.6%), and highly dependent (6.4%) groups. All respiratory function tests and oral screening confirmed significant changes amongst tobacco and non-tobacco users. The forced vital capacity of non-smoker group was significantly different from other tobacco users’ group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Early effects of tobacco use can lead to complications with the respiratory system and oral cavity. Such data can be used to delineate the harm of tobacco and should be used to urge individuals to evade the utilization of tobacco.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the current level of oral health knowledge and identify information sources among adolescents in Bhubaneswar, India. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional examination was conducted among 1330 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years enrolled in 24 randomly selected government and private schools in Bhubaneswar. A specially designed self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the responses. Chi-square test with a level of significance set at 5% was used for statistical analysis. Results: Parents (55%) followed by media (18%) were the major sources of oral health information among the study population, which was statistically not significant in relation to gender and school type. Many subjects (95.3%) perceived sweets could cause tooth decay; however, this was statistically significant only among school type (p<0.05). Around (45%) knew about fluoride and only 36% properly identified fluoride's action as preventing cavities. This was statistically significant among both gender and school type (p<0.05). Seventy-five percent of students effectively distinguished gum disease symptoms, which was significant only with gender (p<0.05). Around 55% identified that oral habits have an influence on oral health, which showed significance among gender (p<0.05). Conclusion: Children oral health knowledge was not satisfactory, highlighting the need to utilize parents, schoolteachers and media to provide oral health education. It’s essential for designing and implementing a person-centered care model in dentistry.

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish the validity of COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire and assess the stress with its associated factors during COVID-19 among dental professionals in Bhubaneswar, India. Material and Methods: An online survey through Google Forms was steered among 234 dentists. CPDI questionnaire was used for data collection post its validation assessment. Content validity was judged satisfactory by two psychiatrists, and excellent internal consistency was found (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.92). For statistical analysis, chi-square and binomial logistic regression tests were used with a significance level of p=0.05. Results: 70 (29.9%) were males and 164 (70.1%) were females with a mean age of 30.58 ± 6.70 years. Around 50% had an MDS degree and were attached to an institution and nearly 80% were having experience of less than 10 years. The mean CPDI score was found to be 29.09 ± 15.47. A statistically significant association was observed between CPDI scores with age (p<0.003), gender (p<0.03), practice (p<0.06) and education (p<0.006). Binomial logistic regression revealed that odds of stress were 2 times higher among males than females (OR=2.01, p<0.04), which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Acceptable validation scores confirmed CPDI as an effective instrument for detecting stress. Importance of early interventions to combat the issue of stress among dental professionals as it is allied with negative consequences on health and furthermore affects daily activities is highlighted.

Throughout history, teething has been held responsible for a variety of childhood illnesses. The objective of this study was to assess parents' knowledge and beliefs about teething signs and symptoms and to investigate the practices used to alleviate teething troubles. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 550 parents in Udaipur, India. The questionnaire contained three sections eliciting demographic characteristics and assessing parents' knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding teething. Statistical analysis used descriptive statistics and the chi-squared test (p £ 0.05). Response to teething was incorrectly attributed to fever (70%), diarrhea (87.5%), and sleep disturbances (48.2%). Only 33.2% of parents allowed their children to bite on chilled objects to relieve symptoms associated with teething. A common lack of knowledge about teething among parents should encourage dental healthcare providers to educate them regarding the teething process and its management.