RESUMO Neste estudo, analisamos interações entre participantes de um curso de contação de histórias em Português como Língua Adicional (PLA), ofertado como disciplina opcional em uma universidade do interior da China. Levando em consideração que para se entender as atividades da vida diária, é necessário olharmos para como as pessoas agem e fazem sentido dessas ações localmente, esta pesquisa adota o aporte metodológico da Etnometodologia e da Análise da Conversa. Por meio da observação dos dados gerados através de gravação audiovisual de uma das aulas do curso em questão, constatamos um trabalho categorizacional (i.e.: a produção de tipos particulares de itens sequenciais informada pela orientação dos interagentes a categorias de pertencimento presentes na sociedade; p.e.: professor, aluno, médico, paciente etc.) por parte dos participantes do curso, que, unido ao sentido que esses participantes fazem (na interação) das instruções sobre como participar das aulas, revela a complexa relação reflexiva entre planejamento pedagógico e interação em sala de aula de língua adicional.

ABSTRACT This study analyses interactions among participants in a story-telling course of PAL, offered as an elective course in a university located in Mainland China. Based on the idea that, in order to understand daily-life activities, we need to look at how people act and make sense of their actions locally, this study takes on an Ethnomethodological and Conversation Analytic approach. The results generated through audiovisual recordings from one of the meetings of the abovementioned course show a constant categorial work (i.e.: the production of particular types of sequential items informed by an orientation to the membership categories present in the society; e.g.: ‘teacher’, ‘student’, ‘doctor’, ‘patient’ etc.) of members in the course, which, along with the sense that these members make (in situ) of the instructions on how to participate in the lessons, reveal the complex reflexive relationship between pedagogy and interaction in an AL classroom.

Abstract Astronomy education research is a growing field but the attention given to informal educational activities, such as telescope observations, museum visits or planetarium sessions, is still relatively scarce. In consequence, the area is poorly studied and understood. Addressing this gap, this present paper examines informal educational practices in an astronomical observatory through detailed analysis of a complete turn at the telescope by a small child, who is observing the Sun with the assistance of a guide. Using Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis this study investigates how this activity was produced in terms of structure and methods, the skills the participants have, and how the interaction between the visitor and the guide occurs. The study of these naturally occurring activities is done in-depth by the repeated inspection of video data, in order to identify the characteristics of the interaction, the organization of the talk and its implications as an educational event. The interactional nature of linguistic exchanges is highlighted; and the study of these activities reveals the practical methods used by guides and public. The present study contributes to our understanding of telescope observations as informal education activities; and shows the importance of research methods that are sensitive to naturally occurring events.

Neste trabalho, investigamos os efeitos produzidos por sujeitos chineses a partir da leitura de uma peça publicitária da marca Colgate, divulgada na mídia impressa sul-americana, vencedora do Prêmio de Prata no Festival de Cannes de 2011. Segundo a perspectiva discursiva, consideramos o texto um conjunto de sentidos, ligado à sua exterioridade, isto é, o interdiscurso. Por isso, o texto não é uma unidade fechada em si, nem algo que tem um sentido evidente e pronto para ser capturado pelo sujeito-leitor. Assim, distintas leituras a partir de um mesmo texto são possíveis. Para sustentar esta hipótese, realizamos uma série de entrevistas com tópicos semiestruturados com quatro participantes e analisamos o corpus constituído por suas leituras relacionadas a essa peça, identificando as semelhanças e diferenças entre elas. Os resultados mostram que os participantes produziram leituras diversificadas, que os identificam não só como sujeitos pertencentes a uma cultura diferente daquela na qual a peça foi inicialmente divulgada, mas como sujeitos diferentes entre si, uma vez que a interpretação de um texto não é linear, mas marcada pelo complexo jogo interdiscursivo.

This study investigates the meanings produced by Chinese participants based on their interpretation of an advertisement by Colgate company divulgated on South American print media and holder of the Silver Award at Cannes Lions 2011 Festival. According to the discursive perspective, we consider the text as a 'bolide of meanings', connected to its exteriority, namely the interdiscourse. For this reason, text is not a single closed unity, nor something with an evident or preconceived meaning to be captured by its reader. Based on this idea, different accounts from a same text are possible. In order to support this hypothesis, we carried out some interviews with semi-structured topics with four participants and analyzed their interpretations on the abovementioned advertisement, identifying the similarities and differences among them. The results show that participants produced different accounts, which identify them not only as subjects of a different culture from the one in which the advertisement was previously divulgated, but as different subjects among themselves, since interpretation is not a linear move. Rather, it is part of a complex interdiscursive game.

En este trabajo hemos investigado los efectos producidos por sujetos chinos desde la lectura de una pieza publicitaria de la marca Colgate, difundida en los medios de comunicación impresos sudamericanos, vencedora del Premio de Plata en el Festival de Cannes de 2011. De acuerdo con la perspectiva discursiva, consideramos el texto un conjunto de sentidos, ligado con su exterioridad, es decir, el interdiscurso. El texto no es una unidad encerrada en sí mismo, ni algo que tiene un sentido evidente y listo para ser capturado por el sujeto-lector. De esa manera, distintas lecturas desde un mismo texto son posibles. Para sostener esta hipótesis, realizamos una serie de entrevistas con tópicos semiestructurados con cuatro participantes, y analizamos el corpus constituido por sus lecturas relacionadas con esa pieza, identificando las semejanzas y diferencias entre ellas. Los resultados muestran que los participantes han producido lecturas diversificadas, que los identifican no solo como sujetos pertenecientes a una cultura diferente de aquella en la cual la pieza fue inicialmente divulgada, pero como sujetos diferentes entre ellos, una vez que la interpretación de un texto no es linear, pero marcada por el complejo juego interdiscursivo.

Innovation remains a complex phenomenon and the task of managing it at the Regional Innovation Systems (RIS) architecture level is discussed herein, namely involving joint initiatives, close to organizational realities and their competitive advantages, up and beyond the uncertainty that surrounds Governmental R&D Investment (GRI ) effectiveness, either due to misuse or ineffective, application of resources. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) modelling was applied to the study of RIS structure, aiming to identify the 'hidden' mediating variables that may influence the overall effect of GRI on economic and employment growth. In general, Absorptive Capacity, is the most rapid and balanced development strategy for regions characterised by environments, which are adverse to change and innovation, and characterized by low industrialization and income levels.

La innovación sigue siendo un fenómeno de gran complejidad, particularmente cuando es gestionada a escala regional, inherente a la existencia de Sistemas Regionales de Innovación (SRI). La estructura de los SRI intenta optimizar el porfolio de recursos endógenos que forman parte de un territorio, encaminando la inversión a los activos con mejor relación 'riesgo-retorno'. La adopción de lógicas de cocreación, la innovación abierta y el reparto de riesgos, gestionan una mayor proximidad con el tejido económico local, la cual permite controlar la incertidumbre de la inversión pública en I&D (IPI) que resulta de la inoportuna o ineficaz afectación de los recursos financieros disponibles. La modelación de redes neuronales ha sido administrada al mapeo de la estructura de los SRI, identificando las variables mediadoras 'ocultas' que son susceptibles de influir en el impacto de la IPI sobre el crecimiento económico y la creación de empleo. En síntesis, los resultados del modelo empírico indican que la capacidad de absorción es la estrategia de desarrollo más equilibrada para territorios periféricos, adversos a la innovación y al progreso tecnológico, como aquellos que se caracterizan por una reducida industrialización y por un bajo valor acrecentado de los bienes y servicios prestados.

The emergence of the so-called "European Paradox" shows that increasing Governmental R & D Investment is far from being a 'panacea' for stagnant growth. It is worth noting that Governmental R & D Investment does not have a statistically significant impact on employment, indicating the need to assess the trade-offs of policies that could lead to significant increases in government expenditure. Surprisingly, Governmental R & D Employment does not contribute to 'mass-market' employment, despite its quite important role in reducing Youth-Unemployment. Despite the negative side-effects of Governmental R & D Employment on both GVA and GDP, University R & D Employment appears to have a quite important role in reducing Unemployment, especially Youth-Unemployment, while it also does not have a downside in terms of economic growth. Technological Capacity enhancement is the most effective instrument for reducing Unemployment and is a policy without any downside regarding sustainable economic development.

Given the growth in usage of online social networks, such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and Snapchat, which rely on videos and images (such as photos) to relay information between connections, new intuitive languages, though not yet formally recognized, have emerged. We also herein give the example of a new language we have created - the Business Narrative Modelling Language (BNML) - which communicates business perspectives based on pictorial representations, supported by the narrative. Currently, the concept of language is linked to the use of words. We foresee that such a definition of language will have to change to include other structured forms of communication, resorting and relying on graphics, also. We give examples of BNML representations, with regards to two case studies we have performed, based on face-to-face interviews and company visits. At ExpressGlass technology plays an important role, while at Yazaki Saltano a remarkable team effort between Toyota suppliers is made evident, to create innovation.

No presente artigo, discutimos alguns dados coletados do projeto Mesa de Conversação em Português, desenvolvido em uma universidade no sudeste da China. A atividade proporcionou aos aprendizes chineses de português língua estrangeira a oportunidade de interagirem na língua-alvo em um ambiente menos hierarquizado em relação à sala de aula, em que o professor, muitas vezes, é visto como figura central. O espaço fornecido pelo projeto possibilitou a manifestação de identidades dos aprendizes na interação em língua estrangeira, que estavam 'escondidas' durante as aulas. Os dados serão analisados com base nos conceitos teóricos da Linguística Aplicada e da Análise do Discurso.

In this paper, we discuss some data from the project Conversation Table in Portuguese, developed in a university in the Southeast of China. The activity has provided the Chinese students of Portuguese as a foreign language the opportunity to interact in the target language in a less hierarchical environment comparing to what usually happens inside the classroom, where the teacher, most of the times, has the central role. The project has motivated the students to show some of their identities in the foreign language that were 'hidden' during the classes. The data will be analyzed according to the theoretical concepts of Applied Linguistics and Discourse Analysis.