ABSTRACT Background: The macauba (Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.) is a palm tree native to tropical regions and occurs in much of the Brazilian territory. Current studies are focused on the extraction and exploitation of vegetable oil from this fruit. However, there are few studies on the residue, the endocarp, which represents approximately 25% of the total mass of the fruit. Studies that search for solutions for using residue, thus adding value, and generating environmentally friendly products, are of fundamental importance. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of reconstituted wood panels produced with different proportions of macauba endocarp particles to replace pine wood particles, in addition to characterize the physical and chemical properties of macauba endocarp. The chemical characterization tests were performed according to applicable standards. The basic density was determined according to the NBR 11941 standard. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were also performed. The particleboards panels were produced with a nominal density of 0.70g/cm³ and dimensions of 25x25x1.5cm. Five different treatments were evaluated with variations in the proportion of macauba endocarp particles in the core of the panel. For particle agglutination, phenol-formaldehyde adhesive was used at a proportion of 9% for the core and 12% for the faces, based on the dry mass of each panel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the panel surfaces. Results: The endocarp of Acrocomia aculeata has low extractive content, high lignin content and high densification, 1.23g/cm³, when compared to Pinus oocarpa wood, 0.43g/cm³. All panels were classified as low density according to CS 236-66 and had an average apparent density between treatments of 0.586g/cm³. A greater dimensional stability and a decrease in the static bending properties of the panels was observed as the proportion of macauba endocarp particles increased. The internal bonding of the panels showed a positive result with the increase in the use of particles of the residue. Conclusion: The panels produced have potential for use for non-structural purposes. Background Jacq. Jacq (Jacq. Lodd Mart. Mart territory fruit However residue 25 value products importance Thus standards 1194 standard TGA, TGA , (TGA) Xray X ray XRD (XRD FTIR (FTIR 070gcm³ gcm 0 70g cm³ g cm 0.70g/cm 25x25x15cm xxcm 25x25x1 5cm x 25x25x1.5cm agglutination phenolformaldehyde phenol formaldehyde 9 12 faces SEM (SEM surfaces Results densification 123gcm³ 1 23g 1.23g/cm³ 043gcm³ 43g 0.43g/cm³ 23666 236 66 236-6 0586gcm³ 586g 0.586g/cm³ increased Conclusion nonstructural non structural purposes (Jacq 2 119 (TGA 070gcm xx 25x25x 123gcm 1.23g/cm 043gcm 0.43g/cm 2366 23 6 236- 0586gcm 0.586g/cm 11

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a concentração de taninos condensados na casca da árvore Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd) Poir. Adicionalmente, foram avaliadas as propriedades físico-mecânicas de painéis de madeira laminada cruzada (MLC) colados com um adesivo à base de taninos de M. tenuiflora. A casca foi coletada de cinco árvores. A formulação adesiva foi sintetizada pela mistura de taninos em pó, paraformaldeído e água a 50°C sob agitação contínua. Extrato de taninos da casca em seu estado primitivo sem qualquer tratamento químico prévio ou modificação foi empregado para sintetizar o adesivo. Foram determinados a viscosidade, pH, teor de sólidos e tempo de gel da formulação adesiva. Os painéis foram fabricados com madeira de Eucalyptus spp. O desempenho de colagem foi avaliado determinando as propriedades físicas (densidade aparente e absorção de água) e mecânicas (módulo de elasticidade – MOE, módulo de ruptura – MOR e resistência ao cisalhamento) dos painéis de MLC. O teor de taninos condensados na casca de M. tenuiflora foi de 23,4%. As propriedades adesivas foram pH = 3,93, TS de 50,64%, tempo de gel de 460 s e viscosidade de 6.000 cP. Os valores de MOE, MOR e resistência ao cisalhamento foram 4.411, 16,18 e 1,06 MPa, respectivamente. Os taninos de M. tenuiflora são promissores para a formulação de adesivos para unir MLC.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the concentration of condensed tannins in the bark of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd) Poir trees. Additionally, the physical-mechanical properties of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels bonded with an adhesive based on M. tenuiflora tannins were assessed. Bark was collected from five trees. The adhesive formulation was synthesized by mixing powdered tannins, paraformaldehyde, and water at 50 °C under continuous stirring. Bark tannins extract in its pristine state without any previous chemical treatment or modification was employed to synthesize the adhesive. Viscosity, pH, solids content, and gel time of the adhesive formulation were determined. CLT panels were manufactured with Eucalyptus spp. wood. The bonding performance was assessed by determining the physical (apparent density and water absorption) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity – MOE, modulus of rupture – MOR, and shear strength) properties of the CLT panels. Condensed tannins content in the M. tenuiflora bark was 23.4%. Adhesive properties were pH = 3.93, TS of 50.64%, gel time of 460 s, and 6,000 cP for viscosity. Values of MOE, MOR and shear strength were 4,411, 16.18, and 1.06 MPa, respectively. The M. tenuiflora tannins are promising for the formulation of adhesives to bond CLT.

Abstract: This study aims to understand the effect of the initial planting density on the anatomical variability and basic wood density of Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum in a planted forest in Amazonia. The effect of the initial planting density on the radial variation from pith to bark of anatomy and basic density was evaluated. There were two planting densities, planting density-I (624 trees ha-1) and planting density-II (312 trees ha-1). Planting density significantly affected only the ray height, fiber length and wall thickness. Radial position was not significant to the height of the rays and the fiber lumen diameter. The interaction planting density × radial position was only significant for the length of the vessel elements, ray frequency and fiber length. The results indicate that the initial planting density influences the radial behavior of certain anatomical characteristics. To obtain gain in terms of total wood per cultivated area, without harm to the density of the produced wood, planting density-I would be most useful, while planting density-II would be suitable for the production of more homogeneous wood, which tends to form adult wood in advance and with some anatomical characteristics appropriate for the plywood industry.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento dos enxertos e a caracterização anatômica de cultivares de pereira e marmeleiro enxertadas nos porta-enxertos Pyrus calleryana e Chaenomeles sinensis. Foram feitas avaliações quanto às percentagens dos enxertos brotados aos 60 dias e quanto ao comprimento e o diâmetro da brotação dos enxertos aos 120 dias. Cortaram-se porções caulinares da região da enxertia, em seções transversais e longitudinais, e o xilema secundário foi separado para comparação dos tecidos. As pereiras apresentaram bom desenvolvimento sobre o porta-enxerto P.calleryana, e os cortes anatômicos apresentaram tecidos vasculares conectados, o que não ocorreu quando as pereiras foram enxertadas em C.sinensis, em que os enxertos brotaram mas não se desenvolveram, e os tecidos vasculares não se conectaram. Os marmeleiros apresentaram bom desenvolvimento em ambos os porta-enxertos, em razão da boa conexão dos tecidos vasculares. A conexão dos tecidos vasculares é fundamental para o sucesso da enxertia. As espécies utilizadas não diferiram significativamente quanto a seus tecidos do xilema secundário. A incompatibilidade encontrada entre as pereiras e o porta-enxerto C. sinensis não é anatômica.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the graft growth and the anatomical characterization of pear (Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) cultivars grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks. Sprouted graft percentages at 60 days and the length and diameter of the graft sproutings at 120 days were evaluated. Stem cuttings from the grafting region were performed in transversal and longitudinal sections, and the secondary xylem was separated for tissue comparison. The pear trees showed good development on P.calleryana rootstock, and the anatomical sections showed that the vascular tissues were connected, which did not occur when the trees were grafted on C.sinensis, in which the grafts sprouted, but did not develop, and the vascular tissues did not connect. The quince trees showed good development on both rootstocks due to the good connection of the vascular tissues. The connection of vascular tissues is essential for the success of grafting. The evaluated species did not differ significantly as to their secondary xylem tissues. The incompatibility found between the pear trees and the C.sinensis rootstocks is not anatomical.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas de painéis OSB produzidos com adesivos comerciais e tânico deStryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville. Os adesivos comerciais ureia formaldeído (UF), fenol formaldeído (FF) e os taninos daAcacia mearnsi foram obtidos por doação por respectivas empresas produtoras, enquanto que o tanino de barbatimão foi obtido em laboratório. Todos adesivos tiveram as propriedades dos adesivos determinadas. Foram produzidos painéis OSB com os adesivos ureia-formaldeído, fenol-formaldeído, tanino-formaldeído a partir da acácia e do barbatimão. Os painéis foram produzidos com partículas do tipo strand, geradas a partir da madeira de pinus, com teor de adesivo de 8% a uma pressão de 40 kgf.cm-2, um tempo e temperatura de prensagem de 8 min e 160°C, respectivamente. Em todas as propriedades avaliadas, o desempenho dos painéis produzidos com adesivo tânico de barbatimão foi melhor quando comparado com o dos painéis produzidos com o adesivo tânico de acácia. Os painéis produzidos com os adesivos UF, FF e tânico de barbatimão atenderam a todos os prerrequisitos estipulados pela norma de comercialização. Tal fato demonstra grande potencial de utilização dos taninos de barbatimão para produção de painéis OSB.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of OSB (Oriented Strand Board) panels produced with commercial adhesives and tannic adhesive from Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville. The commercial adhesives, urea formaldehyde (UF), phenol formaldehyde (FF) and Acacia mearnsi tannin were obtained by donation by respective manufacturing companies, while the tannins of barbatimao were obtained in the laboratory. The adhesives had the adhesives properties determined. OSB panels were produced, with the adhesives urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, tannin-formaldehyde from Acacia and Stryphnodendron . The panels were produced with strand particles generated from pine wood with an adhesive content of 8% at a 40 kgf.cm-2 of pressure, a time and pressing temperature of 8 minutes and 160°C, respectively. In all of the properties evaluated, the performance of the panels made with tannic adhesive from barbatimão was better when compared to panels manufactured with the tannic adhesive from acacia. The panels produced with urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde and tannic adhesive of barbatimão met all requirements stipulated by the marketing standard. Fact that shows great use potential for tannin of barbatimão for OSB panels production.

The use of sugarcane bagasse minimizes the environmental impact and contributes to the creation of a new product with low density, good sound absorption capacity and can improve the acoustic conditions of buildings. The goal of this study aims to determine the intensity response of sugarcane bagasse particleboard panels’ sound absorption and compare them with particleboard panels of the species Pinus sp. and Eucalyptus sp. To accomplish this, the sound pressure levels in different frequency bands were analyzed. The results showed higher sound absorption between the low and high frequency bands for the three types of panels, with an absorption peak in 315 Hz identifying the characteristic frequency of resonance from these materials. However, the sugarcane bagasse panel presented differently than the others, with a greater retention of sound energy in the medium frequency band between 630 Hz and 1,000 Hz with a maximum absorption at 55 dB at the frequency of 800 Hz. Keywords: sugarcane bagasse, particleboard, sound absorption, acoustics

O processo de armazenamento de bebidas destiladas em barris de madeira é uma prática que visa à melhoria das características sensoriais da bebida, tais como cor, aroma e sabor. A qualidade da bebida destilada armazenada nesses barris depende de características da madeira como densidade, permeabilidade, composição química e anatomia, além do tipo de tratamento térmico dado à madeira durante a confecção dos barris. O Brasil possui uma grande diversidade florestal, principalmente no norte do país, na Amazônia. Essa região abriga milhares de espécies de árvores, porém, limita-se à utilização de pouco mais de duas espécies nativas e outras exóticas para o armazenamento de bebidas. Assim, objetivou-se, neste trabalho, determinar algumas das características físicas e químicas das madeiras de quatro espécies florestais da Região Amazônica. Os resultados obtidos para as espécies arbóreas aqui estudadas serão comparados com os de madeiras já utilizadas para o armazenamento de bebidas destiladas. As espécies estudadas foram angelim-pedra (Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke), cumarurana (Dipteryx polyphylla (Huber) Ducke), jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.) e louro-vermelho (Nectandra rubra (Mez) C.K. Allen). As árvores foram coletadas em área de manejo florestal da Empresa Precious Woods Amazon, em Silves, Amazonas. Dentre as análises realizadas foram determinados: teores de extrativos totais, quantidade de lignina, porcentagem de minerais (cinzas) e teores de taninos, além de densidade básica, análise elementar (CHNS-O) e análise térmica. Observou-se que a composição química estrutural (teores de lignina, holocelulose) e elementar (porcentagem de C, H, N e O) das madeiras possuem diferenças significativas. A madeira do jatobá possui maior teor de taninos e, na análise térmica, foi a madeira com menor perda de massa.

The process of storing liquor in wooden barrels is a practice that aims to improve the sensory characteristics, such as color, aroma and flavor, of the beverage. The quality of the liquor stored in these barrels depends on wood characteristics such as density, permeability, chemical composition, anatomy, besides the wood heat treatment used to fabricate the barrels. Brazil has a great diversity of forests, mainly in the north, in the Amazon. This region is home to thousands of tree species, but is limited to the use of only a few native species to store liquors. The objective of this study was to determine some of the physical and chemical characteristics for four Amazon wood species. The results obtained in this study will be compared with others from woods that are traditionally used for liquor storage. The species studied were angelim-pedra (Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke) cumarurana (Dipteryx polyphylla (Huber) Ducke), jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.) and louro-vermelho (Nectandra rubra (Mez) CK Allen). The trees were collected from Precious Woods Amazon Company forest management area, in Silves, Amazonas. Analyzes such as: concentration of extractives, lignin amount, percentage of minerals (ash) and tannin content, density, elemental analysis (CHNS-O) and thermal analysis were done. It was observed that the chemical composition (lignin, holocellulose) and elemental analysis (percentage of C, H, N and O) of the woods have significant differences. The jatobá wood presented higher tannin content, and in the thermal analysis, was that which had the lowest mass loss.

Objetivou-se analisar o lenho de raiz, tronco e galho de barbatimão, Stryphnodendron adstringens em área de cerrado, no município de Lavras, MG. Amostras de lenho do tronco e do galho foram retiradas a 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da altura total do tronco e comprimento total do galho. Amostras de lenho das raízes foram retiradas a 40 cm de profundidade do solo. Qualitativamente o lenho do barbatimão possui camadas de crescimento distintas para o tronco e galho; na raiz, encontram-se pouco definidas. Porosidade difusa. Placas de perfuração simples. Pontoações intervasculares e raio-vasculares, areoladas, alternas e com guarnições. Parênquima paratraqueal vasicêntrico. Raios predominantemente unisseriados, apresentando raios multisseriados. Os raios são heterocelulares, onde o corpo do raio é formado por células procumbentes e margens com células quadradas e eretas. Observaram-se, raios homogêneos formados apenas por células procumbentes. Presença de cristais nas células dos parênquimas axiais, radiais e nas fibras. Quantitativamente, as características relevantes para o lenho foram: maior frequência de vasos para o galho; paredes das fibras mais espessas no lenho de raiz e raio mais largo no tronco.

This study aimed to analyze the wood of root, trunk and branch from barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) in the cerrado area, in Lavras (Minas Gerais State, Southeastern Brazil). Trunk and branch wood samples were removed at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the trunk and branch total height. Root wood samples were removed at 40 cm depth soil. Qualitatively the barbatimão wood has distinct growth layers for the trunk and branch; at the root they are poorly defined. Diffuse porosity. Simple perforation plates. Inter-vascular and vessel-ray. Bordered, alternate and with garnishes. Vasicentric paratracheal parenchyma. Uniseriate rays predominant, presenting multiseriate rays. The rays are heterocellular, where the ray body is formed by procumbent cells and margins with square and upright cells. It was observed that homogeneous rays are formed only by procumbent cells. Crystals are present at the axial and radial parenchyma cells, and in the fibers. Quantitatively the relevant features to the wood were: higher vessel frequency in branch wood; thicker wall fibers in the root wood and larger rays in the trunk

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a qualidade do encolamento de partículas "strand" e a influência desse processo na qualidade final da colagem em painéis OSB. Realizou-se a mensuração das dimensões e determinação da massa de 658 partículas antes e após o processo de encolamento. As variáveis gramatura (g.m-2) e a quantidade efetiva de adesivo aplicado (%) foram avaliadas. Aplicaram-se os teores de 6, 9 e 12 % de adesivo fenol-formaldeído em partículas de Pinus oocarpa e Eucalyptus grandis. Foi realizado o teste de tração perpendicular nos painéis produzidos. O processo de encolamento de partículas "strand" em laboratório é heterogêneo, o que dificultou analisar a influência das variáveis de processamento sobre a quantidade efetiva de adesivo aplicado e gramatura. Foi verificado que painéis OSB produzidos com a espécie Pinus oocarpa apresentaram menor gramatura de partículas em relação aos painéis de Eucalyptus grandis. Esse resultado foi atribuído a menor densidade básica da madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Observou-se que maiores gramaturas na partícula estão, positivamente, relacionadas com a resistência à tração perpendicular.

This work aimed to evaluate the quality of strand particles gluing and its influence on the final bonding quality in OSB panels. The measurement of the dimensions and determination of the mass of 658 particles were made before and after the gluing process. The variables glue amount (g.m-2) and effective amount of adhesive applied (%) were evaluated. Phenol-formaldehyde adhesive was applied at 6, 9 and 12% contents in Pinus oocarpa and Eucalyptus grandis particles. Perpendicular tension strength test was conducted in the panels produced. The gluing process in laboratorial conditions is heterogeneous, which hinders the analysis of the influence of the processing variables on the effective amount of adhesive applied and glue amount. It was verified that OSB panels made from Pinus oocarpa species presented lower glue amount per particle in relation to Eucalyptus grandis species. This result was attributed to the lower basic density of Pinus oocarpa wood. Increases in glue amount of particles are related to increases in perpendicular tension strength.

The aim of this study was to characterize the wood of Aniba species from the Brazilian Amazon, on the basis of specimens in the wood collection of the Herbarium of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, in the city of Belém, Brazil. The species were found to present a homogeneous structure in the secondary xylem, as defined by the location of oil cells; the presence of tyloses and crystals; and singularities of the radial and axial parenchyma.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a retratibilidade, nos sentidos base-topo e medula-casca, da madeira do Cedro australiano proveniente de três municípios do Sul do estado de Minas Gerais, além ainda de verificar a variação na constituição química da madeira, em decorrência da localidade de plantio. A madeira de Cedro australiano foi obtida com quatro anos de idade e em três municípios da região sul do estado de Minas Gerais (Campo Belo, Cana Verde e Santo Antônio do Amparo). Foram determinados os constituintes químicos da madeira, os valores de retratibilidade (tangencial, radial, longitudinal e volumétrica) e o coeficiente de anisotropia. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que não houve variação significativa dos teores de holocelulose, lignina, extrativos e cinzas, entre as três localidades de plantios avaliadas. Para as retratibilidades da madeira no sentido base-topo, não houve variação significativa das contrações radial e longitudinal para as três localidades avaliadas. Contudo, foi observada variação significativa para as contrações tangencial e volumétrica para as localidades de Campo Belo e Cana Verde, e variação significativa da contração tangencial para o plantio de Santo Antonio do Amparo. Na direção medula-casca, foi observada variação significativa apenas da contração radial e do coeficiente de anisotropia para a localidade de Cana Verde.

The study aimed to evaluate the shrinkage, in the bottom-up and pith-bark direction, of the australian cedar wood from three Counties in the south of Minas Gerais state, and also to check the variation in chemical composition of wood due the location of planting. The australian cedar wood was obtained with four years of age and in three cities in the south of Minas Gerais state (Campo Belo, Cana Verde and Santo Antonio do Amparo). The chemical constituents of wood, shrinkage values (tangential, radial, longitudinal and volumetric) and the anisotropy coefficient. According to the results, there was no significant variation in the levels of holocellulose were determined, lignin, extractives and ashes between the three plantation sites evaluated. For the shrinkage of the wood in the bottom-up direction, there was no significant variation of the radial and longitudinal contractions for the three locations evaluated. However, significant variation was observed for the tangential and volumetric contractions for cities of Campo Belo and Cana Verde, and significant variation of Tangential contraction for the plantation of Santo Antonio do Amparo. In the pith-bark direction, significant variation was observed only on the radial contraction and the coefficient of anisotropy for location of Cana Verde.

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de clones de Eucalyptus urophylla para produção de painéis aglomerados homogêneos de baixa densidade. Foram avaliados seis clones de Eucalyptus urophylla com 94 meses de idade, plantados no municipio de Paracatu-MG, sendo utilizada como parâmetro de comparação a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Para cada clone de Eucalyptus urophylla e também para o Pinus oocarpa foram produzidos seis painéis com o adesivo uréia-formaldeido no teor de 6%, densidade nominal de 0,60 g/cm³, pressão especifica de 40kgf/cm², temperatura de 160ºC e tempo de 8 minutos. Os clones de Eucalyptus urophylla apresentaram potencial para produção de painéis aglomerados convencionais de baixa densidade. Os clones 62 e 28 obtiveram os melhores resultados em todas as propriedades fisico-mecânicas avaliadas, apresentando propriedades iguais ou superiores as obtidas para os painéis produzidos com a madeira de Pinus oocarpa. Com relação à norma de comercialização CS 236/1966 apenas o clone 28 atendeu a todos os requisitos. Nenhum dos clones avaliados atendeu a norma EN 312/2003.

The study aimed to evaluate the potential of Eucalyptus urophylla clones to produce homogeneous particleboard of low-density. Six clones of Eucalyptus urophylla were evaluated, at 94 months of age and planted in Paracatu-MG. Pinus oocarpa wood was used as a reference. For each Eucalyptus urophylla clone and also for Pinus oocarpa, six panels were produced with urea-formaldehyde adhesive in the concentration of 6%, nominal density of 0.60 g/cm³, specific pressure of 40kgf/cm², temperature of 160ºC and a time of 8 minutes. Eucalyptus urophylla clones presented potential for production of conventional particleboard of low density. Clones 62 and 28 showed the best results for all physical and mechanical properties evaluated, presenting properties equal or superior to those obtained for the panels produced with Pinus oocarpa wood. In relation to CS 236/1966 standard, only the clone 28 met all the requirements. None of the clones meets EN 312/2003 standard.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o rendimento gravimétrico em taninos condensados nas cascas de Anadenanthera peregrina em diferentes classes diamétricas. Coletaram-se amostras de cinquenta e nove árvores de Anadenanthera peregrina, a 1,30 m do solo (Diâmetro a altura do peito - DAP), distribuídas em sete classes diamétricas. As cascas foram secas ao ar e trituradas em moinho de martelo. Foram realizadas amostragem composta para o preparo do extrato. A extração foi feita em água, na relação 15:1 (v/p), adicionados 3% de sulfito de sódio (v/v) em banho-maria a 70ºC por 4 horas. O material foi filtrado com emprego de coador de pano fino e concentrado em chapa de aquecimento a aproximadamente 150 g. Foi determinada a massa do extrato e retirados 10 g para a obtenção do teor de sólidos e 20g para a para o índice de Stiasny. Os valores médios de teor de sólidos totais, índice de Stiasny, teor de tanino condensado e teor de compostos não tânicos foram de 11,34%; 75,79%; 12,76% e 4,07%, respectivamente. O teor de sólidos, índice de Stiasny, teor de compostos não tânicos tiveram diferenças significativas entre as classes diamétricas. Já para a produção de taninos condensados, o parâmetro classe diamétrica não influenciou.

This work aimed to determine the gravimetric yield of condensed tannins in the Anadenanthera peregrina bark in different diameter classes. Fifty-nine trees samples were collected of Anadenanthera peregrina, at 1.30m of the ground (diameter at breast height - DBH), distributed in seven diameter classes. The barks were dried and crushed in mill of hammer. Composite sample was made to prepare the extract. The extraction was done using water in the ratio 15:1 (v/w), added 3% sodium sulfite (w/w) in water-bath at 70°C for 4 hours. The material was filtered using fine cloth strainer and concentrated on a heating plate at approximately 150 g. It was determined the extract mass and removed 10 g for obtaining solids content and 20g for the Stiasny's index. The average values of total solids content, Stiasny's index, condensed tannin content and the compound content non-tannin were 11.34%; 75.79%; 12.76% and 4.07%, respectively. The content of solids, Stiasny's index, compound content non-tannin show significant differences between diameter classes. For the condensed tannins production, the diameter class parameter there was no influence.

O mundo busca fontes alternativas para a produção de adesivos utilizando matéria-prima renovável. Nesse contexto, a utilização de taninos da casca de barbatimão, Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville, tem apresentado potencial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a viabilidade técnica de utilização de Adesivos tânicos provenientes das cascas de barbatimão para a produção de painéis aglomerados. Adesivos à base de taninos extraídos das cascas de barbatimão foram usados na proporção de 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% com o adesivo comercial ureia-formaldeído. Os adesivos puros e o das misturas tiveram suas propriedades determinadas. Painéis aglomerados com os adesivos ureia-formaldeído, tanino-formaldeído e as misturas destes foram produzidos e suas propriedades físico-mecânicas, testadas. O adesivo tânico de barbatimão mostrou-se viável tecnicamente na proporção de até 50% para painéis reconstituídos do tipo aglomerado, com a ressalva de recomendação para uso apenas em ambientes internos, sem contato com a umidade.

The world seeking alternative sources for adhesives production by using renewable raw material. In this context, the use of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville tannins bark have been showing potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of using tannic adhesive from the barks of barbatimão, for particleboard production. Tannin-based adhesives extracted from the bark of barbatimão were used in ratio of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% with commercial urea formaldehyde adhesive. Pure and mixtures adhesives had their properties determined. Particleboards with urea-formaldehyde, tannin-formaldehyde and its mixtures were produced and had their physic-mechanical properties tested. The adhesive tannic of barbatimão proved be technically feasible in the proportion until 50% for particleboard panels type, however, it is recommended to indoors use only, without moisture contact.

Studies concerning the production of particleboards with sugarcane bagasse as an alternative fibrous material have been carried out as an attempt to provide a sustainable and viable destination for this residue. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of several processing variables related to the microstructure of sugarcane bagasse particleboards (mat type, adhesive type and adhesive content) on their permeability and water sorption properties. Air permeability data was collected by the rotameter method. Superficial air permeability (kg), Darcian constant (k1) and non-Darcian constant (k2) were measured. kg was related to sorption behavior of the particleboards. 1-layer particleboards presented significantly higher kg values than the 3-layer particleboards. In general, adhesive type, position and content did not influence kg of particleboards. However, these processing variables influenced interactions between fluid and material and tortuosity of the porous media. Particleboards produced with urea-formaldehyde with high kg presented higher water absorption and thickness swelling after 24 hours. Such relations were not observed in particleboards produced with melamine-urea-formaldehyde.