ABSTRACT Two new species of Neanuridae from the Amazon Rainforest of Northern Brazil are described and illustrated. The new species Friesea multiclavata sp. nov. (holotype male in MNRJ: Brazil, Amazonas State) belongs to the reducta-group and represents the first record of Frieseinae for Amazonas State in Brazil. Within Pseudachorutinae, the new species Furculanurida boiuna sp. nov. (holotype male in MNRJ: Brazil, Amazonas State) represents the third species of this genus without eyes and body pigment, together with Furculanurida africana (Massoud, 1963) - type species of the genus - and Furculanurida emucronata Zon et al., 2014, both from Ivory Coast, in Africa. Lastly, an indefinite species of Ectonura sp. (Neanurinae) is the second record of the genus for the Neotropical Region.

ABSTRACT A new species of Isotomiella from Pará State is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to the digitata group, but differs from other by the number of chaetae on manubrium and dens, teeth on the tenaculum and size of the sensilla on abdominal tergites V-VI.

ABSTRACT The collembolan family Entomobryidae, one of the most numerous, diverse and widely distributed, was recently reviewed in a work that integrated molecular and morphological characters. The new classification includes seven subfamilies, one of which, Nothobryinae, is characterized by the presence of PAO, falcate mucro and a few chaetae on the trochanteral organ. This subfamily is composed of only three genera: Capbrya Barra, 1999 from South Africa, Hispanobrya Jordana & Baquero, 2005 from Spain and Nothobrya Arlé, 1961 from Brazil. Nothobrya (type species N. schubarti , described from the state of Pernambuco) remained monospecific for about half a century, when samples taken from urban areas of Rio de Janeiro city revealed its first record for the Brazilian Southeast. This new species, Nothobrya arlei sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on differences related to trochanteral organ, unguis, tenent hair shape and chateae on tenaculum. In this paper, characteristics of the macrochaetotaxy, sensillar and microsensillar sets and ventral tube chaetotaxy are provided, as well as a table with comparisons of Nothobrya species.

A new species of Collembola, Mucrosomia alticola sp. nov., is described and illustrated based on material from "Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos" (State of Rio de Janeiro) and from "Parque Nacional da Serra do Caparaó" (State of Minas Gerais). This is the first record of a species of Mucrosomia for Brazil. The genus has, up to date, only three species and can be diagnosed by the absence of eyes and pigmentation, PAO present, tenent hair pointed, Abd V and VI fused, manubrium with 1+1 chaetae on anterior side, long dens and a remarkable mucro with five teeth. The presence of chaetae on ventral thorax, between segments II-III, supports the new species.

A new species of Xenylla Tullberg, 1869, X. capixaba sp. nov., is described and illustrated. In addition, we present a list with new records of Poduromorpha from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Xenylla yucatana Mills, 1938 and Brachystomella platensis Najt & Massoud, 1974 are for the first time recorded in Brazil. Also, the distributions of B. ceciliae Fernandes & Mendonça, 2004, B. contorta Denis, 1931 and Arlesia albipes (Folsom, 1927) are expanded to include Espírito Santo. Brachystomella agrosa Wray, 1953, previously recorded in agricultural soils, was also found in a marine environment.

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a riqueza e a diversidade da fauna de Poduromorpha em dois biótopos na Restinga de Maricá, RJ, identificar as espécies características de cada biótopo e determinar as relações da estrutura da comunidade com parâmetros ambientais abióticos. Representantes da ordem Poduromorpha (Collembola) foram estudados do ponto de vista ecológico nos ambientes de vegetação halófila-psamófila reptante e de primeiro cordão arenoso em áreas preservadas da Restinga de Maricá, localizada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os maiores valores de diversidade, riqueza e equitabilidade de espécies de colêmbolos foram observados no ambiente de primeiro cordão arenoso. Foram encontradas diferenças nas espécies fundamentais, acessórias e acidentais nos ambientes amostrados. Paraxenylla piloua atuou como indicadora de ambiente da vegetação halófila-psamófila reptante, ao passo que Friesea reducta, Pseudachorutes difficilis e Xenylla maritima mostraram-se indicadoras de ambiente de primeiro cordão arenoso. A análise de correspondência canônica mostrou que os fatores mais importantes na distribuição espaço-temporal das espécies foram pH, conteúdo de matéria orgânica e umidade do solo.

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the richness and diversity of the Poduromorpha fauna in two biotopes in Restinga de Maricá, RJ, Brazil, to identify the characteristic species of each biotope and to determine the relationships between the community structure and the abiotic environmental parameters. Representatives of the Poduromorpha (Collembola) order were studied under an ecological viewpoint in halophyte-psammophyte vegetation and foredune zone in preserved areas of Restinga de Maricá, a sand dune environment in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The foredune zone showed the highest diversity, richness and equitability of springtail species. Differences in the fundamental, accessory and accidental species in each environment were encountered. Paraxenylla piloua was found to be an indicator species of the halophyte-psammophyte vegetation, while Friesea reducta, Pseudachorutes difficilis and Xenylla maritima were indicators of the foredune zone. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated pH, organic matter content and soil humidity as the most important factors influencing the spatiotemporal distribution of the species.

Duas novas espécies de Arlea Womersley, 1939, de diferentes ecossistemas do sudeste do Brasil, são descritas e ilustradas: A. psammophila sp. nov. (Restinga de Maricá, Rio de Janeiro) e A. adetolai sp. nov. (Parque Nacional da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro).

Two new species of Arlea Womersley, 1939 are herein described and illustrated from different ecosystems in Southeastern Brazil: A. psammophila sp. nov. (Restinga of Maricá, Rio de Janeiro) and A. adetolai sp. nov. (National Park of Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro).

São registradas novas espécies e novas ocorrências de Collembola Poduromorpha no litoral de Maricá, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Das 20 espécies coletadas, quatro são descritas e ilustradas: Mesaphorura maricaensis sp. nov. (Onychiuridae); Brachystomella ceciliae sp. nov. (Brachystomellidae); Arlesia intermedia sp. nov. e Micranurida fluminensis sp. nov. (Neanuridae). Os gêneros Doutnacia Rusek, 1974 e Micranurida Börner, 1901 e as espécies Xenylla maritima Tullberg, 1869, Acherontiella globulata Thibaud & Massoud, 1979, Onychiurus cf. mariapetrae Thibaud, 1993, Friesea reducta Denis, 1931, Pseudachorutes difficilis Denis, 1931 são registrados pela primeira vez para o Brasil. O elevado número de espécies e o registro de 16 novas ocorrências nesta área mostram a escassez de estudos taxonômicos e a elevada biodiversidade de Poduromorpha na restinga.

New species and new occurrences of Collembola Poduromorpha in the littoral of Maricá, state of Rio de Janeiro are recorded. From the 20 species collected, four are described and illustrated: Mesaphorura maricaensis sp. nov. (Onychiuridae); Brachystomella ceciliae sp. nov. (Brachystomellidae); Arlesia intermedia sp. nov. and Micranurida fluminensis sp. nov. (Neanuridae). The genus Doutnacia Rusek, 1974 and Micranurida Börner, 1901 and the species Xenylla maritima Tullberg, 1869, Acherontiella globulata Thibaud & Massoud, 1979, Onychiurus cf. mariapetrae Thibaud, 1993, Friesea reducta Denis, 1931, Pseudachorutes difficilis Denis, 1931 are recorded for the first time to Brazil. The high number of species and the record of the 16 new occurrences in this area shows the scarcity of the taxonomic studies and the elevated biodiversity of the Poduromorpha at sand dunes.

Arlesia arleana sp.n. is described and illustrated. Arlesia proxima (Arlé, 1939) is redescribed based on especimens from Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.