Abstract A new syllid species belonging to the genus Sphaerosyllis ( Claparède, 1863 ) was found in Southeast Brazil during the development of the project “Environmental, social and economic susceptibility of Ilha Grande Bay to spillage and the presence of oil at sea.” Hence, this paper contains its morphological description, obtained after careful examination of several specimens under light and scanning electron microscopy. The new species can be diagnosed by the presence of intersegmental brown stripes along all body segments, fused palps for most of its length, a prostomium semicircular with three antennae, one simple dorsal chaeta, one simple ventral chaeta and 3–4 falcigers bearing unidentate blades. Finally, an identification key and a comparative table are provided for all the species formally recorded in Brazil to date. Claparède 186 Environmental, Environmental “Environmental sea. sea Hence description microscopy segments length antennae 34 3 4 3– blades Finally date 18 1

ABSTRACT This article shows a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on polychaetes from Brazil, with a focus on the growth of the field, publication venues, citation patterns, the collaboration among the Brazilian community and foreign researchers, and the main research topics over time. The analysis was based on a corpus of 568 articles published in 144 journals, covering a period from 1966 to 2022. The results reveal significant growth in the field, with a surge in publications particularly in the last decade. The top journals for publishing include Zootaxa, JMBA, and Zoologia. However, despite this growth, the overall impact of the research output remains somewhat limited, with most articles receiving relatively low numbers of citations, and those with more citations have broader research questions. This research community directed its efforts especially to taxonomy and phylogenetics research, community ecology, and physiology (ecotoxicology). These topics formed a common ground for more specialized themes. International collaboration was driven by research specialization, better infrastructure, and funding of developed countries. However, seeking collaborations with countries from the global south can also enrich the research conducted by the Brazilian community and stimulate new scientific inquiries. Embracing greater creativity and audacity as well as pursuing common goals, should yet enhance the quality of scientific research and sustain the remarkable growth and consolidation of this renowned research community. Brazil field venues patterns researchers time 56 14 196 2022 decade Zootaxa JMBA Zoologia However limited questions ecology ecotoxicology. ecotoxicology . (ecotoxicology) themes specialization infrastructure inquiries goals 5 1 19 202 (ecotoxicology 20 2

Resumo Fraturas por estresse recorrentes num mesmo atleta são raras. Apresentamos o caso de uma triatleta que sofreu múltiplas fraturas por estresse na tíbia bilateral, na fíbula direita e no colo femoral esquerdo. O tratamento conservador foi instituído em todos os episódios, com repouso, redução da carga de treino e reabilitação fisioterápica. Foi identificada como fator de risco a síndrome da deficiência energética relativa no esporte, com distúrbio alimentar, sobrecarga de treino e osteopenia. Mesmo que seja raro, múltiplas fraturas por estresse podem ocorrer em mulheres triatletas, nas quais é importante avaliar os fatores de risco associados à biomecânica, nutrição e ao treinamento para arquitetar um programa de prevenção e tratamento efetivos.

Abstract Recurrent stress fractures rarely affect the same athlete. We present the case of a female triathlete who suffered multiple stress fractures in both tibias, the right fibula, and the left femoral neck. Conservative treatment was instituted in all episodes, with rest, reduced training load, and physical therapy rehabilitation. The relative energy deficiency in sport syndrome, along with an eating disorder, training overload, and osteopenia, was identified as a risk factor. Although rare, multiple stress fractures can occur in female triathletes. These patients must be screened for risk factors associated with biomechanics, nutrition, and training to develop an effective prevention and treatment program.

OBJETIVO: Pesquisar a prevalência das lesões do ligamento cruzado posterior (LCP) e suas combinações e correlações com o mecanismo e a ocorrência de luxação evidente e fratura associada. MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo de 85 lesões do LCP operadas entre 2003 e 2010. Diagnóstico por meio do exame físico e da radiografia dinâmica, confrontados com achados cirúrgicos. RESULTADOS: Lesões que envolveram o LCP foram mais prevalentes nos homens (78,8%) com média de idade de 33 anos. A causa principal foi o acidente de trânsito (73,80%), dos quais 49,4% de motocicleta. Lesão isolada do LCP ocorreu em 15,3% dos casos e combinada em 84,7%. Dentre as lesões isoladas, nove foram avulsões ósseas (10,6%). O ligamento mais associado às lesões do LCP foi o cruzado anterior (48,2%), seguido da lesão combinada do LCP com o ligamento colateral lateral/canto póstero-lateral (22,4%). Fraturas estiveram mais associadas à combinação LCP + LCL/CPL e não apareceram nas lesões do LCP + ligamento colateral medial/canto póstero-medial. Complicações além de fraturas: lesão de nervo periférico (4,8%) e vascular (1,2%). Luxação evidente no primeiro atendimento (16,7%), mais prevalente na combinação LCP + LCA + LCM/CPM (44,4%). Metade dos pacientes foi operada na fase aguda. Houve diferença estatística significativa (p < 0,05) na comparação de cada combinação de lesões de ligamentos com a presença de fratura, luxação evidente ou mecanismo do trauma. CONCLUSÃO: Lesões do LCP submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico em centro de atenção ao trauma ortopédico foram na sua maioria multiligamentares e envolveram principalmente o LCA. Houve associação significativa entre o tipo de lesão com o mecanismo de trauma, a forma de apresentação do joelho, se luxado ou reduzido, e a presença de fratura associada.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and combinations of PCL injuries and their correlations with the mechanism, the occurrence of evident dislocation and associated fracture. METHOD: A retrospective study of 85 lesions of PCL operated between 2003 and 2010. Diagnosis by physical examination and dynamic radiography, compared with surgical findings. RESULTS: Injuries involving the PCL were more prevalent in men (78.8%) with a mean age of 33 years. The main cause was traffic accidents (73.80%), and (49.4%) motorcycle. Isolated PCL injury occurred in (15.3%) cases, and combined (84.7%). Among the isolated lesions, bone avulsions were nine (10.6%). The most associated PCL injuries were the ACL (48.2%), followed by LCL PCL/PLC (22.4%). Fractures were more associated with combining PCL + LCL/PLC injuries and did not appear in the PCL + MCL/PMC. Complications beyond fractures: peripheral nerve injury (4.8%) and vascular (1.2%). Evident dislocation in primary care (16.7%) was more prevalent in combined ACL + PCL + MCL/PMC (44.4%). Half the patients were operated during the acute phase. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) comparing each combination of ligament injuries with the presence of fracture, dislocation or clear mechanism of injury. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment of PCL injuries in a center for orthopedic trauma care was mostly multiligament and mainly involving the ACL. A significant association was seen between the type of injury with mechanism of injury, presentation of the knee, if dislocated or reduced, and the presence of associated fracture.

Um método eficiente, limpo, quimiosseletivo e sem a utilização de solventes para a síntese de dimetil acetais de aldeídos e cetonas foi desenvolvido usando ortoformiato de trimetila e CeCl3 anidro como catalisador. O método é geral e, sob condições reacionais brandas, fornece compostos carbonílicos protegidos em bons rendimentos, incluindo aril e alquil cetonas e aldeídos. O catalisador pode ser reutilizado diretamente, três vezes, sem perda significativa da atividade.

An efficient, clean, chemoselective and solvent-free method for the synthesis of ketone and aldehyde dimethyl acetals was developed using trimethyl orthoformate and commercially available anhydrous CeCl3 as a recyclable catalyst. The method is general and affords the protected carbonyl compounds in good yields and under mild conditions, including aryl and alkyl ketones and activated aldehydes. The catalyst could be utilised directly for 3 cycles, without significant loss of activity.

Um método simples e geral foi desenvolvido para a síntese de selenetos e teluretos vinílicos a partir de alquinos terminais e dicalcogenetos de diorganoíla usando NaBH4 e [bmim]BF4 como solvente reciclável. Este método eficiente permite a formação preferencial de calcogenetos vinílicos de configuração Z na maioria dos exemplos estudados. Também foi observado que na reação envolvendo fenilacetileno, (E)-bis-fenilcalcogenoestirenos foram obtidos com bons rendimentos e alta seletividade. O líquido iônico foi reutilizado três vezes sem perda da eficiência.

A general and simple method for the synthesis of vinyl selenides and tellurides starting from terminal alkynes and diorganyl chalcogenides using NaBH4 and [bmim]BF4 as a recyclable solvent was developed. This efficient and improved method furnishes the corresponding vinyl chalcogenides preferentially with Z configuration. We also observed that when the same protocol was applied to phenyl acetylene, (E)-bis-phenylchalcogeno styrenes were obtained in good yields and high selectivity. The ionic liquid was reused up three times without lost of efficiency.

Este trabalho descreve um novo método para a reação de acoplamento entre selenetos e teluretos vinílicos e reagentes de Grignard, catalisada por Fe(acac)3 e à temperatura ambiente. A reação ocorre com retenção da configuração, fornecendo os respectivos alquenos em bons a excelentes rendimentos. Este método também é eficiente para a reação de acoplamento de calcogenetos bis-vinílicos com reagentes de Grignard.

A general new method for the cross-coupling reaction between vinylic selenides and tellurides and Grignard reagents catalyzed by Fe(acac)3 at room temperature is described. This reaction proceeded with retention of configuration, providing the respective alkenes in good to excellent yields. This method is also efficient for the coupling reaction of divinyl chalcogenides with Grignard reagents.

Um método simples e eficiente foi desenvolvido para a hidrocalcogenação de alquinos contendo um aceptor de Michael (éster, cetona e nitrila) com ânions fenilcalcogenolatos gerados in situ a partir do respectivo dicalcogeneto de difenila (Se, Te, S), usando hidreto de boro e sódio suportado em alumina e meio livre de solvente. Este método é geral e permite a obtenção de ésteres, cetonas e nitrilas (Z)-beta-fenilcalcogeno-<FONT FACE=Symbol>a,b</FONT>-insaturados, com rendimentos e seletividade comparados aos obtidos quando se utiliza solvente orgânico e atmosfera inerte. O uso de irradiação de microondas facilitou o procedimento e acelerou a reação.

A simple, clean and efficient solvent-free protocol was developed for hydrochalcogenation of alkynes containing a Michael acceptor (ester, ketone and nitrile) with phenylchalcogenolate anions generated in situ from the respective diphenyl dichalcogenide (Se, Te, S), using alumina supported sodium borohydride. This efficient and improved method is general and furnishes the respective (Z)-beta-phenylchalcogeno-<FONT FACE=Symbol>a,b</FONT>-unsaturated esters, ketones and nitriles, in good yield and higher selectivity, compared with those that use organic solvent and inert atmosphere. The use of microwave (MW) irradiation facilitates the procedure and accelerates the reaction.

Reação de 1-halo-1-organotio ou 1-halo-1-organoseleno alcenos com CuCN em NMP como solvente resulta em alfa-feniltio ou alfa-fenilseleno acrilonitrilas em bons rendimentos. A reação apresentou uma baixa estereosseletividade e os produtos foram obtidos como uma mistura de isômeros E/Z.

Reaction of 1-halo-1-organothio or 1-halo-1-organoseleno alkenes with CuCN in NMP as solvent provides alpha-phenylthio or alpha-phenylseleno acrylonitriles in good yields. The reaction showed a low stereoselectivity and the products were obtained as E/Z mixtures of isomers.