Abstract Chemical and pharmacological potentials of botanical species found in the Cerrado are well-known and widely studied. Chemical diversity of secondary metabolites produced by plants that belong to this Brazilian biome has triggered several studies in the fields of farming, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from fresh leaves of three species found in the Brazilian Cerrado: Cardiopetalum calophyllum Schltdl. (EO-CC), Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (EO-CA) and Protium ovatum Engl. (EO-PO) and at determining their anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory activities. Both GC-FID and GC-MS showed that the most abundant chemical class of the oils was the one of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The major constituents identified in EO-CC were germacrene D (34.9%) and bicyclogermacrene (26.8%). EO-CA exhibited mainly germacrene D (21.7%) while EO-PO had high concentrations of germacrene D (25.0%) and γ-muurolene (18.6%). EOs were tested by the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates and exhibited satisfactory activity against M. furfur, i. e., EO-CA had MIC = 375 µg/mL while EO-CC and EO-PO had MIC = 750 µg/mL. The chemotaxis model, which was used for evaluating their anti-inflammatory activity, showed that EOs exhibited effective results: C. calophyllum (EO-CC; IC50 = 24.4 µg/mL), C. adamantium (EO-CA; IC50 = 15.7 µg/mL) and P. ovatum (EO-PO; IC50 = 32.5 µg/mL). In short, biological activities of EO-CC, EO-CA and EO-PO, such as anti-Malassezia furfur and anti-inflammatory ones, were investigated and described for the first time. wellknown well known studied farming industries Therefore (EOs Schltdl EOCC, EOCC EO CC , (EO-CC) Cambess. Cambess (Cambess. O EOCA CA (EO-CA Engl EOPO PO (EO-PO antiMalassezia anti Malassezia antiinflammatory inflammatory GCFID GC FID GCMS MS hydrocarbons 34.9% 349 34 9 (34.9% 26.8%. 268 26.8% . 26 8 (26.8%) 21.7% 217 21 7 (21.7% 25.0% 250 25 0 (25.0% γmuurolene γ muurolene 18.6%. 186 18.6% 18 6 (18.6%) 96well 96 M i e e. 37 µgmL µg mL 75 model results C (EO-CC IC IC5 244 24 4 24. µg/mL, 157 15 15. P 325 32 5 32. short CC, EOPO, PO, ones time (Cambess 34.9 3 (34.9 26.8 2 (26.8% 21.7 (21.7 25.0 (25.0 18.6 1 (18.6% 34. (34. 26. (26.8 21. (21. 25. (25. 18. (18.6 (34 (26. (21 (25 (18. (3 (26 (2 (18 ( (1

Brazil has the greatest plant diversity in the world. Many species exhibit a wide range of phytochemical compounds which can be exploited in food, agronomic, pharmacological and medicinal plant industries. Therefore, the chemical composition and in vitro bioactivities of volatile oil from Psidium firmum fresh leaves (PfVO) were investigated for the first time. GC-FID and GC-MS analyses revealed 28 compounds in PfVO. The major ones were α-selinene (20.8%), β-caryophyllene (16.5%) and nerolidol (10.4%). Results showed that PfVO affected the growth of Leishmania amazonensis promastigote forms in a dose-dependent manner; its IC50 value was 14.05 µg/mL. PfVO also exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Listeria monocytogenes; MIC values ranged from 25 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL. Moreover, PfVO promoted normal cell growth inhibition at 61.02 ± 1.97 µg/mL. Antiproliferative activity was observed against human tumor cell lines; IC50 values of MCF-7 cells, HeLa cells and M059J cells were 47.91 µg/mL, 73.78 µg/mL and 41.94 µg/mL, respectively. Results provided strong evidence of the promising potential of PfVO as a nature-based antileishmanial, antibacterial and antiproliferative agent.

Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected and processed by Apis mellifera from parts of plants, buds and exudates. In Minas Gerais (MG) state, Brazil, green propolis is produced from the collection of resinous substance found in shoot apices of Baccharis dracunculifolia. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant, anti-Helicobacter pylori, antimycobacterial and antiproliferative activities of essential oil (EO) from Brazilian green propolis (BGP-EO). The oil showed high antibacterial activity against H. pylori (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL), Mycobacterium avium (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL) and M. tuberculosis (MIC = 64 µg/mL). Its antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro by both DPPH (IC50 = 23.48 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 32.18 µg/mL) methods. The antiproliferative activity in normal (GM07492A, lung fibroblasts) and tumor cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa and M059J) was analyzed by the XTT assay. BGP-EO showed inhibition of normal cell growth at 68.93 ± 2.56 µg/mL. Antiproliferative activity was observed against human tumor cell lines, whose IC50 values were 56.17, 66.43 and -65.83 µg/mL for MCF-7, HeLa and M059J cells, respectively. Its major constituents, which were determined by GC-FID and GC-MS, were carvacrol (20.7 %), acetophenone (13.5 %), spathulenol (11.0 %), (E)-nerolidol (9.7 %) and β-caryophyllene (6.2 %). These results showed the effectiveness of BGP-EO as a natural product which has promising biological activities.

Abstract Endodontic infections result from oral pathogenic bacteria which reach and infect dental pulp, as well as surrounding tissues, through cracks, unrepaired caries and failed caries restorations. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of essential oil from Psidium cattleianum leaves (PC-EO) and to assess its antibacterial activity against endodontic bacteria. Antibacterial activity of PC-EO was evaluated in terms of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates. Bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis (MIC = 20 µg/mL), Prevotella nigrescens (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL), Fusobacterium nucleatum (MIC = 12.5 µg/mL), Actinomyces naeslundii (MIC = 50 µg/mL), Bacteroides fragilis (MIC = 12.5 µg/mL), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL) and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL) were evaluated and compared to chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (CDH), the positive control. PC-EO was obtained by hydrodistillation with the use of a Clevenger-type apparatus whereas its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Viridiflorol (17.9%), β-caryophyllene (11.8%), 1,8-cineole (10.8%) and β-selinene (8.6%) were the major constituents found in PC-EO, which exhibited high antibacterial activity against all endodontic pathogens under investigation. Therefore, PC-EO, a promising source of bioactive compounds, may provide therapeutic solutions for the field of endodontics.

Resumo Este trabalho tem por objetivo investigar, pela primeira vez, as atividades antituberculose, antileishmania e antiproliferativa in vitro dos óleos essenciais (OEs) obtidos de folhas e flores de S. odoratissima. Avaliamos a atividade antimicobacteriana em termos da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM). Os OEs mostraram ser antimicrobianos ativos contra M. tuberculosis, com valores de CIM de 150 µg/mL (folhas) e 162,5 µg/mL (flores). Os óleos apresentam significativa atividade antiparasitária contra a forma promastigota de L. amazonensis, com valores de CI50 (50% de inibição do crescimento) de 14,36 ± 2,02 (folhas) e 19,89 ± 2,66 µg/mL (flores). A atividade antiproliferativa em linhagem celular normal (GM07492A, fibroblastos de pulmão) e tumorais (MCF-7, HeLa e M059J) foi realizada utilizando o ensaio XTT; os resultados foram expressos a partir do cálculo da Concentração Inibitória de 50% do crescimento celular (CI50) e o índice de seletividade foi calculado. OEs de folhas e flores apresentaram um CI50 de 502,97 ± 40,33 µg/mL e 370,60 ± 2,01 µg/mL para a linhagem GM07492A, respectivamente. Observou-se atividade antiproliferativa contra todas as linhagens celulares tumorais humanas, com valores de CI50 significativamente inferiores aos obtidos para a linhagem celular normal, demonstrando valores de CI50 para a linhagem MCF-7 (367,57 ± 4,46 µg/mL para OEs folhas e 357,70 ± 1,85 µg/mL para OEs flores) e M059J (492,53 ± 56,67 µg/mL para OEs folhas e 324,90 ± 6,72 µg/mL para OEs flores). Estes resultados in vitro mostraram que OEs de S. odoratissima podem ser um possível candidato que atue como agente antimicobacteriano, antiparasitário e antitumoral.

Abstract This paper aims to investigate, for the first time, in vitro antitubercular, antileishmanial and antiproliferative activities of essential oils (EOs) from S. odoratissima leaves and flowers - grown in midwestern Brazil - against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis and human tumor cell lines. Antimycobacterial activity of EOs was evaluated in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). EOs from leaves and flowers showed to be active antimicrobials against M. tuberculosis, since MIC values were 150 µg/mL and 162.5 µg/mL, respectively. Both EOs exhibited significant activity against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis; IC50 values (50% growth inhibition) were 14.36 ± 2.02 (EOs from leaves) and 19.89 ± 2.66 µg/mL (EOs from flowers). Antiproliferative activity in normal (GM07492A, lung fibroblasts) and tumor (MCF-7, HeLa and M059J) cell lines was performed by the XTT assay; results were expressed as IC50 (50% cell growth inhibition) and the selective index was calculated. IC50 values of EOs from leaves and flowers obtained in normal cell lines for were 502.97 ± 40.33 µg/mL and 370.60 ± 2.01 µg/mL, respectively. Antiproliferative activity was observed against human tumor cell lines, whose IC50 values were significantly lower than those obtained in normal cell lines of MCF-7 cells (367.57 ± 4.46 µg/mL-EOs from leaves and 357.70 ± 1.85 µg/mL-EOs from flowers) and M059J cells (492.53 ± 56.67 µg/mL-EOs from leaves and 324.90 ± 6.72 µg/mL-EOs from flowers), thus, indicating selectivity. These in vitro results showed that EOs from S. odoratissima may be an antimycobacterial, antiparasitic and antitumor agent.

This study aims to investigate chemical composition of essential oils from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (Rutaceae) ripe and unripe fruits and determine their in vitro antibacterial activity. Essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack ripe and unripe fruits collected in the Cerrado, in Rio Verde, southwestern Goiás, Brazil. They were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sesquiterpenes, which represent the most abundant class of compounds in oils, predominated in both ripe and unripe fruits. Major constituents of essential oils extracted from ripe fruits (RF-EO) were (-caryophyllene (21.3%), (-ylangene (13.3%), germacrene-D (10.9%) and (-zingiberene (9.7%) whereas the ones of unripe fruits (UF-EO) were sesquithujene (25.0%), (-zingiberene (18.2%), germacrene-D (13.1%) and (-copaene (12.7%). In vitro antibacterial activity of essential oils was evaluated in terms of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates. Both essential oils under investigation showed moderate anti-streptococcal activity against the following bacteria: Streptococcus mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus and S. salivarius. MIC values ranged between 100 and 400 µg/mL. Regarding the antimycobacterial activity, essential oils from M. paniculata (L.) Jack unripe and ripe fruits were active against Mycobacterium kansasii (MIC = 250 µg/mL), moderately active against M. tuberculosis (MIC = 500 µg/mL) and inactive against M. avium (MIC = 2000 µg/mL). This study was pioneer in revealing similar chemical profiles of both essential oils extracted from Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack unripe and ripe fruits, besides describing their in vitro anti-streptococcal and antimycobacterial activities.

ABSTRACT Propolis, is a bee product collected from exudates and flower buds of several plants, has strong aroma and several biological applications. This study aimed at evaluating the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of volatile oil from Brazilian brown propolis. It was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Volatile oil from brown propolis exhibited strong antibacterial activity against H. pylori (MIC 3.25 µg/ml), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC 50 µg/ml) and M. avium (MIC 62.5 µg/ml). It was evaluated in vitro for antioxidant activity by DPPH (IC50 25.0 µg/ml) and ABTS (IC50 30.1 µg/ml) methods. Its cytotoxic property was evaluated in normal (human fibroblasts, GM07429A) and tumor (MCF-7-human breast adenocarcinoma; HeLa-human cervical adenocarcinoma and M059J-human glioblastoma) cell lines. IC50 values were 81.32 µg/ml for GM07429A and 85.00, 129.40 and 84.12 µg/ml for MCF-7, HeLa and M059J cells, respectively. Three major dereplicated components of volatile oil from brown propolis were acetophenone (15.2%), nerolidol (13.3%), and spathulenol (11.6%). Our results contribute to a better understanding of the chemical and biological properties of Brazilian brown propolis and provide evidence for its potential medicinal use.

Resumo O direito à saude se interconecta com o direito à cidade na medida em que, ao se garantir espaços urbanos saudáveis para a população, garante-se também a redução de iniquidades e a expansão do usufruto dos efeitos positivos da urbanização a grupos postergados e desfavorecidos. A interconexão entre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde é hipotetizado como propulsor necessário à promoção da equidade. Este artigo busca explorar esta interconexão entre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde, ancorado em uma revisão integrativa, norteada pela questão: Qual o conhecimento produzido sobre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde à luz da equidade? Analisaram-se evidências disponíveis na literatura indexadas no PubMed/Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, entre 1986 e 2016. Foram identificados nas três décadas analisadas distintos níveis de presença do direito à cidade e do direito à saúde na formulação de políticas e na agenda de revindicações dos movimentos sociais. Formulações em torno do crescimento populacional afastam da agenda os direitos, enquanto numa fase posterior o adensamento democrático revitaliza a luta pelos direitos à saúde. Num terceiro momento de visibilização política dos espaços geográficos excluídos e das agendas identitárias, entra forte no jogo a luta pelo direito de todos e todas à cidade.

Abstract Right to health intertwines with right to the city: guaranteed access to healthy urban spaces reduces inequities among the population, so that disadvantaged groups can also enjoy positive urbanization effects. In this sense, interconnection between right to the city and right to health promotes equity. This article seeks to explore the interconnection between right to the city and right to health on the basis of an integrative review guided by the question ‘What knowledge about right to the city and right to health has been produced in the light of equity?’ For this purpose, we analyzed evidence available in the literature indexed in PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, and SciELO between 1986 and 2016. Over this three-decade span, we identified the presence of different degrees of right to the city and right to health in the formulation of policies and in social movement agendas. Formulations regarding population growth moved away from the rights agenda, but in a later phase of democratic consolidation, the fight for rights to health re-emerged. In a third moment of the political visibility of excluded geographical spaces and multiple identity agendas, the struggle to ensure everyone's right to the city came on strong in the game.

Resumo A partir de observações no campo da Promoção da Saúde, junto a pacientes de um Centro de Reabilitação no interior de São Paulo, notou-se que eles apresentam dificuldades em lidar com as limitações físicas adquiridas quando estas os incapacitavam para o trabalho. Objetivou-se ampliar os modos de escuta para facilitar o diálogo com pessoas em situações de debilidade física e afastadas de suas atividades laborais, utilizando o Photovoice, método de pesquisa-ação participativa, como ferramenta e o referencial teórico da Promoção da Saúde. As imagens captadas e os relatos que as acompanharam consistiram no material deste estudo. Duas categorias temáticas se sobressaíram: a decisão pericial e a condição física (vaidade, poder e esperança). A atividade laboral é percebida como determinante da inserção do indivíduo em seu meio, além de definir seu papel na família e no campo social. Diante da incapacidade, percebem-se sem identidade, vulneráveis e sem perspectivas futuras de reinserção social. Observase um processo de desajuste individual, familiar, mas sem visibilidade social e com consequências negativas para a saúde global. O Photovoice se mostrou efetivo na apreensão das percepções e no estímulo para o debate, fornecendo subsídios essenciais para a Promoção da Equidade em grupos em desvantagem social.

Abstract Health Promotion observations of patients from a Rehabilitation Center in rural São Paulo evidenced that these people faced difficulties in dealing with their physical limitations when these prevented them from working. This study aimed to broaden listening methods to facilitate dialogue with people in situations of physical frailty and removal from their work activities, using Photovoice, a participatory research-action method, as a tool and Health Promotion's theoretical framework. Images captured and reports that accompanied them consisted of the material of this study. Two thematic categories stood out: the expert decision; and physical condition: vanity, power and hope. Labor activity is perceived as a determinant of individuals’ introduction in their environment and defines their role in the family and in the social field. Faced with disability, they feel deprived of their identity, vulnerable and without future prospects of social reintegration, an individual and familiar misfit process, but without social visibility and with negative consequences for global health is observed. Photovoice proved to be effective in apprehending perceptions and stimulating debate, providing essential inputs to promote equity in socially disadvantaged groups.

Resumo O direito à saude se interconecta com o direito à cidade na medida em que, ao se garantir espaços urbanos saudáveis para a população, garante-se também a redução de iniquidades e a expansão do usufruto dos efeitos positivos da urbanização a grupos postergados e desfavorecidos. A interconexão entre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde é hipotetizado como propulsor necessário à promoção da equidade. Este artigo busca explorar esta interconexão entre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde, ancorado em uma revisão integrativa, norteada pela questão: Qual o conhecimento produzido sobre o direito à cidade e o direito à saúde à luz da equidade? Analisaram-se evidências disponíveis na literatura indexadas no PubMed/Medline, Lilacs e SciELO, entre 1986 e 2016. Foram identificados nas três décadas analisadas distintos níveis de presença do direito à cidade e do direito à saúde na formulação de políticas e na agenda de revindicações dos movimentos sociais. Formulações em torno do crescimento populacional afastam da agenda os direitos, enquanto numa fase posterior o adensamento democrático revitaliza a luta pelos direitos à saúde. Num terceiro momento de visibilização política dos espaços geográficos excluídos e das agendas identitárias, entra forte no jogo a luta pelo direito de todos e todas à cidade.

Abstract Right to health intertwines with right to the city: guaranteed access to healthy urban spaces reduces inequities among the population, so that disadvantaged groups can also enjoy positive urbanization effects. In this sense, interconnection between right to the city and right to health promotes equity. This article seeks to explore the interconnection between right to the city and right to health on the basis of an integrative review guided by the question ‘What knowledge about right to the city and right to health has been produced in the light of equity?’ For this purpose, we analyzed evidence available in the literature indexed in PubMed/Medline, Lilacs, and SciELO between 1986 and 2016. Over this three-decade span, we identified the presence of different degrees of right to the city and right to health in the formulation of policies and in social movement agendas. Formulations regarding population growth moved away from the rights agenda, but in a later phase of democratic consolidation, the fight for rights to health re-emerged. In a third moment of the political visibility of excluded geographical spaces and multiple identity agendas, the struggle to ensure everyone's right to the city came on strong in the game.

Resumo A partir de observações no campo da Promoção da Saúde, junto a pacientes de um Centro de Reabilitação no interior de São Paulo, notou-se que eles apresentam dificuldades em lidar com as limitações físicas adquiridas quando estas os incapacitavam para o trabalho. Objetivou-se ampliar os modos de escuta para facilitar o diálogo com pessoas em situações de debilidade física e afastadas de suas atividades laborais, utilizando o Photovoice, método de pesquisa-ação participativa, como ferramenta e o referencial teórico da Promoção da Saúde. As imagens captadas e os relatos que as acompanharam consistiram no material deste estudo. Duas categorias temáticas se sobressaíram: a decisão pericial e a condição física (vaidade, poder e esperança). A atividade laboral é percebida como determinante da inserção do indivíduo em seu meio, além de definir seu papel na família e no campo social. Diante da incapacidade, percebem-se sem identidade, vulneráveis e sem perspectivas futuras de reinserção social. Observase um processo de desajuste individual, familiar, mas sem visibilidade social e com consequências negativas para a saúde global. O Photovoice se mostrou efetivo na apreensão das percepções e no estímulo para o debate, fornecendo subsídios essenciais para a Promoção da Equidade em grupos em desvantagem social.

Abstract Health Promotion observations of patients from a Rehabilitation Center in rural São Paulo evidenced that these people faced difficulties in dealing with their physical limitations when these prevented them from working. This study aimed to broaden listening methods to facilitate dialogue with people in situations of physical frailty and removal from their work activities, using Photovoice, a participatory research-action method, as a tool and Health Promotion's theoretical framework. Images captured and reports that accompanied them consisted of the material of this study. Two thematic categories stood out: the expert decision; and physical condition: vanity, power and hope. Labor activity is perceived as a determinant of individuals’ introduction in their environment and defines their role in the family and in the social field. Faced with disability, they feel deprived of their identity, vulnerable and without future prospects of social reintegration, an individual and familiar misfit process, but without social visibility and with negative consequences for global health is observed. Photovoice proved to be effective in apprehending perceptions and stimulating debate, providing essential inputs to promote equity in socially disadvantaged groups.

Foi avaliada a ação de pastas formuladas com hidróxido de cálcio P.A. e diferentes veículos (solução fisiológica - pasta A e óleo de Copaifera langsdorffii Desfon - pasta B) sobre microrganismos bucais e formação de ponte dentinária em cães. A ação antimicrobiana das pastas e de seus componentes individuais foi avaliada pela técnica da concentração inibitória mínima pela diluição em ágar. Os materiais foram diluídos e avaliados contra quinze cepas padrão de microrganismos relacionados a doenças endodônticas. Os microrganismos foram cultivados e, após a incubação, os dados foram analisados (Anova One-Way, Tukey, P≤0,05). Para a avaliação da formação de ponte dentinária, quatro incisivos superiores de dez animais foram tratados, sendo dois capeados com pasta A (GA) e dois com a pasta B (GB). Após 90 dias, os dentes foram extraídos para obtenção de cortes histológicos, com o objetivo de se avaliar o grau de formação de ponte dentinária. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística (Kruskal-Wallis, P<0,05). Segundo a ação antimicrobiana, os materiais foram classificados em ordem decrescente: hidróxido de cálcio P.A., pasta A, pasta B e óleo de Copaifera langsdorffii Desfon, com diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o hidróxido de cálcio P.A., as pastas e os veículos. Ao final do estudo, observou-se que as duas pastas avaliadas foram semelhantes quanto à formação de ponte dentinária. Considerando-se os microrganismos selecionados, conclui-se que as pastas avaliadas foram semelhantes entre si em termos de potencial antimicrobiano, diferindo dos componentes individuais. Em relação à formação de ponte dentinária, não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre os dentes tratados com as diferentes pastas.

This study analysed the effect of pastes formulated with calcium hydroxide P.A. and different vehicles (saline solution - paste A and Copaifera langsdorffii Desfon oil - paste B) on oral microorganisms and dentin bridge formation in dogs. The antimicrobial action of the pastes and their components was analysed by the minimum inhibitory concentration in agar gel technique. The components were diluted and tested on fifteen standard strains of microorganisms associated with endodontic diseases. The microorganisms were cultivated and after incubation data was analysed using One-Way ANOVA and Turkey's test (P≤0.05). Four superior incisors of ten animals were used to evaluate dentin bridge formation. Two incisors were capped with paste A (GA) and two with paste B (GB). After 90 days, the teeth were extracted for histological analysis and the degree of dentin bridge formation evaluated. Data was analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (P<0.05). The pastes and their components were classified in the following decreasing order of antimicrobial action: calcium hydroxide P.A., paste A, paste B and Copaifera langsdorffii Desfon oil. Calcium hydroxide P.A. showed significantly higher antimicrobial action than the pastes or their vehicles. No significant difference was observed between the two pastes in dentin bridge formation. Based on the microorganisms studied, it can be concluded that the pastes analysed showed similar antimicrobial potential but differed significantly from their individual components. No significant difference was observed in dentin bridge formation between the different pastes tested.

In Brazilian folk medicine, Tetradenia riparia (Hochst.) Codd. (Lamiaceae) is used to treat toothaches and dental abscesses and diseases induced by worms, bacteria, or fungi. This paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and the antibacterial effects of the essential oil obtained from Tetradenia riparia leaves (TR-EO) grown in Southeastern Brazil against a representative panel of oral pathogens. We evaluated the antibacterial activity of TR-EO in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). We identified aromadendrene oxide (14.0%), (E,E)-farnesol (13.6%), dronabinol (12.5%), and fenchone (6.2%) as the major constituents of TR-EO. TR-EO displayed MIC values between 31.2 and 500 μg/mL, with the lowest MIC value being obtained against Streptococcus mitis (31.2 μg/mL), S. mutans (62.5 μg/mL), S. sobrinus (31.2 μg/mL), and Lactobacillus casei (62.5 μg/mL). In time-kill experiments, TR-EO demonstrated bactericidal activity against S. mutans within the first 12 h, resulting in a curve profile similar to that of chlorhexidine. These results revealed that the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia displays promising activity against most of the selected cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans.