SUMMARY Network theory is beginning to be discussed in the framework of educational Sciences. Network analysis can help visualize the hidden curricular structure of different university careers, recognizing weak links or disconnections. However, at present there are few precedents of practical applications in the curricular diagnosis of university degrees. This work studies the curricular relationships between curricular spaces of an agronomic engineering degree, applying the network theory. Relationships were quantified between curricular spaces, identifying the strength of the links between them at a horizontal and vertical axis, in spaces of knowledge axes and knowledge cycles, analyzing the extent of content recursivity based on their programs. The curricular spaces from the superior cycles are better interrelated than those from the lower cycles. The nodal curricular spaces are those with the largest number of internal and external links. Consolidation areas tend, in general, to the integration of knowledge. It is suggested to strengthen horizontal and vertical links among curricular spaces, especially in the basic cycles, either directly or through nodal curricular spaces, incorporating common activities or linking common practical contents.

RESUMEN La teoría de redes comenzó a discutirse en el marco de las Ciencias de la Educación. El análisis de redes contribuye a visualizar la estructura oculta de los planes de estudio de diferentes carreras universitarias, reconociendo puntos débiles o desconexiones. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, existen escasos antecedentes de aplicaciones prácticas para el diagnóstico de planes de estudio de carreras universitarias. En este trabajo, se estudian las relaciones curriculares en la carrera de Ingeniería Agronómica, aplicando la teoría de redes. Se cuantificaron las relaciones entre espacios curriculares, identificando la fortaleza de los vínculos entre ellos, a nivel horizontal y vertical, en espacios de ejes de conocimiento y ciclos de conocimiento, analizando el grado de recursividad de los contenidos a partir de sus programas. Los espacios curriculares de los ciclos superiores se encuentran mejor interrelacionados que los de los ciclos inferiores. Los espacios curriculares nodales son los de mayor número de vínculos internos y externos. Las áreas de consolidación propenden, en general, a la integración de conocimientos. Se sugiere fortalecer vínculos horizontales y verticales entre espacios curriculares, especialmente en los ciclos básicos, ya sea de manera directa, o bien, a través de espacios curriculares nodales, incorporando actividades comunes o vinculando contenidos prácticos en común.

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of dietary grape pomace flour (GPF) inclusion on the performance and egg quality of European quails (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) in lay. One hundred ninety-two (192), 42-day-old quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6% grape pomace flour inclusion) with six replicates of eight birds each. The performance parameters egg weight (g), average feed intake (g/bird), total feed intake (g/bird), egg production (%) and feed conversion ratio (kg/dozen) were evaluated, as well as egg quality traits Haugh unit, albumen weight (g), yolk weight (g), eggshell thickness (mm), egg specific gravity (g/cm3), and yolk pigmentation. There was no effect (p>0.05) of dietary GPF levels on egg production, feed intake, or feed conversion ratio. Egg weight, albumen weight, and egg specific gravity linearly decreased (p<0.05) as GPM levels increased in the diet. Haugh unit and eggshell thickness were not affected (p>0.05) by the treatments. A quadratic effect (p<0.05) was observed for yolk weight, with an estimated maximal inclusion level of grape pomace flour of 4.18% to obtain the highest yolk weight. A quadratic effect (p<0.05) was also observed on yolk pigmentation, with an estimated minimal level of 3.2% for this parameter. The minimal inclusion of 3.2% of grape pomace flour in quail diets influenced the egg yolk pigmentation, demonstrating its efficiency as a pigmentation additive.

Objective: To assess breakfast habits and conditioning factors among university students from the Department of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences, and establish if there is a relationship between the quality of breakfast and Body Mass Index (BMI). Method: a descriptive cross- sectional study was carried out. 130 students of both sexes (18-21 years old) were surveyed. A selfadministered questionnaire was used to show the foods consumed at breakfast and assess their quality. It was considered "breakfast of good quality" the one that included at least one food from each one of dairy, cereals and fruit groups. The students´ weight and height were measured to calculate their BMI. Results: The distribution of population according to BMI was as follows: 82% were classified as Normal Weight, 5% Underweight, 12% Overweight and 1% Obesity. 95% of the students said they had breakfast, but only 15% had a "good quality breakfast". In the case of the students that did not have breakfast, the main reasons were lack of time and hunger when getting up. 71% had a mid-morning collation. In most of the cases, the choice of foods for the collation was not adequate to complete the breakfast. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among university students was not associated with the quality of breakfast. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is necessary to improve the quality of students' breakfast. It is important to encourage a responsible choice of the food consumed at breakfast and emphasize the importance of complementing it with an adequate collation if the breakfast was not of good quality.

Objetivo: Conocer el hábito de desayuno y los factores que lo condicionan en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, y establecer si existe relación entre la calidad del desayuno y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se encuestaron 130 estudiantes de ambos sexos (18-21 años). Se utilizó un cuestionario cualitativo y autoadministrado para conocer los alimentos ingeridos en el desayuno y evaluar su calidad. Se consideró"desayuno de buena calidad" aquél que incluía al menos un alimento del grupo de los lácteos, de los cereales y de las frutas. Los alumnos se pesaron y midieron en altura para calcular el IMC. Resultados: La distribución de la población según el IMC fue la siguiente: 82% fueron categorizados en Normopeso, 5% Bajo Peso, 12% Sobrepeso y 1% Obesidad. El 95% de los estudiantes manifestaron desayunar, pero sólo el 15% realizó un "desayuno de buena calidad". En los estudiantes que omitieron el desayuno, los principales motivos fueron la falta de tiempo y de hambre al levantarse. El 71% realizó una colación a media mañana. En la mayoría, la selección de alimentos para la colación no fue adecuada para completar el desayuno. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en los estudiantes universitarios no estuvo asociada a la calidad del desayuno. Conclusión: Los resultados obtenidos indican que es necesario mejorar la calidad del desayuno de los estudiantes Es importante fomentar la selección responsable de los alimentos consumidos en el desayuno y destacar la importancia de complementarlo con una colación adecuada en el caso que no hubiera sido de buena calidad.

Com o objetivo de verificar a fonte de carbono e a posição trófica das principais espécies de peixe da planície de inundação do rio Paraná, foram analisadas as proporções de isótopos estáveis de carbono (delta13C) e nitrogênio (delta15N) em músculos de peixes amostrados no período de chuvas. Foram analisados indivíduos adultos das espécies Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris, Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus, Leporinus friderici e Serrasalmus marginatus. e dados foram comparados com os resultados da análise do conteúdo estomacal. Os produtores primários existentes no subsistema Baía foram as plantas C3 (vegetação ripária, macrófitas, perifíton e fitoplâncton) e as plantas C4 (macrófitas). O resultado da análise de contribuição revelou que o carbono utilizado pelas espécies foi proveniente das plantas C3. Conforme as estimativas da posição trófica (dieta e delta15N), as espécies foram categorizadas como consumidoras primárias (Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris e Leporinus friderici) e consumidoras secundárias (Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus e Serrasalmus marginatus). Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois métodos utilizados.

In order to verify the carbon source and trophic position of the main species of fishes, of the Paraná River floodplain, we analysed the proportion of stable carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) isotopes in muscle of fishes sampled in the rainy season. We analyzed adult individuals of Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris, Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus, Leporinus friderici, and Serrasalmus marginatus. These data were compared with the results obtained by the analyzing stomach contents. The primary producers found in the Baía River were the C3 plants (riparian vegetation, macrophytes, periphyton, and phytoplankton) and the C4 plants (macrophytes). The results of the contribution analysis revealed that the carbon used by the species was derived from C3 plants. According to the trophic position estimates (diet and delta15N), the species primarily consumed Loricariichthys platymetopon, Schizodon borellii, Leporinus lacustris, and Leporinus friderici and, secondarily Auchenipterus osteomystax, Iheringichthys labrosus, and Serrasalmus marginatus. There was no significant difference between the two methods utilized.

We present a review of the Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO), describing its operation and the quantum correlation between the light beams generated by this oscillator. We show the construction of an OPO using a Potassium Titanyl Phosphate crystal (KTP), pumped by a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser, and discuss the stability of the system and related thermal effects. We have measured the quantum correlation of signal and idler beams in a transient regime, obtaining a noise correlation level 39 % below the shot noise level.