Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and non-thermal plasma (NTP) on adhesion and sealer penetration in root canals. Material and Methods Sixty single-rooted premolars were used. The teeth were prepared using a crown-down technique. NaOCl and EDTA were used for irrigation and smear layer removal, respectively. The root canals were divided into three groups: control, PDT, and NTP. After treatments, the roots were filled using gutta-percha and either AH Plus (AHP) or MTA Fillapex (MTAF) sealers. Samples were sectioned at 4, 8, and 12 mm from the apex (1-mm slices)and analyzed by the push-out bond strength test (adhesion) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (sealer penetration). Data were statistically evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn’s, and Spearman’s tests. Results Regarding AHP, bond strength was similar in the NTP group and in the control group, but significantly lower in the PDT group. As to MTAF, both therapies showed lower values than the control group. In the confocal analysis of AHP, maximum and mean penetration, and penetrated area were statistically higher in the control group than in the PDT and NTP groups. Penetrated perimeter was similar among groups. Regarding MTAF, all parameters yielded better results in the NTP than in the control group. The PDT and control groups showed similar results except for penetrated area. Conclusion PDT and plasma therapy affected the adhesion and sealer penetration of root canals filled with AH Plus and MTA Fillapex and there is no positive correlation between adhesion and sealer penetration.

Filósofos, educadores e curriculistas, comprometidos com o paradigma da educação emancipatória de vários países, compartilham a ideia de que o pensamento de Paulo Freire está sempre em movimento e dialoga com diferentes questões contemporâneas, assim como traz elementos norteadores para a construção da teoria curricular crítica e eticamente empenhada na humanização dos sujeitos. Nessa direção, o presente artigo analisa os elementos que configuram a proposta educacional libertadora e o diálogo como uma das categorias fundantes do pensar freireano para tratar das questões sobre o currículo na perspectiva crítico-emancipatória. A pesquisa privilegia a abordagem de natureza qualitativa e elege, como procedimento investigativo, o estudo bibliográfico. Para a análise dos dados, toma como referência a técnica de Análise Temática na perspectiva de Laurence Bardin.

Philosophers, educators and curriculum experts committed to the paradigm of emancipatory education in several countries share the idea that the political-pedagogical thinking of Paulo Freire is always in motion and that it dialogues with various contemporary issues, thus providing guidance for the construction of a curriculum theory emancipatory and ethically committed to humanize each individual. This article analyzes the elements that shape a liberating educational proposition, showing the dialogue as one of the founding categories of Freire's thinking, appropriated to deal with curriculum issues in a critical-emancipatory perspective.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. The most frequent therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this disease are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and surgery. Conventional pharmacological treatments cause many harmful side effects in patients. To improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients, researchers have sought alternative adjuvant treatment strategies. To assess the effects of fungi and other basidiomycetes Agaricales on the co-adjuvant treatment of breast cancer, we conducted a literary review of the available scientific evidence. We selected articles published in refereed journals from 1990 to 2011 in Medline, Lilacs, CAPES, Scielo, and Pubmed. Articles written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were reviewed. We used the following descriptors: Agaricales, medicinal mushroom/fungus, breast cancer, dietary supplementation, synonyms, and related terms. The pharmacological effects of nutritional and medicinal mushrooms have been reported in several experimental clinical studies and have shown promising results in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Adjuvant treatment with mushrooms is associated with improvements in the immunological and hematologic parameters of breast cancer, as well as in the quality of life of these patients. Randomized clinical studies are needed to elucidate the possible mechanisms of action and clinical benefits of these fungi with respect to survival time, disease progression, and metastasis in breast cancer.