OBJETIVO: Testar a hipótese de que o índice de pulsatilidade da veia pulmonar é maior em fetos de mães diabéticas do que em fetos normais. MÉTODOS: Examinados 24 fetos de mães com diabetes prévio ou gestacional (casos) e 25 fetos normais de mães sem doença sistêmica (controles). Os fetos foram examinados pela ecocardiografia pré-natal com Doppler e mapeamento de fluxo em cores. O índice de pulsatilidade da veia pulmonar foi obtido colocando-se a amostra volume do Doppler pulsado sobre a veia pulmonar superior direita e aplicando-se a fórmula (velocidade sistólica-velocidade pré-sistólica)/velocidade média. RESULTADOS: Os casos apresentaram idade gestacional média de 30,3 ± 2,7 semanas, e os controles, de 29, ± 3,3 semanas, sem diferença significativa entre as idades gestacionais nos dois grupos (p = 0,14). Os fetos de mães diabéticas apresentaram índice de pulsatilidade da veia pulmonar médio de 1,6 ± 1 e os fetos do grupo controle 0,86 ± 0,27. CONCLUSÃO: Fetos de mães diabéticas apresentam índice de pulsatilidade da veia pulmonar (parâmetro Doppler-ecocardiográfico de fácil obtenção, que pode estar relacionado com a função diastólica fetal) maior do que os de mães com glicemia normal.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the hypothesis that the pulmonary vein pulsatility index is higher in fetuses of diabetic mothers than it is in normal fetuses of nondiabetic mothers. METHODS: Twenty-four fetuses of mothers with either gestational or previous diabetes (cases), and 25 normal fetuses of mothers without systemic disease (control) were examined. Fetuses were examined through prenatal Doppler and color flow mapping. The pulmonary vein pulsatility index was obtained by placing the pulsed Doppler sample volume over the right superior pulmonary vein and applying the formula (systolic velocity - presystolic velocity)/mean velocity. RESULTS: The mean gestational age of the study fetuses was 30.3±2.7 weeks, and gestational age of the controls was 29±3.3 weeks, with no significant difference in gestational age between groups (p=0.14). Fetuses of diabetic mothers had a mean pulmonary vein pulsatility index of 1.6±1, and those of the control group had an index of 0.86±0.27. CONCLUSION: Fetuses of diabetic mothers had pulmonary vein pulsatility indexes (parameter easily obtained through Doppler echocardiography that may be related to fetal diastolic function) higher than those in fetuses of mothers with normal glycemia.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the relative incidence, presentation, and evolvement of fetuses with early ductus constriction. METHODS: Twenty fetal echocardiograms indicating ductus constriction were reviewed in a population of 7000 pregnants. RESULTS: The cases were divided into group A (related to maternal use of cyclooxygenase inhibitors [n=7] and group B (idiopathics [n=13]). Mean gestational age was 32.5±3.1 (27-38) weeks and maternal age was 28.2±8.5 (17-42) years. Mean systolic velocity in the ductus was 2.22±0.34 (1.66-2.81) m/s, diastolic velocity 0.79±0.28 (0.45-1.5) m/s, and pulsatility index 1.33±0.36 (0.52-1.83). Two cases of ductal occlusion were noted. In 65% of the cases, an increase occurred in the right cavities; in 90% of the cases, tricuspid or pulmonary regurgitation, or both, occurred, with functional pulmonary atresia in 1 case. Diastolic velocity was greater in group A (1.13±0.33) than in group B (0.68±0.15) (P=0.008). The other data were similar in the 2 groups. The evolvement was not favorable in 4 patients from group B, including 1 death and 2 cases of persistent pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSION: The high incidence of idiopathic constriction of the ductus arteriosus suggests that its diagnosis is underestimated and that many cases of persistence of fetal circulation in newborns may be related to constriction of the ductus arteriosus not diagnosed during intrauterine life. Group B had a lower severity but a risk of an unfavorable evolvement, suggesting a distinct alteration.