The aim of this study was to determine the chemical variability of Allamanda cathartica flowers collected in different localities of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Extractive solutions (25 samples) were analyzed by HPLC-DAD for the qualitative and quantitative profiles of the iridoid plumieride, the flavonoid rutin as well as total flavonoid content expressed in rutin. The chemical variability was evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA). The samples demonstrated similar chromatographic profiles. In PCA analysis, Araquari samples AC01, AC08 and AC25 did not group with other samples obtained from other locations. In the HCA analysis, it was possible to observe hierarchially similar groups, generating 5 clusters. Group 5 (samples AC01, AC08 and AC25) presented lower similarity compared to the other groups. This dissimilarity can be explained by the amount of metabolites from each collection. Regarding the content of markers, it was observed a variation between 27 to 230 mg/g, 2.7 to 9.5 mg/g and 7.14 to 17.8 mg/g for plumieride, rutin, and total flavonoids, respectively. The samples from Araquari (AC01, AC08, AC25) presented the highest concentrations of chemical markers. Therefore, for reproducibility and standardization of A. cathartica flower extracts, it is important to determine the location and the plant cultivation conditions.

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo o estabelecimento de parâmetros para análise morfo-anatômica das partes aéreas (caule e folhas) da planta Wedelia paludosa DC., Asteraceae. A droga vegetal e o respectivo pó foram submetidos às análises macro e microscópica após preparação de lâminas semi-permanentes de cortes transversais e paradérmicos. O pó foi analisado após diafanização com cloral hidratado. É uma planta herbácea com caule castanho-avermelhado, folhas opostas, curto-pecioladas e membranáceas, apresentando pêlos nas duas faces, estreitada em direção à base acima do meio provida de dois pequenos lobos laterais e um terminal, maior e denteado. A planta apresenta secção circular de caule, que em crescimento primário, possui epiderme, colênquima angular, parênquima cortical e cilindro vascular, assim como oxalato de cálcio (várias drusas e alguns cristais prismáticos). A folha é simples, contendo tricomas tectores e estômato anomocítico. O mesofilo possui organização dorso-ventral e a nervura central, em corte transversal, apresenta-se côncavo-convexo com três feixes colaterais e presença de drusas de oxalato de cálcio nas células parenquimáticas. No pó obtido da droga vegetal foram verificadas as mesmas estruturas microscópicas observadas na droga vegetal rasurada. Os parâmetros morfo-anatômicos estabelecidos neste trabalho permitem o controle de qualidade macro e microscópico da planta tanto rasurada como na forma de pó.

This study aimed to establish parameters for morphoanatomical analysis of the aerial parts (stem and leaves) of the plant Wedelia paludosa DC., Asteraceae. The drug and its respective powder were characterized by macro and microscopic analysis after obtaining semi-permanent lamina of transverse and paradermal sections. The powder was analyzed after being cleared with chloral hydrate. It is an herbaceous plant with reddish-brown stems, opposite leaves, short-petiolated and membranous, with hair on both faces, narrowed towards the base up the middle provided with two small lateral lobes and a, large and jagged terminal. The plant has circular cross-section of stem, in which the primary growth, has epidermis, angular collenchyma, cortical parenchyma and vascular cylinder, as well as calcium oxalate (several clusters and some prismatic crystals). The leaf is simple, containing trichomes and stomata. The mesophyll has dorsiventral organization and the midrib, in cross section presents concave-convex face with three bundles and presence of calcium oxalate in parenchymal cells. In the powder was found the same structures observed in microscopic drug erased. The morphoanatomical parameters established in this work allow the macro and microscopic quality control of power and sectioned drug.