Plectranthus amboinicus is an aromatic herb often used in traditional medicine due to its antimicrobial properties. Based on it, the present study aimed to assess the toxic, antioxidant and, antibacterial properties of P. amboinicus essential oil (EO) either separated or mixed into fish feed. The chemical composition of the EO was also investigated. All samples were prepared with over 50% of carvacrol. The results revealed that the EO is a weak antioxidant and highly toxic against Artemia salina, showing greater antibacterial activity than positive control of chloramphenicol and synergistic effects. The EO also presented high antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila strains when free or feed-incorporated, thus being a promising product for the treatment of opportunistic infections in fish. it P (EO feed investigated 50 carvacrol salina effects feedincorporated, feedincorporated incorporated, incorporated feed-incorporated 5

Abstract In many cases, traditional analysis of breeding trials based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) do not allow a suitable genetic evaluation. Alternatively, mixed model-based approaches create the possibility of dealing with unbalanced data and modeling spatial trends. The aims of this study were to compare the goodness-of-fit of the model and the genotype ranking through different residual modeling approaches and to select the best performing tropical wheat genotypes based on the best-fitting model. A panel of tropical wheat genotypes was evaluated in three field trials conducted between 2020 and 2021 for grain yield. Linear mixed model analyses were used on the data to estimate the genetic parameters and to predict the genotypic values in analyses of single- and multi-environment trials. Accounting for spatial trends in the analyses of single- and multi-environment trials provides better outcomes than the compound symmetry model does. cases ANOVA (ANOVA evaluation Alternatively modelbased goodnessoffit goodness fit bestfitting fitting 202 yield single multienvironment multi environment does 20 2

RESUMO A estimação da capacidade de combinação de genitores de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) é uma importante ferramenta para a seleção de populações segregantes promissoras com potencial de originar genótipos adaptados às regiões tropicais do Brasil e favorecer a expansão da triticultura. Objetivou-se estimar as capacidades geral e específica de combinação de genitores e populações segregantes de trigo, visando desenvolver progénies de maior potencial genético ao ambiente tropical. Durante a safra de inverno, nove genitores e as 20 populações F2 obtidas a partir de cruzamentos em esquema dialélico parcial (4 × 5) foram conduzidos sob delineamento de blocos casualizados, com duas repetições. Avaliaram-se o espigamento, altura de planta, mancha amarela, ferrugem da folha, número de espiguetas por espiga, massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise dialélica. O efeito da capacidade geral de combinação (CGC) foi significativo para espigamento, ferrugem e massa de cem grãos no grupo 1, e ferrugem, número de espiguetas por espiga e rendimento de grãos no grupo 2. Houve efeito significativo da capacidade específica de combinação para massa de cem grãos, com destaque para os cruzamentos TBIO Aton x ORS Madrepérola e TBIO Astro x ORS Madrepérola, em que pelo menos um dos genitores apresenta alta CGC para o referido caráter. Houve predominância do efeito aditivo na determinação dos caracteres analisados. Os genitores TBIO Astro e ORS Destak são promissores para derivação de progénies de trigo tropical com elevado potencial genético. Triticum L. L triticultura Objetivouse Objetivou se inverno 2 F 4 ( 5 casualizados repetições Avaliaramse Avaliaram espigamento planta amarela folha dialélica (CGC 1 caráter analisados

ABSTRACT Estimating the combining ability in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) parents is a crucial tool for selecting promising segregating populations with potential to generate genotypes adapted to the Brazilian tropical regions, supporting the wheat production expansion. This study aimed to estimate the general and specific combining abilities of wheat parents and segregating populations, in order to develop progenies with greater genetic potential for tropical environment. During the winter harvest, nine parents and 20 F2 populations obtained through a partial diallel mating scheme (4 × 5) were evaluated using a randomized complete block design, with two replications. The evaluated traits included days to heading, plant height, tan spot, leaf rust, number of spikelets per spike, 100-grain mass and grain yield. The data were processed using diallel analysis. The general combining ability (GCA) effect was significant for days to heading, leaf rust and 100-grain mass in the group 1, and for leaf rust, number of spikelets per spike and grain yield in the group 2. The specific combining ability was significant for 100-grain mass, with the crosses TBIO Aton × ORS Madrepérola and TBIO Astro × ORS Madrepérola standing out, with at least one parent showing a high GCA for this trait. Additive genetic effects predominated in the expression of the evaluated traits. The parents TBIO Astro and ORS Destak were identified as promising for deriving tropical wheat progenies with higher genetic potential. Triticum L. L regions expansion environment harvest 2 F 4 ( 5 design replications heading height spot 100grain 100 analysis (GCA 1 out trait 10

Abstract The selection of parents to originate promising base populations, as well as the knowledge of the gene effects controlling agronomic traits by means of diallel, are useful to drive genetic gains in Brazilian tropical wheat breeding programs. The goals of this study were to select tropical wheat parents with a high frequency of favorable alleles and segregating populations with high potential to originate superior progenies through partial diallel analysis. Thus, 14 parents were divided in two groups and crossed in a 7 × 7 partial diallel scheme to originate 49 F1 combinations. After obtaining F2 generation, the populations and the parents were evaluated in the field in the summer of 2021. Days for heading, plant height, rust and yellow spot resistance, and grain yield were evaluated. The data were subjected to partial diallel analysis. There were significant effects of general combining ability for all traits. The specific combining ability effect was significant for days for heading and plant height. The additive gene effects were predominant over the non-additive ones. The parents with the highest frequency of favorable alleles for the traits evaluated were selected in each group. Four populations with high genetic potential to originate superior progenies were selected. programs analysis Thus 1 4 F combinations generation 2021 height resistance nonadditive non ones group 202 20 2

Resumo Os objetivos deste trabalho foram investigar a ocorrência de parasitos em fezes de gatos, comparar diferentes técnicas coproparasitológicas para o seu diagnóstico e determinar as associações com o parasitismo. As amostras foram processadas usando três diferentes técnicas coproparasitológicas: centrífugo-flutuação em sacarose, centrífugo-flutuação em ZnSO4 e sedimentação simples. A associação parasitária entre o parasitismo e variáveis, como idade, sexo e consistência fecal, foi realizada pelo teste de qui-quadrado ou teste de G com nível de significância de 5%. No total, foram analisadas 237 amostras, das quais 93 (39,2%) foram positivas, sendo diagnosticados os parasitos Ancylostoma spp. (17,3%), Giardia intestinalis (12,2%), Platynosomum illiciens (8,0%), Cystoisospora spp. (6,3%), Toxoplasma gondii/ Hammondia hammondi (3,4%), Diphyllobothriidae (2,1%), Toxocara spp. (1,7%), Dipylidium caninum (1,3%) e Mesocestoides spp. (0,8%). Na análise de associação entre o parasitismo e as outras variáveis, foi possível verificar diferença estatística na categoria idade para Cystoisospora spp. (p=0,001), observando forte relação entre o parasitismo e animais jovens. A associação com o sexo demonstrou ser importante para P. illiciens (p<0,001), com maior frequência de fêmeas parasitadas. E a consistência fecal revelou ter relação com os parasitos G. intestinalis (p=0,007) e P. illiciens (p=0,033), com maior frequência de fezes com consistência normal nos animais positivos para esses parasitos. Em conclusão, foi observada uma maior ocorrência de Ancylostoma spp. e G. intestinalis em amostras fecais de gatos domésticos, recebidas em diagnósticos de rotina e a presença de outros parasitos com potencial zoonótico, como também, a relação desses parasitos diagnosticados com as categorias sexo, idade e consistência fecal. centrífugoflutuação centrífugo flutuação sacarose ZnSO simples variáveis quiquadrado qui quadrado 5 5% total 23 9 39,2% 392 39 2 (39,2% positivas spp 17,3%, 173 17,3% , 17 3 (17,3%) 12,2%, 122 12,2% 12 (12,2%) 8,0%, 80 8,0% 8 0 (8,0%) 6,3%, 63 6,3% 6 (6,3%) gondii 3,4%, 34 3,4% 4 (3,4%) 2,1%, 21 2,1% 1 (2,1%) 1,7%, 1,7% 7 (1,7%) 1,3% 13 (1,3% 0,8%. 08 0,8% . (0,8%) p=0,001, p0001 p p=0,001 001 (p=0,001) jovens P p<0,001, p<0,001 (p<0,001) parasitadas p=0,007 p0007 007 (p=0,007 p=0,033, p0033 p=0,033 033 (p=0,033) conclusão domésticos zoonótico também 39,2 (39,2 17,3 (17,3% 12,2 (12,2% 8,0 (8,0% 6,3 (6,3% 3,4 (3,4% 2,1 (2,1% 1,7 (1,7% 1,3 (1,3 0,8 (0,8% p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,001 p<0,00 (p<0,001 (p=0,00 p003 p=0,03 03 (p=0,033 39, (39, 17, (17,3 12, (12,2 8, (8,0 6, (6,3 3, (3,4 2, (2,1 1, (1,7 (1, 0, (0,8 p00 p=0,0 p<0,0 (p<0,00 (p=0,0 (p=0,03 (39 (17, (12, (8, (6, (3, (2, (1 (0, p0 p=0, p<0, (p<0,0 (p=0, (3 (17 (12 (8 (6 (2 ( (0 p=0 p<0 (p<0, (p=0 p= p< (p<0 (p= (p< (p

Abstract The objectives of this work were to investigate the occurrence of parasites in feces of cats, compare different coproparasitological techniques for their diagnosis and determine associations with parasitism. The samples were processed using three different coproparasitological techniques: centrifugal flotation in sucrose, centrifugal flotation in ZnSO4 and simple sedimentation. The parasitic association between parasitism and variables such as age, sex and fecal consistency was performed using the chi-square test or the G test with a significance level of 5%. A total of 237 samples were analyzed, of which 93 (39.2%) were positive, being Ancylostoma spp. (17.3%), Giardia intestinalis (12.2%), Platynosomum illiciens (8.0%), Cystoisospora spp. (6.3%), Toxoplasma gondii/ Hammondia hammondi (3.4%), Diphyllobothriidae (2.1%), Toxocara spp. (1.7%), Dipylidium caninum (1.3%) and Mesocestoides spp. (0.8%). In the parasitism association analysis, it was possible to verify a statistical difference in the age category for Cystoisospora spp. (p=0.001) observing a strong relationship between parasitism and young animals, the association with sex proved to be important for P. illiciens (p<0.001) with a higher frequency of parasitized females and fecal consistency revealed to be related to the parasites G. intestinalis (p=0.007) and P. illiciens (p=0.033) showing a higher number of positive animals for these parasites with normal fecal consistency. In conclusion, we observed a higher occurrence of Ancylostoma spp. and G. intestinalis in fecal samples from domestic cats received in routine diagnoses and the presence of other parasites with zoonotic potential, as well as the relationship of these diagnosed parasites with the categories sex, age and fecal consistency. sucrose ZnSO sedimentation chisquare chi square 5 5% 23 analyzed 9 39.2% 392 39 2 (39.2% spp 17.3%, 173 17.3% , 17 3 (17.3%) 12.2%, 122 12.2% 12 (12.2%) 8.0%, 80 8.0% 8 0 (8.0%) 6.3%, 63 6.3% 6 (6.3%) gondii 3.4%, 34 3.4% 4 (3.4%) 2.1%, 21 2.1% 1 (2.1%) 1.7%, 1.7% 7 (1.7%) 1.3% 13 (1.3% 0.8%. 08 0.8% . (0.8%) analysis p=0.001 p0001 p 001 (p=0.001 P p<0.001 (p<0.001 p=0.007 p0007 007 (p=0.007 p=0.033 p0033 033 (p=0.033 conclusion potential 39.2 (39.2 17.3 (17.3% 12.2 (12.2% 8.0 (8.0% 6.3 (6.3% 3.4 (3.4% 2.1 (2.1% 1.7 (1.7% 1.3 (1.3 0.8 (0.8% p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 p<0.00 (p<0.00 p=0.03 p003 03 (p=0.03 39. (39. 17. (17.3 12. (12.2 8. (8.0 6. (6.3 3. (3.4 2. (2.1 1. (1.7 (1. 0. (0.8 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 p<0.0 (p<0.0 (39 (17. (12. (8. (6. (3. (2. (1 (0. p=0. p0 (p=0. p<0. (p<0. (3 (17 (12 (8 (6 (2 ( (0 p=0 (p=0 p<0 (p<0 p= (p= p< (p< (p

RESUMO: As análises de correlações canônicas baseadas nas correlações genotípicas, permitem determinar associações entre grupos de caracteres e realizar a seleção direta ou indireta de genótipos superiores. Objetivou-se com este trabalho investigar a existência de relações lineares e multivariadas entre caracteres de alta e baixa herdabilidade via análise de correlações canônicas com base nas correlações genotípicas. O experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental Professor Diogo Alves de Melo da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, em Viçosa, Minas Gerais. 90 cultivares de trigo foram avaliadas sob o delineamento alpha-lattice 9 × 10, com três repetições e parcelas constituídas por quatro linhas de três metros espaçadas a 0.20 metros. Os grupos canônicos foram estabelecidos entre altura de espiga e planta, dias para o espigamento, número de espiguetas por espiga e número de grãos por espiga (Grupo I) e, peso de espiga, massa de grãos da espiga, massa de 100 grãos, peso hectolitro e produtividade de grãos (Grupo II). Houve dependência entre os grupos estabelecidos, o que permitiu a investigação das relações entre os caracteres com base em seus valores genotípicos. Os caracteres ciclo e altura de plantas podem ser utilizados para a seleção indireta de genótipos superiores em peso hectolitro e produtividade, fatores estes importantes para indústrias e produtores.

ABSTRACT: Canonical correlation analysis based on genotypic correlations allows determining the associations between groups of traits and carrying out the direct or indirect selection of superior genotypes. This study investigated the existence of linear and multivariate relationships between high and low heritability traits via canonical correlation analysis based on genotypic correlations. The experiment was conducted at the Professor Diogo Alves de Melo Experimental Field at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, in Viçosa, MG. 90 wheat cultivars were evaluated under a 9 × 10 alpha-lattice design, with three replications and plots consisting of four rows of three meters spaced at 0.20 meters. Canonical groups were established between spike height and plant height, days for heading, number of spikelets per spike, and number of grains per spike (Group I) and, spike weight, spike grain mass, 100-grain mass, hectoliter weight, and grain yield (Group II). There was dependence between the established groups, which allowed the investigation of the relationships between traits based on their genotypic values. The traits cycle and plant height can be used for indirect selection of genotypes superior in hectoliter weight and grain yield, which are important factors for industries and farmers.

Resumo “Metrópoles de papel” são centros urbanos de regiões metropolitanas institucionalizadas que não apresentam funcionalidades de uma metrópole, tais como influências político-econômicas e sociais, além do tráfego de informações, capital e pessoas. Assim, este estudo buscou compreender a concepção, a percepção e a vivência de uma “metrópole de papel” localizada na Amazônia brasileira com base no entendimento da produção do espaço urbano de Henri Lefebvre. Utilizando uma abordagem historiográfica, análises de recursos bibliográficos e documentais possibilitaram apreender que o espaço concebido é fruto essencialmente de ações conjuntas entre agentes políticos e econômicos que priorizaram a institucionalização do espaço em vez de sua produção, repercutindo na ausência de percepção e vivência por parte da população com relação ao espaço metropolitano. Por conseguinte, dinâmicas intraurbanas peculiares tornam a produção dos espaços metropolitanos um produto que não necessariamente se encaixa na teoria lefebvriana, criando novos horizontes para a apreensão da produção socioespacial do que se constituem as metrópoles de papel. Metrópoles papel metrópole políticoeconômicas político econômicas sociais informações pessoas Assim concepção Lefebvre historiográfica metropolitano conseguinte lefebvriana

Abstract “Paper mtropolises” are urban centers in established metropolitan regions that present no functionalities of a metropolis, in terms of political, economic, and social influence, as well as the flow of information, capital, and people. Thus, this study has sought to understand the conception, perception, and experience of a “paper metropolis” located in the Brazilian Amazon based on Henri Lefebvre’s understanding of the production of urban space. Using a historiographical approach, and a literature and documentary review, it was possible to understand that the conceived space is essentially the result of joint actions among political and economic actors that prioritize the institutionalization of space rather than its production, thereby reflecting the lack of perception and experience of the population in relation to metropolitan space. Thus, particular intra-urban dynamics transform the metropolitan spaces into a product that does not necessarily fit into Lefebvrian theory, creating new horizons for apprehending the socio-spatial production of what constitutes paper metropolises. Paper mtropolises metropolis influence information capital people Thus conception Lefebvres Lefebvre s approach review intraurban intra theory sociospatial socio spatial metropolises

RESUMEN La selección de poblaciones segregantes con potencial para derivar líneas es esencial para los programas de mejoramiento. El presente trabajo presenta el potencial de las poblaciones tropicales de trigo F2 (Triticum aestivum L.) generadas a partir de combinaciones de cruces dialélicos completos. Para ello, se combinaron ocho cultivares de trigo tropical en un diseño dialélico completo en 2019 después de multiplicar semillas Fj en invernadero y se evaluaron en campo las semillas de 56 poblaciones F2, más los ocho progenitores, en la cosecha de invierno de 2020 en un diseño reticular simple (8x8) en Vicosa, MG, Brasil. Se evaluaron las variables: severidad de la mancha amarilla (Pyrenophora triticirepentis), severidad del tizón (WHB) (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum), número de días hasta embuchamiento, altura de la espiga y peso total de grano en la parcela. El análisis dialélico se realizó utilizando modelos mixtos para obtener los efectos de capacidad combinatoria general (GCA), capacidad combinatoria específica (SCA) y estimación de valores genotípicos de la población. El efecto aditivo predominó para el control de todas las variables, excepto para la altura de la espiga. Hubo mayores efectos de GCA para el conjunto de plantas madres progenitoras. La he-redabilidad, en sentido estricto, osciló entre 0.20 (tizón) y 0.66 (embuchamiento). Hubo efecto de la CGA materna para todas las variables, mientras que para la CGA paterna solo para número de días hasta embuchamiento y peso total de grano en la parcela. Las poblaciones derivadas de los cultivares TBIO Aton, TBIO Ponteiro y TBIO Sossego presentaron menor severidad de la enfermedad, mientras que las combinaciones de BRS 254, BRS 264 y BRS 394 presentaron un tiempo de maduración más temprano. Las combinaciones más promisorias para derivar líneas para el conjunto de variables evaluadas fueron BRS 254 x CD 1303, BRS 394 x TBIO Aton, TBIO Aton x BRS 254, CD 1303 x BRS 254 y CD 1303 x BRS 264.

ABSTRACT The selection of segregating populations with the potential for derived lines is essential for breeding programs. The present work analyzes the potential of tropical F2 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations originated from complete diallel cross combinations. For this purpose, eight tropical wheat cultivars were combined in a complete diallel design in 2019 after Fj seeds were multiplied in a greenhouse and the seeds of 56 F2 populations, plus the eight parents, were evaluated in the field in Vicosa, MG, Brazil in the winter harvest of 2020 using a simple lattice design (8x8). The trait scores of (1) severity of tan spot (Pyrenophora triticirepentis), (2) severity of wheat head blast (WHB) (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum), (3) days to heading, (4) spike height, (5) and total grain weight of the plot were evaluated. We performed a diallel analysis using mixed models to obtain the effects of general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and estimation of population genotypic values. The additive effect predominated for the control of all traits, except for spike height. There were greater GCA effects for the set of parental maternal plants. Heritability, in the narrow sense, ranged from 0.20 (blast) to 0.66 (heading). There was an effect of maternal GCA for all variables, while for paternal GCA the effect was only for days passed for head and total grain weight. Populations derived from the cultivars TBIO Aton, TBIO Ponteiro, and TBIO Sossego had lower disease severity, while the combinations from BRS 254, BRS 264, and BRS 394 had earlier maturation time. The most promising combinations to derive lines for the set of traits were BRS 254 x CD 1303, BRS 394 x TBIO Aton, TBIO Aton x BRS 254, CD 1303 x BRS 254, and CD 1303 x BRS 264.

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é situar e examinar a suposta inflexão de maior radicalização política na trajetória intelectual de Antonio Candido ocorrida na passagem da década de 1960 para 1970. Busca-se explicar a gênese e compreender o significado dessa radicalização, que teria se manifestado na produção intelectual do crítico no período, como, por exemplo, nos ensaios “Dialética da malandragem” (1970), “Literatura e subdesenvolvimento” (1970) e “De cortiço a cortiço” (1973). Nesse sentido, o artigo reconstrói brevemente a trajetória global de Candido, discute os principais condicionantes das suas ideias na época e sugere uma interpretação sobre o significado “radical” dessas ideias, tal como aparecem nos ensaios acima mencionados.

Abstract This essay contextualizes and examines a supposed more politically radical shift in Antonio Candido’s intellectual trajectory in the transition from the 1960s to the 1970s. It seeks to explain the origins and understand the meaning of this radicalization that manifested itself in the critic’s intellectual production of the period, such as the essays “Dialética da malandragem” (1970), “Literatura e subdesenvolvimento” (1970) and “De cortiço a cortiço” (1973). In this regard, the article briefly reconstructs Antonio Candido’s global trajectory, discussing the main conditioning factors of his ideas in the period and suggesting an interpretation of their ‘radical’ meaning, as they appear in the aforementioned essays.

RESUMO: Este artigo é uma análise interpretativa de caráter bibliográfico. Tem por objetivo, estabelecer interlocução entre cinco pesquisas de autoria de membros do Grupo de Trabalho Educação Matemática no Ensino Superior (GT04), da Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática, sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem de Álgebra, com reflexões presentes em estudos de outros autores de renome na Educação Algébrica. As discussões organizam-se em três temáticas: requisitos para aprender Álgebra; como a Álgebra é ensinada e como deveria ser ensinada; e a natureza das dificuldades evidenciadas na aprendizagem de Álgebra. Para coletar, categorizar e analisar dados, adotamos alguns pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo na ótica de Bardin. Por meio do estudo realizado, pudemos perceber que, embora os objetos das pesquisas do GT04 sejam o ensino e a aprendizagem de Matemática na universidade, muitas das discussões relacionadas à Álgebra presentes nas investigações dos membros deste Grupo por nós iluminadas e articuladas com afirmações de pesquisadores de renome, tanto no cenário nacional quanto internacional da Educação Algébrica, não dizem respeito especificamente ao ensino superior. Considerações relacionadas à especificidade do GT se fazem presentes de maneira mais contundente nas reflexões acerca da natureza das dificuldades evidenciadas na aprendizagem de Álgebra, havendo, no entanto, mesmo nesta categoria de análise, considerações pertintentes também à Educação Básica.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this article, which contains a bibliographical characteristic, is to present discussions related to three themes: the requisites to learn Algebra; how Algebra is taught and how it should be taught; and the nature of the difficulties evidenced in the learning of Algebra. This study was carried out based on the dialogue of issues raised by means of interpretative analysis, held in five studies from members of the Work Group Mathematical Education in Higher Education (GT04), from the Brazilian Society of Mathematical Education (SBEM), regarding the teaching and learning of Algebra, with reflections and studies from noteworthy authors in Algebraic Education. To collect categorize and analyse data, we adopted assumptions from Content Analysis in the point of view of Bardin. Despite the fact that the objectives of the studies of GT04 are the teaching and learning of Mathematics in Higher Education, by carrying out the study, we were able to realize many discussions related to Algebra present in the investigations of the members of this Group, brought to light and articulated with statements from noteworthy national and international researchers of Algebraic Education, related to Basic Education. Considerations related to the specificity of the Work Group are more decisively present in the reflections regarding the nature of the difficulties presented in the learning of Algebra, even though considerations related to Basic Education are also included in this category of analysis.

RESÚMEN: El objetivo de este artículo, de carácter bibliográfico, a partir de la interlocución de cuestiones logradas por medio de un análisis interpretativo, realizado en cinco investigaciones de autoría de miembros del Grupo de Trabajo Educación Matemática en la Enseñanza Superior (GT04), de la Sociedad Brasilera de Educación Matemática, sobre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del Álgebra, con reflexiones presentes en estudios de otros autores de renombre en la Educación Algebraica, es presentar discusiones acerca de tres temáticas: requisitos para aprender el Álgebra; cómo el Álgebra es enseñado y cómo debería ser enseñado; y la naturaleza de las dificultades evidenciadas en el aprendizaje del Álgebra. Para recolectar, categorizar y analizar datos, adoptamos algunos presupuestos del Análisis del Contenido en la óptica de Bardin. Por medio del estudio realizado, aunque los objetos de investigación del GT04 sean la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de Matemática en la universidad, muchas de las discusiones relacionadas al Álgebra presentes en las investigaciones de los miembros de este Grupo, por nosotros esclarecidas y articuladas con afirmaciones de investigadores de renombre, tanto en el escenario nacional como el internacional de la Educación Algebraica, podemos percibir que no se refieren específicamente a la enseñanza superior. Consideraciones relacionadas a la especificidad del GT se hacen presentes de manera más contundente en las reflexiones acerca de la naturaleza de las dificultades evidenciadas en el aprendizaje del Álgebra. También habiéndose tomado, en esta categoría de análisis, consideraciones pertinentes a la Educación Básica.

Resumo Neste artigo, apresenta-se parte dos resultados de uma análise interpretativa, realizada adotando-se como corpus cinco pesquisas sobre a temática Álgebra, desenvolvidas por integrantes do Grupo de Trabalho Educação Matemática no Ensino Superior (GT04), filiado à Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática (SBEM). Para coleta, categorização e análise dos dados, recorre-se a preceitos da Análise de Conteúdo na concepção de Bardin. Foram construídas cinco categorias de análise e, neste artigo, duas delas são analisadas: C1: O que é Álgebra? e C2: O papel da Álgebra. Para cada categoria, além de apresentarem-se as reflexões presentes nos trabalhos analisados, estabelecem-se diálogos entre tais reflexões e outras evidenciadas em pesquisas de referência na Educação Algébrica. Em relação à categoria C1, os dados explicitam que respostas à questão O que é Álgebra? contemplam aspectos históricos, estruturais, relacionados à generalização, a conteúdos e a notações normalmente associados à Álgebra, à relação entre Aritmética e Álgebra e à permeabilidade da Álgebra em diferentes campos da Matemática e distintas áreas de conhecimento. Já a respeito da categoria C2, os resultados indicam que a Álgebra desempenha papéis tanto para a construção do conhecimento matemático do estudante, quanto para a formação do professor que irá mediar esse processo de construção em sala de aula, estando tais papéis vinculados ao conhecimento das estruturas, das demonstrações, do simbolismo, à centralidade das generalizações e à apropriação da linguagem e do pensamento algébrico para o sujeito pensar e se comunicar matematicamente.

Abstract In this article, we present part of the results of an interpretative analysis carried out adopting as corpus of work five studies on the Algebra subject, developed by members of the Working Group for Mathematical Education in Higher Education (GT04), linked to the Brazilian Society of Mathematical Education (SBEM). To collect, categorize, and analyze the data, we consulted precepts of Content Analysis in the conception of Bardin. Five categories of analysis were built and this article focused on two: C1: What is Algebra? and C2: The role of Algebra. For each category, in addition to presenting the reflections present in the analyzed works, we established dialogues among these considerations and others presented in the reference studies in Algebraic Education. Regarding C1, the data highlights that answers to the question What is Algebra? contemplates historical and structural aspects related to generalization, contents, and observations commonly associated to Algebra, the relation between Arithmetic and Algebra, and the permeability of Algebra in different fields of Mathematics and knowledge. As for category C2, the results point to the fact that Algebra plays a role in the construction of mathematical knowledge, as well as in the teacher's work, who will mediate this construction process in the classroom. These roles are linked to the knowledge of structures, demonstrations, symbolism, the centrality of generalizations, and the appropriation of the algebraic language and thought to enable the person to think and communicate mathematically.

Abstract Paper aims The aim is to develop a vaccine distribution routing model (VDRM) in order to support governments to mitigate the pandemic caused by COVID-19. Originality As far as we know, no metaheuristics has been developed for vaccine distribution, and specifically, to support the Brazilian government. Research method A metaheuristic is developed based on the combination and adaptation of GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) with VND (Variable Neighborhood Descent), considering different refinement operators. Finally, as a way of validating the model, a numerical application in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil) was performed. Main findings Metaheuristic proved to be effective for developing adequate planning for the allocation of ampoules with vaccines to combat COVID-19. Effective analysis was obtained in the evaluation of the proposed algorithm, both in terms of computational effort and the quality of the final solution. An efficiency of approximately 75% was obtained in relation to the current distribution procedure adopted by the state of Pernambuco. Implications for theory and practice To mitigate disease, adequate logistics for transporting and distributing vaccines is essential, especially in emergency situations to face pandemic crises. Thus, the developed metaheuristic can support governments and companies in any situation demanded, making the decision of how the distribution of the ampoules will be more agile.

ABSTRACT Introduction: This article is an extensive review of the different aspects of this pathology, acute appendicitis despite being the first cause of emergency abdominal surgery, the delay in diagnosis implies an increase in surgical interventions with perforated appendices and, therefore, an increase in morbidity and mortality. Objective: To present the results of the efficacy of the use of ultrasonography associated with clinical and epidemiological characteristics in patients with acute abdominal pain due to appendicitis at the "popular" Medical Center Vinces-Ecuador. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, Retrospective cohort study conducted for 7 months (January to July 2019), in which the study population included patients referred with acute abdominal pain diagnosed with appendicitis through the clinic and / or ultrasonography of the "popular" Vinces Medical Center, Ecuador. This population is constituted by 162 patients. Results: Of the 162 patients observed, 157 underwent surgery, an anatomopathological diagnosis of appendicitis in 130. The sensitivity of the ultrasound with criteria of certainty and suspicion was 96.7 %. The pilot random sample contained 162 participants out of a total of 180 patients, women (16.67 %) and men (83, 33 %). Conclusion: it was shown that abdominal ultrasound is the effective diagnostic method of choice for this study because of its sensitivity and certainty, easy access and minimal cost, allowing adequate control and preventive monitoring of complications, even more so in cases, with symptoms. clinical and laboratory doubtful, in order to avoid possible complications and reduce economic costs during diagnosis.

RESUMEN Introducción: La ultrasonografía es un procedimiento que utiliza ondas de sonido de alta energía para estudiar tejidos y órganos, formándose imágenes que permiten diagnosticar enfermedades. La eficacia en su implementación es útil para determinar acciones de intervención en procesos de salud. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia del uso de la ultrasonografía asociada a características clínicas y epidemiológicas en pacientes con dolor abdominal agudo por apendicitis en el Centro Médico “Popular” Vinces. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio correlacional, descriptivo, de cohorte retrospectivo realizado durante 7 meses (enero a julio del 2019). La población estuvo constituida por 162 pacientes, se incluyó, además, a derivados con dolor abdominal agudo diagnosticados con apendicitis a través de la clínica y/o ultrasonografía del Centro Médico “Popular” Vinces. Resultados: De los 162 pacientes observados se intervinieron 157, diagnóstico anatomopatológico de apendicitis en 130. La sensibilidad de la ecografía con criterio de certeza y sospecha fue 96,7 %. La muestra aleatoria piloto contenía 162 participantes de un total de 180 pacientes, mujeres (16,67 %) y hombres (83,33 %). Conclusiones: Se demostró que la ecografía abdominal es el método diagnóstico eficaz, de elección para este estudio por su sensibilidad y criterio de certeza, fácil acceso y costo mínimo, permitiéndose un control adecuado y seguimiento preventivo de las complicaciones, más aún en los casos, con cuadro clínico y laboratorio dudoso, con el fin de evitar posibles complicaciones y reducir los costos económicos durante su diagnóstico.

RESUMO O presente artigo dedica-se a reler as noções de cordialidade, malandragem e autoritarismo – conforme estas se apresentam, respectivamente, nas obras de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Antonio Candido e Roberto Schwarz –, a fim de sugerir a validade de tais conceitos para a interpretação do momento brasileiro contemporâneo. Para tal, recorda e coloca em perspectiva tais noções, aproximando-as da situação presente.

ABSTRACT The current article aims to rethink the notions of cordiality, trickery and authoritarianism - as they are presented, respectively, in the works of Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Antonio Candido and Roberto Schwarz -, in order to suggest the validity of such concepts for the interpretation of contemporary Brazilian moment. To this end, it recalls and puts such notions in perspective, bringing them closer to the present situation.

Abstract Background Parents and teachers can be valuable sources of information for characterizing children’s ADHD-related impairments in different environments. However, evidence indicated that those categories of informants often provide conflicting responses in formal assessment scales, which may challenge diagnostic decisions regarding the condition. Objective: We aimed to investigate reliability rates between parents and teachers of children and adolescents with and without ADHD using SNAP IV. Methods 199 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years were evaluated for ADHD symptoms using parent-rated and teacher-rated SNAP IV scales. Intraclass correlation coefficients were analyzed for ADHD domains (inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity), as well as for defiant-oppositional behavior. Results Reports from parents and teachers showed low reliability for all ADHD domains. Parents’ scores on the SNAP IV were higher than those of teachers. Parents and teachers provided highly discrepant responses concerning to the presence and severity of ADHD in children and adolescents, which might result from intrinsic aspects related to their daily functioning in different settings. Discussion Clinicians should consider those trends in parental and teachers’ responses when interpreting results from informant-based instruments for detecting ADHD.