ABSTRACT Objective: The study aims to explore the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) variants and hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP) in the southeastern Chinese population. Subjects and methods: In total, 80 participants were involved in this study (54 patients with HLAP and 26 controls). All coding regions and intron-exon boundaries of the LPL gene were sequenced. The correlations between variants and phenotypes were also analysed. Results: The rate of rare LPL variants in the HLAP group is 14.81% (8 of 54), higher than in controls. Among the detected four variants (rs3735959, rs371282890, rs761886494 and rs761265900), the most common variant was rs371282890. Further analysis demonstrated that subjects with rs371282890 "GC" genotype had a 2.843-fold higher risk for HLAP (odds ratio [OR]: 2.843, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.119-7.225, p = 0.028) than subjects with the "CC" genotype. After adjusting for sex, the association remained significant (adjusted OR: 3.083, 95% CI: 1.208-7.869, p = 0.018). Subjects with rs371282890 "GC" genotype also exhibited significantly elevated total cholesterol, triglyceride and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in all the participants and the HLAP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Detecting rare variants in LPL might be valuable for identifying higher-risk patients with HLAP and guiding future individualised therapeutic strategies. Objective (LPL (HLAP population methods 8 54 (5 2 controls . controls) intronexon intron exon sequenced analysed Results 1481 14 81 14.81 ( 54, , 54) rs3735959, rs3735959 rs (rs3735959 rs76188649 rs761265900, rs761265900 rs761265900) rs37128289 GC "GC 2.843fold 2843fold fold 2.843 843 odds OR [OR] 2843 95 CI [CI] 1.1197.225, 11197225 1.119 7.225, 1 119 7 225 1.119-7.225 0.028 0028 0 028 CC "CC sex adjusted 3083 3 083 3.083 1.2087.869, 12087869 1.208 7.869, 208 869 1.208-7.869 0.018. 0018 0.018 018 0.018) nonhighdensity non high density 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) Conclusion higherrisk strategies 5 148 14.8 rs373595 (rs373595 rs7618864 rs76126590 rs3712828 843fold 2.84 84 [OR 284 9 [CI 1197 1.1197.225 1119722 1119 1.11 7225 7.225 11 22 1.119-7.22 0.02 002 02 308 08 3.08 2087 1.2087.869 1208786 1208 1.20 7869 7.869 20 86 1.208-7.86 001 0.01 01 00 0.0 14. rs37359 (rs37359 rs761886 rs7612659 rs371282 2.8 28 1.1197.22 111972 111 1.1 722 7.22 1.119-7.2 30 3.0 1.2087.86 120878 120 1.2 786 7.86 1.208-7.8 0. rs3735 (rs3735 rs76188 rs761265 rs37128 2. 1.1197.2 11197 1. 72 7.2 1.119-7. 3. 1.2087.8 12087 12 78 7.8 1.208-7. rs373 (rs373 rs7618 rs76126 rs3712 1.1197. 7. 1.119-7 1.2087. 1.208-7 rs37 (rs37 rs761 rs7612 rs371 1.1197 1.119- 1.2087 1.208- rs3 (rs3 rs76 (rs rs7

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine independent predictors of inguinal lymph node (ILN) metastasis in patients with penile cancer. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with penile cancer who underwent surgery at our medical center in the last ten years (n=157). Using univariate and multivariate logistic-regression models, we assessed associations with age, medical-history, phimosis, onset-time, number and maximum diameter of involved ILNs measured by imaging, pathological T stage, degree of tumor differentiation and/or cornification, lymphatic vascular infiltration (LVI), nerve infiltration, and ILN metastases. Interaction and stratified analyses were used to assess age, phimosis, onset time, number of ILNs, cornification, and nerve infiltration. Results: A total of 110 patients were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were significantly correlated with ILN metastasis: maximum diameter of enlarged ILNs, T stage, pathological differentiation, and LVI. Among patients with a maximum ILN diameter ≥1.5cm, 50% had lymph node metastasis whereas 30.6% patients with a maximum ILN diameter <1.5cm showed LNM. Among 44 patients with stage Ta/T1, 10 showed ILN metastases, while 47.0% patients with stage T2 showed ILN metastases. Among 40 patients with highly differentiated penile-cancer, eight showed ILN metastasis, while 47.1% patients with low-to-middle differentiation showed ILN metastases. The rate of LNM was 33.3% in the LVI-free group and 64.3% in the LVI group. Conclusion: Our single-center results suggested that maximum ILN diameter, pathological T stage, pathological differentiation, and LVI were independent risk factors for ILN metastases.