Abstract Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) is a rare sequence that complicates monochorionic multiple pregnancies. This condition affects both fetuses - the acardiac twin and the pump twin. This report presents the case of a monochorionic multiple pregnancy complicated by TRAP diagnosed in the first trimester. After clarifying the couple and multidisciplinary discussion, conservative management was chosen because no genetic abnormalities or complications were identified in the normal twin development throughout pregnancy, and the acardiac twin stopped growing at 16 weeks, resulting in a vaginal term delivery of a healthy baby. In utero intervention is currently the first-line treatment option in these cases, but several studies have reported the benefits of an expectant approach. The optimal approach has not yet been established.

Resumo A sequência TRAP (twin reversed arterial perfusion) é uma complicação rara das gestações múltiplas monocoriónicas. Esta condição tem consequências para ambos os fetos - o feto acárdico e o feto “bomba”. O presente caso refere-se a uma gestação gemelar monocoriónica complicada por TRAP diagnosticada no primeiro trimestre. Após discussão multidisciplinar eesclarecimento do casal, foi decidida a abordagem conservadora por não se verificarem anomalias genéticas ou outras complicações no desenvolvimento do feto normal e o desenvolvimento do feto ter sido interrompido às 16 semanas de gestação. A gravidez resultou num parto eutócico a termo. Apesar de não existir ainda consenso quanto à abordagem ideal, vários estudos tê, demonstrado a validade das abordagens conservadoras em detrimento da intervenção in utero.

Resumo A decidualização ectópica é habitualmente um achado incidental durante a intervenção cirúrgica da cavidade abdominal durante a gravidez. Identifica-se como uma ou múltiplas lesões friáveis e sangrantes. Reportamos o caso duma mulher com 36 semanas de gestação, complicada por placenta prévia, que recorre ao serviço de urgência por dor abdominal intensa. Durante a cesariana constatou-se hemoperitoneu proveniente de sangramento ativo duma lesão friável exuberante que cobria toda a face uterina posterior, as regiões anexiais bilateralmente e a face anterior do reto. A hemostase foi conseguida com medidas conservadoras e a doente teve um desfecho favorável. A deciduose é uma entidade benigna que deve ser tratada conservadoramente sempre que possível para prevenir lesão iatrogénica.

Abstract Ectopic decidualization is usually an incidental finding during surgical approach of a pregnant abdominal cavity. It presents as one or multiple friable and haemorrhagic lesions. We report a pregnant woman presenting with intense abdominal pain at 36 weeks and known placenta previa. During c-section, hemoperitoneum was observed originating on an exuberant friable and highly haemorrhagic lesion, covering the posterior uterine surface, both adnexal regions and the anterior wall of the rectum. Haemostasis was done with conservative measures and the patient had favourable outcome. Deciduosis is a benign entity and should be managed conservatively to prevent iatrogenic lesions.

We report a rare case of a 39-year-old woman, twin pregnancy with 32 weeks’ gestation, who underwent an emergency caesarean section and subsequent exploratory laparotomy with splenectomy due to hypovolemic shock secondary to splenic artery aneurysm rupture. The patient was admitted for observation due to suspicion of threatened preterm labour. The final diagnosis was not considered due to its rarity. The postoperative course was favourable for the mother, the newborns died. Spontaneous rupture of splenic artery aneurysm during pregnancy is a life-threatening event. This condition is commonly asymptomatic, and diagnosis is often incidental: during an ultrasound, intraoperatively or at autopsy.

Abstract When exposure of the pulp to external environment occurs, reparative dentinogenesis can be induced by direct pulp capping to maintain pulp tissue vitality and function. These clinical situations require the use of materials that induce dentin repair and, subsequently, formation of a mineralized tissue. Objective: This work aims to assess the effect of tricalcium silicate cements and mineral trioxide aggregate cements, including repairing dentin formation and inflammatory reactions over time after pulp exposure in Wistar rats. Methodology: These two biomaterials were compared with positive control groups (open cavity with pulp tissue exposure) and negative control groups (no intervention). The evaluations were performed in three stages; three, seven and twenty-one days, and consisted of an imaging (nuclear medicine) and histological evaluation (H&E staining, immunohistochemistry and Alizarin Red S). Results: The therapeutic effect of these biomaterials was confirmed. Nuclear medicine evaluation demonstrated that the uptake of 99mTc-Hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) showed no significant differences between the different experimental groups and the control, revealing the non-occurrence of differences in the phosphocalcium metabolism. The histological study demonstrated that in mineral trioxide aggregate therapies, the presence of moderate inflammatory infiltration was found after three days, decreasing during follow-ups. The formation of mineralized tissue was only verified at 21 days of follow-up. The tricalcium silicate therapies demonstrated the presence of a slight inflammatory infiltration on the third day, increasing throughout the follow-up. The formation of mineralized tissue was observed in the seventh follow-up day, increasing over time. Conclusions: The mineral trioxide aggregate (WhiteProRoot®MTA) and tricalcium silicate (Biodentine™) present slight and reversible inflammatory signs in the pulp tissue, with the formation of mineralized tissue. However, the exacerbated induction of mineralized tissue formation with the tricalcium silicate biomaterial may lead to the formation of pulp calcifications

Abstract Objectives Since most of the studies evaluates diabetics on multiple daily injections therapy and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion may help gain better metabolic control and prevent complications, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries, the unstimulated salivary flow rate and the total bacteria load, Streptococcus spp. levels and Lactobacillus spp. levels in saliva and supragingival dental biofilm of type 1 diabetics on insulin pump. Material and Methods Sixty patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump and 60 nondiabetic individuals were included. The dental caries evaluation was performed using ICDAS and the oral hygiene was assessed according to Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Unstimulated saliva and supragingival dental biofilm were collected. Total bacteria, Streptococcus spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was quantified by qPCR. Results Patients with type 1 diabetes had a higher prevalence of dental caries and filled and missing teeth when compared with the control group. These patients were associated with more risk factors for the development of dental caries, namely a lower unstimulated salivary flow rate and a higher bacterial load in saliva and dental biofilm. Conclusion Some risk factors related to dental caries were associated with type 1 diabetics. An early diagnosis combined with the evaluation of the risk profile of the diabetic patient is imperative, allowing the dental caries to be analyzed through a perspective of prevention and the patient to be integrated into an individualized oral health program.

PURPOSE: To investigate the impact of selective hepatic artery clamping (SHAC) in hepatocellular function. METHODS: Three groups of Wistar male rats were subjected to SHAC ischemia period of 60min: Group A continuous SHAC were subjected to SHAC ischemia period of 60min, Group B intermittent SHAC of 30min with 5min of reperfusion and Group C intermittent SHAC of 15min with 5min of reperfusion. Animals without SHAC were included-Group D. To evaluate hepatocellular function blood markers and hepatic extraction function (HEF) using 99mTc-mebrofenin were performed before and after surgery. Flow cytometry was used to analyze oxidative stress and cell viability. RESULTS: A mortality rate of 7.6% in Group A was observed. HEF maintained normal values between the groups. Flow cytometry demonstrated no significant differences between the groups in viability, type of cell death as well as in the production of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSIONS: The selective hepatic artery clamping compared to other clamping techniques results on increased cell viability and decreased hepatocyte death. The SHAC is a potential alternative to decrease per-operative bleeding while maintaining hepatocellular function.