Abstract Giant Osteosclerotic Lesions (GOLs) are a group of rarely reported intraosseous lesions. Their precise diagnosis is important since they can be confused with malignant neoplasms. Objective This retrospective study aimed to record and analyze the clinical and radiographic Giant Osteosclerotic Lesions (GOLs) detected in the maxillomandibular area of patients attending to our institution. Materials and Methods: Informed consent from the patients was obtained and those cases of 2.5 cm or larger lesions with radiopaque or mixed (radiolucid-radiopaque) appearance located in the maxillofacial bones were selected. Assessed parameters were: age, gender, radiographic aspect, shape, borders, size, location and relations to roots. Lesions were classified as radicular, apical, interradicular, interradicular-apical, radicular-apical or located in a previous teeth extraction area. Additionally, several osseous and dental developmental alterations (DDAs) were assessed. Results Seventeen radiopacities in 14 patients were found and were located almost exclusively in mandible and were two types: idiopathic osteosclerosis and condensing osteitis. GOLs were more frequent in females, and in the anterior and premolar zones. 94.2% of GOLs were qualified as idiopathic osteosclerosis and one case was condensing osteitis. All studied cases showed different osseous and dental developmental alterations (DDAs). The most common were: Microdontia, hypodontia, pulp stones, macrodontia and variations in the mental foramina. Conclusions GOLs must be differentiated from other radiopaque benign and malignant tumors. Condensing osteitis, was considered an anomalous osseous response induced by a chronic low-grade inflammatory stimulus. For development of idiopathic osteosclerosis, two possible mechanisms could be related. The first is modification of the normal turnover with excessive osseous deposition. The second mechanism will prevent the normal bone resorption, arresting the osseous breakdown process.

Introducción: Halitosis is an adverse emission of odour from the oral cavity. Approximately 90% of all halitosis cases are related to oral health. Volatile sulphide compounds (VSC) constitute the main component of halitosis, they are produced by anaerobic bacteria located on the dorsum of the tongue and in periodontal pockets. Mouthwashes with antimicrobial agents are effective in the treatment of halitosis, Nevertheless, commercial diversity presents a problem when choosing the right one. Objetive: To determine the effectiveness and sustainability of three commercial mouthwashes against the halitosis. Material and methods: 78 participants were randomly divided into one control and three experimental groups. Organoleptic measurements and basal levels of VSC were taken at 1, 3 and 24 hours after use. Central tendency dispersion measurement and statistical analysis were established. Results: The findings of this research indicate a decrease in organoleptic levels and VSC after 1st and 3rd hour use of mouthwashes in three experimental groups. Conclusions: Results obtained in the present study indicate that mouth rinsing with essential oils, triclosan and cetylpirydine chloride represents a positive option for the treatment of halitosis.

Introducción: La halitosis significa la emisión de un olor desagradable de la cavidad bucal. Aproximadamente el 90% de los casos son debido al estado de salud bucal. Los compuestos volátiles de sulfuro (CVS) constituyen al componente mayor de la halitosis; éstos son producidos por bacterias anaerobias del dorso lingual y/o bolsas peridontales. Se sabe que enjuagues bucales con agentes antimicrobianos son eficaces para su tratamiento; sin embargo, la diversidad comercial representa un problema de elección. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad y sustentabilidad de tres enjuagues bucales comerciales contra la halitosis a corto plazo. Material y métodos: Este estudio consistió en 78 participantes que fueron divididos aleatoriamente en un grupo control y tres experimentales. Se realizaron mediciones organolépticas y niveles de CVS basales, se realizó en enjuague bucal, mediciones posteriores (1ra, 3ra y 24 horas) y análisis estadístico. Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que los grupos aceites esenciales y cloruro de cetilpiridinio presentaron reducción significativa (p < 0.05) en los niveles de CVS a la 1ra y 3ra hora, seguido por el grupo triclosán. Conclusiones: Considerando lo anterior, se muestra que los enjuagues a base de aceites esenciales y cloruro de cetilpiridinio son una buena opción para el tratamiento de la halitosis.