RESUMO: Com a finalidade de estudar formas alternativas de controle de larvas da mosca Dermatobia hominis, foram testados: T1, cipermetrina 5% + clorpirifós 7% + citronelal 0,5% (Pour on); T2, triclorfon em pó, dissolvido a 2% em óleo queimado, passado sobre o nódulo; T3, extração manual das larvas. O estudo foi realizado no Instituto de Zootecnia, localizado em Nova Odessa, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Em um rebanho leiteiro com 176 animais, encontramos 29 com, pelo menos, uma larva que foram distribuídos nos três tratamentos. O percentual de eficácia foi baseado no número de bernes vivos após 14 dias da aplicação dos tratamentos. Os animais foram observados nos dias +4, +7, +14 e +21 e foram anotados novos bernes e abcessos. Todos os tratamentos apresentaram alta eficácia (acima de 98%). Logo na primeira semana, foram observados novos bernes em todos os tratamentos, e no 21º dia observamos dois abcessos em cada tratamento químico. A extração da larva foi 100% eficaz, não originando abscessos, devendo ser incentivada nas pequenas e médias propriedades, e naquelas com bernes resistentes a produtos químicos. RESUMO hominis testados T1 T 5 7 05 0 0,5 Pour on on) T2 pó 2 queimado nódulo T3 Zootecnia Odessa Paulo Brasil 17 menos 1 4 +4 +7 +1 21 +2 acima 98%. 98 98% . 98%) semana º químico 100 eficaz abscessos propriedades químicos 0, 9 10

ABSTRACT: In order to study alternative ways of control of Dermatobia hominis fly larvae, three processes were tested: T1, cypermethrin 5% + chlorpyrifos 7% + citronellal 0.5% (Pour on); T2, trichlorfon powder dissolved at 2% in burnt oil passed on the nodules; T3, manual larva extraction. The study was conducted at Instituto de Zootecnia in Nova Odessa, São Paulo State, Brazil. In a dairy herd of 176 animals, 29 with at least one larvae were found, distributed in the three treatments. Each treatment’s efficacy percentage was based on the number of live botflies present after 14 days. The animals were observed on days +4, +7, +14 and +21, and new botflies and abscesses were annotated. All treatments presented high effectiveness (above 98%). New botflies were already seen in the first week after applying the three treatments, and on day 21, two abscesses in each chemical treatment were observed. Larva extraction was 100% effective, with no originating abscesses, and should be encouraged in small and medium-sized properties and those with resistant botflies to chemical products. ABSTRACT tested T1 T 5 7 05 0 0.5 Pour on) T2 2 nodules T3 Odessa State Brazil 17 found s 1 4 +4 +7 +1 21 +21 annotated above 98%. 98 98% . 98%) 100 effective mediumsized medium sized products 0. +2 9 10

Resumo A resistência de Rhipicephalus microplus a carrapaticidas gera a necessidade de alternativas de controle. Uma das formas de diminuir o uso de carrapaticida em um rebanho é o controle seletivo do carrapato (CS). O presente estudo avaliou o CS em rebanho leiteiro, constituído de diferentes grupos genéticos: Holandês, Jersey, mestiço e Girolando. Carrapatos foram contados na região do terço anterior direito, totalizando nove avaliações em cerca de 90 vacas, a intervalos ao redor de 21 dias. Carrapaticida comercial pour-on foi aplicado somente quando a infestação fosse igual ou superior a oito carrapatos maiores que 4 mm na região anterior. Dados de contagens foram transformados em log10 e analisados por meio de modelos mistos. Houve diferença significativa entre os grupos genéticos: vacas Holandesas apresentaram maiores médias no número de carrapatos, como esperado, embora 34,3% não tenha recebido tratamento carrapaticida; nas demais, o CS proporcionou diminuição do uso de carrapaticidas de 79,1% para as mestiças, 81,5% para as Jersey e 94,9% para as Girolando. O critério utilizado para aplicar o carrapaticida manteve a população de carrapatos sob controle. A grande vantagem do CS foi a economia ao sistema, sem prejudicar os animais, com menos resíduos para animais e meio ambiente.

Abstract Alternatives for Rhipicephalus microplus control are needed in the light of its resistance to acaricides. One of the ways to decrease the use of acaricides in a herd is selective control (SC). In the present study, SC was evaluated in a dairy herd consisting of different genetic groups: Holstein, Jersey, crossbreed and Girolando. Ticks were counted in the right anterior third region on around 90 cows, totaling nine evaluations at intervals of 21 days. Commercial pour-on acaricide was applied only when the infestation was greater than or equal to eight ticks larger than 4 mm in the anterior third region. Tick counts were transformed into log10 and analyzed using mixed models. There was significant difference among groups: Holstein had the highest averages of tick numbers, as expected, although 34.3% did not receive tick treatment. In the other groups, SC reduced the use of acaricides by 79.1% for crossbreed, 81.5% for Jersey and 94.9% for Girolando. The criterion used for applying the acaricide successfully kept the tick population under control. The great advantage of SC was savings to the system, without harming the animals, in addition to generate fewer residues in the animals and in the environment.

UDP-glucose dehydrogenase (UGDH) catalyzes the oxidation of UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) to UDP-glucuronate (UDP-GlcA), a key sugar nucleotide involved in the biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides. A full-length cDNA fragment coding for UGDH was cloned from the cambial region of 6-month-old E. grandis saplings by RT-PCR. The 1443-bp-ORF encodes a protein of 480 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 53 kDa. The recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli catalyzed the conversion of UDP-Glc to UDP-GlcA, confirming that the cloned cDNA encodes UGDH. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA showed a high degree of identity with UGDH from several plant species. The Southern blot assay indicated that more than one copy of UGDH is present in Eucalyptus. These results were also confirmed by the proteomic analysis of the cambial region of 3- and 22-year-old E. grandis trees by 2-DE and LC-MS/MS, showing that at least two isoforms are present. The cloned gene is mainly expressed in roots, stem and bark of 6-month-old saplings, with a lower expression in leaves. High expression levels were also observed in the cambial region of 3- and 22-year-old trees. The results described in this paper provide a further view of the hemicellulose biosynthesis during wood formation in E. grandis.