Abstract The screening of organisms capable of decoloring a textile effluent was performed using 4 fungi (F24= Aspergillus spp.., F48= Aspergillus spp.., F98= Aspergillus fumigatus, FTL01=Trametes lactinea) and 2 bacteria (T9 = Bacillus subtilis, T19 = Alcaligenes faecalis). These organisms were submitted to effluent decoloration assays in which the T. lactinea fungus demonstrated the greatest decoloration capacity (51.35%); thus, it was selected as a model organism for this study. The effect of pH, temperature and carbon sources on the effluent decoloration rate by T. lactinea was studied. The effluent decoloration by T. lactinea reached levels higher than 89.77%. Finally, acute toxicity assays on Artemia salina revealed that T. lactinea treatment reduced the toxicity of raw effluent. F24= F24 F (F24 spp spp.. F48 F98 fumigatus FTL01Trametes FTLTrametes FTL01 Trametes FTL T9 T (T subtilis T1 faecalis. faecalis . faecalis) 51.35% 5135 51 35 (51.35%) thus study pH studied 8977 89 77 89.77% Finally F2 (F2 spp. F4 F9 FTL0 51.35 513 5 3 (51.35% 897 8 7 89.77 (F 51.3 (51.35 89.7 51. (51.3 89. (51. (51 (5 (

Resumo A triagem dos organismos com capacidade de descoloração de um efluente têxtil foi executada usando 4 fungos (F24 = Aspergillus spp.., F48 = Aspergillus spp.., F98 = Aspergillus fumigatus, FTL01 = Trametes lactinea) e 2 bactérias (T9 = Bacillus subtilis, T19 = Alcaligenes faecalis). Esses organismos foram submetidos ao teste de descoloração do efluente bruto, no qual o fungo Trametes lactinea foi o organismo que demonstrou maior capacidade de descoloração (51,35%) e, desse modo, foi selecionado como organismo modelo para este estudo. T. lactinea foi submetido ao teste de descoloração na presença de diferentes variáveis (valores de pH, temperaturas e fontes de carbono) e a descoloração por T. lactinea chegou a níveis superiores a 89,77% de descoloração. Por fim, os testes de toxicidade aguda em Artemia salina indicaram que houve redução da toxicidade do efluente bruto após o tratamento com T. lactinea. F24 F (F2 spp spp.. F4 F9 fumigatus FTL FTL0 T9 T (T subtilis T1 faecalis. faecalis . faecalis) 51,35% 5135 51 35 (51,35% modo estudo valores pH carbono 8977 89 77 89,77 fim F2 (F spp. 51,35 513 5 3 (51,35 897 8 7 89,7 51,3 (51,3 89, 51, (51, (51 (5 (

ABSTRACT Dyes used in the textile industry contribute significantly to the increase of water pollution as they are disposed of, most of the time, without proper treatment. Indigo carmine is a synthetic dye widely used in the coloring of jeans and is considered difficult to remove, causing irreversible damage to the food chain in ecosystems. Mycomediation appears as an economical and sustainable way to treat textile effluents, and this work tested three strains of Trametes collected in Brazil against the ability to discolor the indigo carmine and also the activity of laccase, lignin and manganese peroxidases. The experiment was carried out in Kirk medium under static, non-sterile condition, at ± 28 °C for 120 h. Trametes lactinea (URM8350) discolored 81.40 % of the indigo carmine, T. lactinea (URM8350) 85.09 % and T. villosa (URM8022) 96.11 %. Laccase was detected in all specimens. Manganese peroxidase was detected in T. villosa and T. lactinea (URM8354), while lignin peroxidase was not detected in any of the isolates. The ability of T. lactinea to discolor dyes is reported for the first time. The discoloration rates demonstrate the ability of the strains to discolor carmine indigo and their promising use in the discoloration processes in wastewater from the textile segment.

A utilização de metabólitos secundários obtidos de líquens, na indústria farmacêutica, de cosmético, têxtil e de alimentos deve ser criteriosa, visto que a extração e isolamento desses metabólitos requerem uma grande quantidade de biomassa dificilmente renovável, devido ao crescimento lento do líquen. Atualmente, é possível obter substâncias liquênicas tanto por cultivo de tecidos, como por imobilizações celulares e enzimáticas, a partir do talo in natura, utilizando pequena quantidade de material liquênico. Portanto, este trabalho objetiva investigar a produção de compostos fenólicos a partir de células imobilizadas de Parmotrema andinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale utilizando acetato de sódio como precursor da biossíntese dos fenóis. Ensaios de atividade antimicrobiana com extratos orgânicos do talo in natura, eluatos celulares e do ácido lecanórico isolado de P. andinum Hale demonstraram ação contra bactérias Gram-positivas. Através de testes biocromatográficos foi possível associar a atividade antibacteriana ao ácido lecanórico e uma substância não identificada presente na espécie. As substâncias produzidas através de imobilização celular não exibiram ação inibitória frente os microrganismos testados.

Hale and evaluation of antimicrobial activity). Secondary metabolites obtained from lichens should be carefully used by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile and food industries because the extraction and isolation of these metabolites requires large amounts of biomass, which is not renewable due to how slow lichens grow. Nowadays, it is possible to obtain these substances either by tissue culture or cell and enzymatic immobilizations, from an in natura thallus, using a small amount of lichenous material. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the production of phenolic compounds from Parmotrema andinum (Müll. Arg.) Hale immobilized cells, using sodium acetate as a precursor in the biosynthesis of phenols. Testing of antimicrobial activity with organic extracts of the in natura thallus, cell eluate and lecanoric acid isolated from P. andinum Hale showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Through biochromatographic assays, it was possible to associate the antibacterial activity to the lecanoric acid and to another unidentified substance. The substances produced by cell immobilization did not exhibit any inhibitory action against tested microorganisms.