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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess maternal mortality (MM) in Brazilian Black, Pardo, and White women. METHODS We evaluated the maternal mortality rate (MMR) using data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health public databases from 2017 to 2022. We compared MMR among Black, Pardo, and White women according to the region of the country, age, and cause. For statistical analysis, the Q2 test prevalence ratio (PR) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated. RESULTS From 2017 to 2022, the general MMR was 68.0/100,000 live births (LB). The MMR was almost twice as high among Black women compared to White (125.81 vs 64.15, PR = 1.96, 95%CI:1.84–2.08) and Pardo women (125.8 vs 64.0, PR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.85–2.09). MMR was higher among Black women in all geographical regions, and the Southeast region reached the highest difference among Black and White women (115.5 versus 60.8, PR = 2.48, 95%CI: 2.03–3.03). During the covid-19 pandemic, MMR increased in all groups of women (Black 144.1, Pardo 74.8 and White 80.5/100.000 LB), and the differences between Black and White (PR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.64–1.95) and Black and Pardo (PR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.77–2.09) remained. MMR was significantly higher among Black women than among White or Pardo women in all age ranges and for all causes. CONCLUSION Black women presented higher MMR in all years, in all geographic regions, age groups, and causes. In Brazil, Black skin color is a key MM determinant. Reducing MM requires reducing racial disparities. (MM (MMR 201 2022 country cause analysis Q CI (CI calculated 680100000 68 0 100 000 68.0/100,00 LB. LB . (LB) 125.81 12581 125 81 6415 64 15 64.15 196 1 96 1.96 95%CI1.84–2.08 95CI184208 95%CI 1.84–2.08 95 84 2 08 95%CI:1.84–2.08 125.8 1258 8 (125. 640 64.0 95CI 1.85–2.09. 185209 1.85–2.09 85 09 1.85–2.09) regions 115.5 1155 115 5 (115. 608 60 60.8 248 48 2.48 2.03–3.03. 203303 2.03–3.03 03 3 2.03–3.03) covid19 covid 19 covid-1 pandemic 1441 144 144.1 748 74 74. 805100000 80 80.5/100.00 LB, , LB) 179 79 1.79 1.64–1.95 164195 192 92 1.92 1.77–2.09 177209 77 remained causes years Brazil determinant disparities 20 202 68010000 6 10 00 68.0/100,0 (LB 12 641 64.1 9 1.9 CI1 95%CI1.84–2.0 95CI18420 184208 1.84–2.0 95%CI:1.84–2.0 125. (125 64. 18520 1.85–2.0 115. 11 (115 60. 24 4 2.4 20330 2.03–3.0 covid1 covid- 14 144. 7 80510000 80.5/100.0 17 1.7 1.64–1.9 16419 1.77–2.0 17720 6801000 68.0/100, 1. 95%CI1.84–2. 95CI1842 18420 1.84–2. 95%CI:1.84–2. (12 1852 1.85–2. (11 2. 2033 2.03–3. 8051000 80.5/100. 1.64–1. 1641 1.77–2. 1772 680100 68.0/100 95%CI1.84–2 95CI184 1842 1.84–2 95%CI:1.84–2 (1 185 1.85–2 203 2.03–3 805100 80.5/100 1.64–1 164 1.77–2 177 68010 68.0/10 95%CI1.84– 95CI18 184 1.84– 95%CI:1.84– ( 18 1.85– 2.03– 80510 80.5/10 1.64– 16 1.77– 6801 68.0/1 95%CI1.84 95CI1 1.84 95%CI:1.84 1.85 2.03 8051 80.5/1 1.64 1.77 680 68.0/ 95%CI1.8 1.8 95%CI:1.8 2.0 805 80.5/ 1.6 68.0 95%CI1. 95%CI:1. 80.5 68. 95%CI1 95%CI:1 80.