Abstract Background: Bloodstream infections are an increasing problem and currently represent a threat to public health, overcoming diseases such as HIV. Bacteremia accounts for approximately 15% of all nosocomial infections and affects 1% of all hospitalized patients. Aim: To describe the clinical, epidemiological and microbiological characteristic of episodes of nosocomial bacteremia occurring in a Colombian hospital. Methods: Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study including adult patients, hospitalized in the internal medicine unit at the University Hospital of Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia, during years 2014 to 2016, who met the criteria of the CDC for bloodstream infection. The protocol was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee and by the Research Ethics Committee of the Industrial University of Santander. Results: We reviewed 450 clinical records with 148 patients and 182 microbiological isolates. 53% were male. The most frequent comorbidities were: high blood pressure (46.6%), HIV infection (29.7%). The vascular and urinary systems were the most frequent anatomical sites as the source of the infection (respectively 37.3% and 38.3%). Case fatality rate was 29%. The pathogens most frequently isolated were: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (globally: 49.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus 12.1%. The multivariate analysis showed a relationship between anemia and in-hospital mortality (OR = 17.3, 95%CI 2.95-102.0). Conclusions: Bacteremia is a frequent infection during hospital care that presents high mortality. It is noteworthy the predominance of Enterobacteriaceae isolates with broad profiles of resistance. The history of HIV infection is one of the most frequent which deserves to be evaluated as a risk group.

Resumen Introducción: Las infecciones del torrente sanguíneo son un problema creciente y actualmente son una amenaza para la salud pública. La bacteriemia representa aproximadamente 15% de todas las infecciones nosocomiales y afecta a 1% de los pacientes hospitalizados. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y microbiológicas de episodios de bacteriemia nosocomial ocurridos en un hospital colombiano. Pacientes y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, de corte transversal, con inclusión de pacientes adultos, hospitalizados por el Servicio de Medicina Interna en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia, durante los años 2014 a 2016. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Industrial de Santander. Resultados: Se revisaron 450 historias clínicas, con 148 pacientes y 182 aislados microbianos. Los antecedentes más frecuentes fueron: hipertensión arterial (46,6%) e infección por VIH (29,7%). El sistema vascular y urinario ocuparon los sitios anatómicos más frecuentes (37,3 y 38,3%, respectivamente). La letalidad fue de 29%. Los patógenos más frecuentemente aislados fueron: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (en suma: 49,8%) y Staphylococcus aureus 12,1%. El análisis multivariado mostró relación de la anemia con mortalidad intrahospitalaria (OR = 17,3; IC95% 2,95-102,0). Conclusiones: La bacteriemia es una infección frecuente durante la atención hospitalaria que presenta gran mortalidad. Es destacable el predominio de aislados de enterobacterias multiresistentes. El antecedente de infección por VIH es uno de los más frecuentes el que amerita ser evaluado como grupo de riesgo.

O texto analisa setenta trabalhos apresentados no GT Formação de Professores da ANPEd, no período1992-1998. As pesquisas foram organizadas segundo cinco descritores: formação inicial de professores, formação continuada, práticas pedagógicas, profissionalização docente e revisão da literatura sobre formação de professores. O estudo procura oferecer uma visão compreensiva sobre as questões, os referenciais teóricos e os avanços do conhecimento na área, explorando relações, explicitando divergências e delineando tendências de pesquisa. O conjunto dos trabalhos traz contribuições para fundamentar e subsidiar propostas e políticas de formação e de desenvolvimento profissional docente.

This texts sets out to analyse seventy papers presented in the ANPEd Working Group on Teacher Formation during the period 1992-1998. The research was organised employing five categories: initial teacher formation, continued formation, pedagogical practices, teacher professionalisation and literature review on teacher formation. The study seeks to offer a comprehensive vision with regard to theoretical frameworks and recent advances in the area, exploring relations, expressing divergences and outlining research tendencies. The set of papers offers contributions to substantiate proposals and policies for teacher formation and professional development.

A pesquisa teve por objetivo registrar eventuais mudanças nas decisões instrucionais e nas representações sobre o ensino, resultantes de um trabalho sistemático de reflexão sobre a prática, em um curso de formação inicial de professores de Física. Na Faculdade, os participantes assistiam aos vídeos de seus desempenhos em classes do secundário, analisando, problematizando e propondo reformulações para suas práticas docentes. O estudo descreve as características que marcaram a interação professor-licenciandos, facilitando o processo de (re)construção e (re)formulação das representações e das práticas docentes.

This study aims to register possible changes in teaching concepts and teaching practices, resulting from a systematic effort of reflection, in a preparation course for science teachers. In the School of Education, the participants used to see the videos showing their actions in secondary classes, analyzing, discussing and reelaborating their teaching concepts and practices. The study describes also the features of teacher-students interactions, which promoted the desiquilibrium and accommodation processes.