Abstract This prospective study aims to evaluate dental pain, anxiety, and catastrophizing levels in pregnant women undergoing root canal treatment. Sixty pregnant and non-pregnant women presenting dental pain and an indication for root canal treatment were included in the study. Dental anxiety and catastrophizing were investigated using validated questionnaires. The endodontic intervention was performed, and a numerical scale measured preoperative and postoperative dental pain. The results were analyzed using STATA software 12.0. Unadjusted analyses assessed the association between pregnancy and pain, anxiety, and catastrophizing levels. Multiple linear regression models using ‘forward stepwise’ entry procedures were used to assess the independent effects of variables on pain scores. The significance level was set at 0.05. Initially, most patients experienced intense dental pain. The levels of dental pain, dental anxiety, and catastrophizing did not differ between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Logistic regression showed that postoperative pain was associated with irreversible pulpitis diagnosis (OR = 4.78; 95%CI 1.55–13.55) and high catastrophizing levels (OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.01–3.84). Preoperative and postoperative pain rates and anxiety and catastrophizing were similar between pregnant and non-pregnant patients. Postoperative pain was associated with irreversible pulpitis diagnosis and high catastrophizing levels. The similarity between pregnant and non-pregnant women regarding preoperative and postoperative dental pain and catastrophizing and anxiety levels supports the indication of root canal treatment during the gestational period whenever necessary. nonpregnant non questionnaires performed 120 12 0 12.0 forward stepwise scores 005 05 0.05 Initially OR 4.78 478 4 78 95CI CI 95 1.55–13.55 1551355 1 55 13 1.96 196 96 1.01–3.84. 101384 1.01–3.84 . 01 3 84 1.01–3.84) necessary 12. 00 0.0 4.7 47 7 9 1.55–13.5 155135 5 1.9 19 10138 1.01–3.8 8 0. 4. 1.55–13. 15513 1. 1013 1.01–3. 1.55–13 1551 101 1.01–3 1.55–1 155 10 1.01– 1.55– 15 1.01 1.55 1.0 1.5

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the changes in the work routine of Brazilian pediatric dentists (PD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Dentists specializing in pediatric dentistry, working in public or private services, and attending children or adolescents were included. Data collection was performed through a self-administered online questionnaire. Demographic information such as gender, age, work experience time, city size, and place of work was collected; if specific preventive measures were adopted during the pandemic; if there was an increase in service prices and additional costs; and how did the search for urgent or elective dental care take place during 2020 and 2021. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results: A total of 270 PD answered the questionnaire, of which 52.6% interrupted elective care during the pandemic, more than half (51.1%) reduced the number of patients per shift, and more than 70% increased weekly hours. Regarding the financial aspect, 94.7% of participants reported having additional costs, and 51.8% increased the cost of their appointments. In 2020, 72.0% reported a decrease in searches for elective appointments and 58.7% an increase for urgent care. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the search for appointments and the routine of Brazilian PD. For many, the potential financial impact was due to additional costs, periods without patients, and price correction of appointments. Objective (PD COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Methods dentistry services included selfadministered self administered questionnaire gender age time size collected costs 202 2021 Results 27 526 52 6 52.6 51.1% 511 51 1 (51.1% shift 70 hours aspect 947 94 7 94.7 518 8 51.8 720 72 0 72.0 587 58 58.7 Conclusion many COVID1 COVID- 20 2 5 52. 51.1 (51.1 9 94. 51. 72. 58. (51. (51 (5 (

Resumo Introdução O impacto da cárie dentária na saúde sistêmica na qualidade de vida de adultos é bem estabelecido na literatura. Contudo, nenhum estudo explorou o impacto da doença na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de populações quilombolas. Objetivo Explorar a associação entre a QVRSB e a cárie dentária em adultos de uma comunidade quilombola no Sul do Brasil. Método Estudo transversal conduzido com adultos (n=60) residentes na comunidade quilombola Algodão, localizada em Pelotas (RS), Brasil. Um questionário contendo questões sociodemográficas/econômicas e relacionadas ao acesso ao serviço de saúde bucal foi aplicado em entrevistas domiciliares. A cárie dentária (principal variável independente) foi avaliada pelo índice de dentes permanentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPO-D). O Oral Health Impact Profile-14 items (OHIP-14) foi aplicado para explorar a QVRSB (desfecho). A análise de regressão de Poisson foi realizada para estimar as razões de chances (RC) e os intervalos de confiança (IC 95%) das associações. Foram empregadas práticas transparência em pesquisa e ciência aberta. Resultados A prevalência de impacto negativo na QVRSB (OHIP-14≥2) foi identificada em 60% dos adultos quilombolas; o escore mediano do OHIP-14 na amostra foi de 8,00 (2,00-20,00). Mais de dois terços dos adultos tinham experiência de cárie dentária (CPO-D≥1, 91,70%), e o escore mediano do CPO-D foi de 14,00 (6,25-24,00). Após realizados os ajustes para os potenciais fatores de confusão (sexo, etnia, visita ao dentista na vida, motivo da última consulta e necessidade de tratamento autorreferida), uma associação significativa entre o escore do OHIP-14 e a severidade de cárie dentária (CPO-D) [RC: 1,124 (IC95%:1,090-1,159); p<0,001] foi verificada. Conclusão A QVRSB de adultos residentes numa comunidade quilombola no Sul do Brasil foi significativamente associada com o número de elementos dentários com cárie. literatura Contudo (QVRSB quilombolas n=60 n60 n 60 (n=60 Algodão RS, RS , (RS) sociodemográficaseconômicas sociodemográficas econômicas domiciliares principal independente cariados CPOD. CPOD CPO D . Profile14 Profile 14 Profile-1 OHIP14 OHIP (OHIP-14 desfecho. desfecho (desfecho) RC (RC IC 95% 95 associações aberta OHIP14≥2 OHIP142 14≥2 2 (OHIP-14≥2 OHIP-1 800 8 00 8,0 2,0020,00. 2002000 2,00 20,00 20 (2,00-20,00) CPOD≥1, CPOD1 D≥1, 1 (CPO-D≥1 91,70%, 9170 91,70% 91 70 91,70%) 1400 14,0 6,2524,00. 6252400 6,25 24,00 6 25 24 (6,25-24,00) sexo, sexo (sexo etnia autorreferida, autorreferida autorreferida) (CPO-D [RC 1124 124 1,12 IC95%1,0901,159 IC9510901159 IC95% 1,090 1,159 IC95 090 159 (IC95%:1,090-1,159) p&lt0,001 plt0001 plt p&lt 0,001 p lt 0 001 p<0,001 verificada n=6 n6 (n=6 (RS Profile1 Profile- OHIP1 (OHIP-1 (desfecho 9 OHIP14≥ 142 14≥ (OHIP-14≥ OHIP- 80 8, 0020 2,0020,00 200200 200 2,0 2000 20,0 (2,00-20,00 CPOD≥1 D1 D≥1 (CPO-D≥ 917 91,70 7 140 14, 2524 6,2524,00 625240 625 6,2 2400 24,0 (6,25-24,00 112 12 1,1 0901 IC95%1,0901,15 IC951090115 1090 1,09 1159 1,15 IC9 09 15 (IC95%:1,090-1,159 lt0 p&lt0,00 plt000 0001 0,00 p<0,00 n= (n= (OHIP- 002 2,0020,0 20020 2, 20, (2,00-20,0 CPOD≥ D≥ 91,7 252 6,2524,0 62524 62 6, 240 24, (6,25-24,0 11 1, IC95%1,0901,1 IC95109011 109 1,0 115 (IC95%:1,090-1,15 p&lt0,0 plt00 000 0,0 p<0,0 (n (OHIP 2,0020, 2002 (2,00-20, 91, 6,2524, 6252 (6,25-24, IC95%1,0901, IC9510901 10 (IC95%:1,090-1,1 p&lt0, plt0 0, p<0, 2,0020 (2,00-20 6,2524 (6,25-24 IC95%1,0901 IC951090 (IC95%:1,090-1, p&lt0 p<0 2,002 (2,00-2 6,252 (6,25-2 IC95%1,090 IC95109 (IC95%:1,090-1 p< (2,00- (6,25- IC95%1,09 IC9510 (IC95%:1,090- (2,00 (6,25 IC95%1,0 IC951 (IC95%:1,090 (2,0 (6,2 IC95%1, (IC95%:1,09 (2, (6, IC95%1 (IC95%:1,0 (2 (6 (IC95%:1, ( (IC95%:1 (IC95%: (IC95% (IC95 (IC9

Abstract Background The impact of dental caries on systemic health and the quality of life of adults is well established in the literature. However, no study has explored the impact of the disease on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Quilombola populations. Objective To explore the association between OHRQoL and dental caries in adults from a quilombola community in southern Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with adults (n=60) living at Algodão Quilombola community, located in Pelotas (RS), Brazil. A questionnaire was applied in household interviews containing sociodemographic/economic questions and information related to access to oral health services. Dental caries (main independent variable) was assessed using the index of decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth (DMFT). The Oral Health Impact Profile-14 items (OHIP-14) was applied to explore OHRQoL (outcome). Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the rate ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (95%CI) of the associations. Transparency in research and open science practices were employed. Results The prevalence of negative impact on OHRQoL (OHIP-14≥2) was identified in 60% of adults; the median (interquartile range) OHIP-14 score in the sample was 8.00 (2.00-20.00). More than two thirds of the adults had dental caries experience (DMFT≥1, 91.70%) and the median DMFT score was 14.00 (6.25-24.00). After adjusting for potential confounding factors (sex, race, visit to the dentist in life, reason for last visit and self-reported need for treatment), a significant association was identified between the OHIP-14 score and the severity of dental caries (DMFT) [RR: 1.124 (95%CI: 1.090-1.159); p<0.001]. Conclusion The OHRQoL of adult living in a Quilombola community in southern Brazil was significantly associated with dental elements affected by caries. literature However healthrelated (OHRQoL populations crosssectional cross sectional n=60 n60 n 60 (n=60 RS, RS , (RS) sociodemographiceconomic sociodemographic economic services main variable decayed DMFT. . Profile14 Profile 14 Profile-1 OHIP14 OHIP (OHIP-14 outcome. outcome (outcome) RR (RR 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI associations employed OHIP14≥2 OHIP142 14≥2 2 (OHIP-14≥2 interquartile range OHIP-1 800 8 00 8.0 2.0020.00. 2002000 2.00 20.00 20 (2.00-20.00) DMFT≥1, DMFT1 1 (DMFT≥1 91.70% 9170 91 70 1400 14.0 6.2524.00. 6252400 6.25 24.00 6 25 24 (6.25-24.00) sex, sex (sex race selfreported self reported treatment, treatment treatment) (DMFT [RR 1124 124 1.12 1.0901.159 10901159 1.090 1.159 090 159 1.090-1.159) p&lt0.001. plt0001 plt p&lt 0.001 p lt 0 001 p<0.001] n=6 n6 (n=6 (RS Profile1 Profile- OHIP1 (OHIP-1 (outcome 9 OHIP14≥ 142 14≥ (OHIP-14≥ OHIP- 80 8. 0020 2.0020.00 200200 200 2.0 2000 20.0 (2.00-20.00 DMFT≥1 (DMFT≥ 91.70 917 7 140 14. 2524 6.2524.00 625240 625 6.2 2400 24.0 (6.25-24.00 112 12 1.1 0901 1.0901.15 1090115 1090 1.09 1159 1.15 09 15 1.090-1.159 lt0 p&lt0.001 plt000 0001 0.00 p<0.001 n= (n= (OHIP- 002 2.0020.0 20020 2. 20. (2.00-20.0 DMFT≥ 91.7 252 6.2524.0 62524 62 6. 240 24. (6.25-24.0 11 1. 1.0901.1 109011 109 1.0 115 1.090-1.15 p&lt0.00 plt00 000 0.0 p<0.00 (n (OHIP 2.0020. 2002 (2.00-20. 91. 6.2524. 6252 (6.25-24. 1.0901. 10901 10 1.090-1.1 p&lt0.0 plt0 0. p<0.0 2.0020 (2.00-20 6.2524 (6.25-24 1.0901 1.090-1. p&lt0. p<0. 2.002 (2.00-2 6.252 (6.25-2 1.090-1 p&lt0 p<0 (2.00- (6.25- 1.090- p< (2.00 (6.25 (2.0 (6.2 (2. (6. (2 (6 (

Abstract Behavioral characteristics may also take part in the etiology of dental caries. Sedentary behavior, especially watching television, is associated with increased intake of foods high in fat or free sugar, which could influence the occurrence of dental caries. The aim of this study was to assess the mediating effect of eating pattern on the relationship between television exposure time and the presence of dental caries in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 580 parent-child dyads with children aged 7 to 8 years in 20 public schools in Pelotas, Brazil. Parents or legal guardians were interviewed and provided information on demographic/socioeconomic data, children’s daily television exposure time, and answered the Biological Rhythms Interview for Assessment in Neuropsychiatry for Kids (BRIAN-K-eating pattern domain). Caries was evaluated through clinical examination. The mediating effect of eating pattern on the relationship between television exposure and presence of dental caries was estimated using the parametric g-formula. Prevalence of dental caries was 63%, and 22% of children watched TV 4 or more hours per day. Television exposure had no direct effect on the dental caries experience [odds ratio (OR): 1.05 (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.92–1.19)]. Nevertheless, difficulty maintaining regular eating pattern mediated the natural indirect effect of television exposure time (≥ 4 hours/day) on dental caries experience [OR: 1.07 (95%CI): 1.01–1.14)]. The results of this study confirm the indirect pathway between television viewing and dental caries and the role of disordered eating patterns in this association. behavior sugar crosssectional cross sectional 58 parentchild parent child 2 Pelotas Brazil demographicsocioeconomic demographic socioeconomic data childrens s BRIANKeating BRIAN K domain. domain . domain) examination gformula. gformula g formula. formula g-formula 63 63% 22 day odds OR (OR) 105 1 05 1.0 95% 95 (95 95%CI 95CI CI (95%CI) 0.92–1.19. 092119 0.92–1.19 0 92 19 0.92–1.19)] Nevertheless ≥ ( hours/day hoursday [OR 107 07 1.01–1.14. 101114 1.01–1.14 01 14 1.01–1.14)] association 5 6 (OR 10 1. 9 (9 (95%CI 09211 0.92–1.1 0.92–1.19) 10111 1.01–1.1 1.01–1.14) 0921 0.92–1. 1011 1.01–1. 092 0.92–1 101 1.01–1 09 0.92– 1.01– 0.92 1.01 0.9 0.

Abstract The perceptions of parents/caregivers regarding their children’s oral health can influence the standard of care and decision-making regarding oral health. The children’s perspective on their own oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) may differ from the parents/caregivers’ views. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the agreement between the perceptions of parents/caregivers and schoolchildren regarding OHRQoL. It was conducted with a sample of children between 8 and 11 years old and their parents/caregivers from Pelotas. Children answered the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 (CPQ), and parents/caregivers answered the short form of the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ). Socioeconomic data were also collected. Children’s dental caries, traumatic dental injuries, and malocclusions were examined. The Spearman’s correlation test was performed. A total of 119 parents/caregivers-children pairs were included. There was an agreement between the total scores of parents/caregivers and children (0.2770; p = 0.003), in the oral symptoms (0.1907; p = 0.038), and functional limitations (0.2233; p=0.015) domains. The Bland-Altman graph showed an agreement between children’s and parents/caregivers’ OHRQoL total score, but there was an underestimation of approximately two points in the parents/caregivers’ perception compared to the children’s score. There was an agreement between the reports of parents/caregivers and children regarding children’s OHRQoL. parentscaregivers parents caregivers childrens s decisionmaking decision making healthrelated related (OHRQoL views crosssectional cross sectional 1 Pelotas 810 10 8-1 CPQ, CPQ , (CPQ) ParentalCaregiver Parental Caregiver PCPQ. PCPQ P . (P-CPQ) collected Childrens caries injuries examined Spearmans Spearman performed parents/caregiverschildren parentscaregiverschildren included 0.2770 02770 0 2770 (0.2770 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 0.1907 01907 1907 (0.1907 0.038, 0038 0.038 038 0.038) 0.2233 02233 2233 (0.2233 p=0.015 p0015 015 domains BlandAltman Bland Altman score 81 8- (CPQ (P-CPQ caregiverschildren 0.277 0277 277 (0.277 000 0.00 00 0.190 0190 190 (0.190 0.03 03 0.223 0223 223 (0.223 p=0.01 p001 01 0.27 027 27 (0.27 0.0 0.19 019 19 (0.19 0.22 022 22 (0.22 p=0.0 p00 0.2 02 2 (0.2 0. 0.1 (0.1 p=0. p0 (0. p=0 (0 p= (

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the association between emotional and behavioural problems and dental fear/anxiety (DFA) in children aged four to 12 years treated at a clinic in southern Brazil. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study where mother-child dyads were interviewed, emotional and behavioural problems were investigated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (considering five subscales). Children's DFA was evaluated through the Venham Picture Test. For each SDQ subscale, Poisson regression model was explored. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated, considering a significant level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: Overall, 128 children participated in this study. Most children were female (54.7%) and aged between 7 and 9 years (39.8%). The prevalence of emotional problems was 47.7% and behavioural problems were 46.1%. The prevalence of DFA was 18.8%. Children with emotional problems had a 2.3 higher prevalence of DFA (95%CI 1.06-5.04). In general, behavioural problems were not associated with DFA (95%CI 0.84-3.34) only when conduct problems were considered (2.20; 95%CI 1.02-4.70). Conclusion: Children aged between 4 and 12 years who present emotional and conduct problems tend to show higher DFA. Objective fearanxiety fear anxiety (DFA 1 Brazil Methods crosssectional cross sectional motherchild mother child interviewed (SDQ subscales. subscales . subscales) Childrens s Test subscale explored PR (PR estimated 005 0 05 0.05 Results Overall 54.7% 547 54 (54.7% 39.8%. 398 39.8% 39 8 (39.8%) 477 47 47.7 461 46 46.1% 188 18 18.8% 23 2 3 2. 95CI CI 95 1.065.04. 106504 1.06 5.04 06 5 04 1.06-5.04) general 0.843.34 084334 0.84 3.34 84 34 0.84-3.34 2.20 220 20 (2.20 1.024.70. 102470 1.02 4.70 02 70 1.02-4.70) Conclusion 00 0.0 54.7 (54.7 39.8 (39.8% 47. 46.1 18.8 065 1.065.04 10650 106 1.0 504 5.0 1.06-5.04 843 0.843.3 08433 084 0.8 334 3.3 0.84-3.3 2.2 22 (2.2 024 1.024.70 10247 102 470 4.7 1.02-4.70 0. 54. (54. 39. (39.8 46. 18. 1.065.0 1065 10 1. 50 5. 1.06-5.0 0.843. 0843 08 33 3. 0.84-3. (2. 1.024.7 1024 4. 1.02-4.7 (54 (39. 1.065. 1.06-5. 0.843 0.84-3 (2 1.024. 1.02-4. (5 (39 1.065 1.06-5 0.84- ( 1.024 1.02-4 (3 1.06- 1.02-

Abstract Objective: To translate and perform the cross-cultural adaption of the CD:H scale for use in Paediatric Dentistry in Brazilian Portuguese language. Material and Methods: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the CD: H was carried out in four stages: 1) translation of the instrument; 2) reverse translation (back translation); 3) cross-cultural adaptation, and 4) face validation. Face validation consisted of the evaluation of 30 subjects from the target population. A pilot study was conducted with 15 children aged 5-10 years treated at a university dental clinic and their drawings were analysed by two dentists. Data were analysed using Stata 12.0. Results: In the face validation, most items were understood; however, some words were changed, and terms were included to identify the dental environment. Good reproducibility was obtained: inter-examiner reliability was 0.9647 and intra-examiner reliability was 0.9619 for examiner A and 0.8260 for examiner B. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the CD:H scale is a useful tool for dentists, helping identify children's emotions and being enjoyable for them. Objective crosscultural cross cultural CDH CD language Methods stages 1 instrument 2 back translation) 3 4 population 510 5 10 5-1 dentists 120 12 0 12.0 Results understood however changed environment obtained interexaminer inter 09647 9647 0.964 intraexaminer intra 09619 9619 0.961 08260 8260 0.826 B Conclusion childrens s them 51 5- 12. 0964 964 0.96 0961 961 0826 826 0.82 096 96 0.9 082 82 0.8 09 9 0. 08 8

Abstract This study aimed to translate and to perform the cultural adaptation of the instrument Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised for Dental (IPQ-RD) into Brazilian Portuguese. The IPQ-RD consists of 34 items that assess the cognitive and emotional representation/perception of parents/caregivers of children with dental caries, with response options on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from “Strongly agree” (score 1) to “Strongly disagree” (score 5). The higher the score, the lower the perception of the disease. The protocol consists of translation into Brazilian Portuguese, back-translation into English, revision by an Expert Review Committee, and pre-test (application in parents/caregivers of children in dental care). For some questions, the translated versions were identical (T1 = T2); for others, one version was preferred (T1 or T2); for still others, it was decided to modify terms to obtain greater clarity on the item (T3). In the first pre-test, three questions were misunderstood by more than 15% of the sample, after which the items were reviewed by the Expert Review Committee. In the second pre-test, the adapted version was applied to a new sample of parents/caregivers (n = 15) and the questions were understood by more than 85% of the participants. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the IPQ-RD was well understood by the evaluated population. QuestionnaireRevised Questionnaire Revised IPQRD IPQ RD (IPQ-RD 3 representationperception representation parentscaregivers parents caregivers caries 5point point 5 scale Strongly agree score 1 disagree 5. . 5) disease backtranslation back English Committee pretest pre test application care. care care) T1 T (T T2 T2) others T3. T3 (T3) pretest, test, 15 n 85 participants population (T3 8

Abstract Objective: To translate and culturally adapt the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale - Faces (MCDASf) into Brazilian Portuguese. Material and Methods: The MCDASf consists of eight questions about anxiety toward dental procedures that are answered on a five-point Likert scale ranging from “not worried” (1 point) to “very worried” (5 points). The answers correspond to a scale of face drawings ranging from extremely negative to extremely positive. The process consisted of initial translation, back-translation, expert committee review, and pretesting. Results: The first revised version was applied to 32 children aged 5 to 12 years, 16 from the city of Governador Valadares, Brazil (southeastern region) and 16 from the city of Pelotas, Brazil (southern region). In the first pretest, Item 5 was misunderstood by 6.25% of children in the southern region; Item 6 by 6.25% in both regions; Items 7 and 8 by 87.5% and 100% of those from the southeastern region, respectively, and by 12.5% and 25% of those from the southern region, respectively. Items 7 and 8 were modified by the expert committee, and the second revised version was applied to 32 children, 16 from each region. The only misunderstood items were 4 and 5, both by a 7-year-old boy in Governador Valadares. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the MCDASf was well understood by the sample of children.

Abstract This study aimed to assess the discriminant validity of the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) at different thresholds, compared with the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Index (dmf) instrument, to discriminate caries risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted including children aged 2-5 years from preschools in Southern Brazil. Parents answered a questionnaire, and children were clinically examined using the CAST instrument and, in the following weeks, using the dmf index. Two caries thresholds were adopted for CAST: caries in dentin (CAST4-7/CAST2,4-8) and enamel caries (CAST3-7/CAST2-8). Poisson regression was used in the analysis (p < 0.05). A total of 200 children were included. The prevalence of caries was 47.0% with dmf, 42.5% with CAST4-7, and 77.5% with CAST3-7. When the outcome was caries prevalence, CAST4-7 discriminated between sexes, household crowding, and dental pain, and CAST3-7 discriminated age and family income, while the dmf was associated with dental pain. When experience of caries was the outcome, all the criteria discriminated between sexes, age, family income, household overcrowding, visible dental plaque, and dental pain, while dmf and CAST2-8 also discriminated maternal schooling. The CAST discriminated caries risk factors similar to the dmf index when caries experience was the outcome. When prevalence was considered, CAST was able to discriminate for more individual characteristics than dmf.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate and discuss the prevention and management of dental trauma in primary teeth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Critic literature review, searching electronic databases and Google for articles and guidelines published in English that described prevention and management of dental trauma in primary dentition during the pandemic of COVID-19. Results: 5 publications regarding management and 1 leaflet about prevention for parents were identified. Urgent care is required when the child presents tooth fracture resulting in pain or causing soft tissue trauma and luxation affecting bite. Avulsed teeth should not be replanted and advice and self-help may be sufficient in some situations. Instructions about soft diet and hygiene must be provided. Remote consults are recommended for non-urgent situations and during follow-up to evaluate the presence of sequelae. Aerosol generating procedures should be avoided and, in cases of poor prognosis, extraction is recommended to prevent recurring visits to the dental office. Conclusion: During COVID-19 pandemic, remote consults should be recommended to evaluate traumatic dental injuries in primary dentition. Follow-up should not be neglected and may be performed through remote consultation.

Abstract This randomized parallel-group control trial tested the efficacy of distraction using audiovisual eyeglasses (AVE) during dental procedures [NCT03902158]. Forty-four 6–9 year-old children with low/moderate anxiety and who needed restorative treatment or exodontia of the primary molars were randomly allocated into two groups: the AVE (experimental) and the conventional behavior management techniques (control) groups. Motion sensors were used to measure the participants’ body movements. Dental visits were video recorded, and their pain levels and behavior were assessed using the Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability Behavioral Pain Assessment Scale and the Venham Behavioral Scale, respectively. Anxiety was assessed via heart rate measurements. After treatment, the children scored their pain using the Faces Pain Scale. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used to compare the groups. The mean score on the behavioral scale was 0.59 in the experimental group and 0.72 in the control group under local anesthesia (p = 0.73). During the procedure, the mean score was 0.41 in the experimental group and 1.32 in the control group (p = 0.07). The mean heart rate was similar in both groups (p = 0.47), but a significant increase during treatment was observed in the control group. There was no difference between the groups in terms of pain, behavior, and self-reported pain scores (p = 0.08). Children aged 6-7 who used the AVE had fewer wrist movements (435.6) than that of children in the control group (1170.4) (p = 0.04). The AVE achieved similar results to the basic behavior management techniques, with good acceptance by the children.

Abstract Objective: To identify psychosocial characteristics associated with dental anxiety in children aged 7-13 years in the dental setting. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 7-13 years attended at the Dentistry School of Pelotas, Brazil. Data collection was based on a questionnaire administered to mothers and children, and the behavior of children during dental treatment was evaluated using the Frankl’ Scale. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests in order to analyze the association between independent variables and dental anxiety. The effect of variables on the outcome was assessed by the Poisson regression model with robust variance (Prevalence Ratio; 95% Confidence interval). Results: A total of 187 children were included. Dental anxiety prevalence was 40.11%. After adjustments, younger children (p=0.046), only child (p=0.019), and children with negative previous dental experience (p=0.046) showed higher dental anxiety prevalence. Children with uncooperative behavior in previous (p=0.033) and current (p≤0.001) dental appointments showed higher dental anxiety prevalence. Conclusion: In this sample of children treated at a dentistry school, a report of dental anxiety was associated with age, birth order, previous dental experience and behavior in dental settings.

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o impacto de lesões dentais traumáticas severas na Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde Bucal (QVRSB) de crianças pré-escolares. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado com crianças de 2 a 5 anos e suas mães, na cidade de Pelotas / RS. A escala Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) foi aplicada para avaliar a percepção das mães sobre a QVRSB das crianças. O exame de saúde bucal incluiu traumatismo dentário, classificado como ausente / leve (fratura de esmalte apenas) ou severo, o número de dentes decíduos cariados, ausentes ou restaurados (ceo-d) e a presença de mordida aberta anterior. O impacto do traumatismo dentário severo na QVRSB foi avaliado por meio de análise de regressão logística (P <0,05). Resultados Foram incluídos 599 pré-escolares e 7,4% sofreram traumatismo dentário severo. Destes, 73,3% apresentaram impacto negativo na QVRSB (p = 0,044). Após ajustes, as crianças com traumatismo dentário severo tiveram um impacto na QVRSB 110% maior do que aquelas sem trauma / com trauma leve (OR: 2,10, IC 95% 1,01-4,35). Traumas dentais graves causaram impacto negativo nos domínios sintomas orais (OR: 2,13, IC 95% 1,10-4,14), domínio psicológico (OR: 2,13, IC 95% 1,10-4,13) e função familiar (OR: 2,79, IC 95% 1,17-6,61). Conclusão A presença de traumatismo dentário severo impacta a QVRSB de crianças pré-escolares e suas famílias.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of severe traumatic dental injuries on the Oral Health related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of preschool children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 2 to 5 years and their mothers, in Pelotas/ Brazil Southern. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was applied to assess the perception of mothers about children’s OHRQoL. Oral examination included dental trauma, categorized as absent/mild (enamel fracture only) or severe, the number of decayed, missing or restored primary teeth (dmft), and presence of anterior open bite. The impact of severe dental trauma on OHRQoL was evaluated using logistic regression analysis (P<0.05). Results: A total of 599 preschool children were included and 7.4% had severe dental trauma. Of these 73.3% showed negative impact on OHRQoL (p= 0.044). After adjustments, children with severe dental trauma had an impact in OHRQoL 110% higher than those without/with mild trauma (OR: 2.10, 95% CI 1.01-4.35). Severe dental injuries caused negative impact on the oral symptoms (OR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.10-4.14), psychological (OR: 2.13, 95% CI 1.10-4.13) and family function (OR: 2.79, 95% CI 1.17-6.61) domains. Conclusion: The presence of severe dental trauma impacts the OHRQoL of preschool children and their families.

O estudo teve como objetivo estimar a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico na faixa etária de 15 a 24 anos em Montevideo, Uruguai, e a associação entre características oclusais e fatores demográficos, clínicos e socioeconômicos, com base na trajetória de vida. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, utilizando dados da 1ª Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Oral do Uruguai. Foi utilizado um procedimento de cluster em dois estágios para selecionar uma amostra de 278 indivíduos em Montevideo. Entrevistas domiciliares e exames odontológicos foram realizados por seis odontólogos. O índice de estética dentária (DAI) e o índice de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (DMFT/CPOD) foram usados para avaliar a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico e de cárie dentária, respectivamente. Foram obtidos dados socioeconômicos da primeira infância e atuais, a partir de entrevistas. Foi utilizada a regressão logística ordinal para modelar o índice de estética dentária. A prevalência de oclusopatia definida era 20,6%, seguida pela forma grave (8,2%) e muito grave (7,6%). Na análise ajustada, indivíduos com cárie dentária não tratada (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,03-1,20) e aqueles de nível socioeconômico mais baixo aos 6 anos de idade (OR = 5,52; IC95%: 1,06-28,62) mostravam chances mais altas de apresentar oclusopatia mais grave. O nível socioeconômico atual não mostrou associação com necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico. Os indivíduos na faixa etária de 22-24 anos (OR = 1,59; IC95%: 1,05-2,41) mostraram probabilidade menor de oclusopatia quando comparados com a faixa etária de 14-17 anos. O estudo mostra que a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico é relativamente alta entre adolescentes e adultos jovens uruguaios. De acordo com a abordagem de trajetória de vida, existe uma relação potencial entre nível socioeconômico na primeira infância e oclusopatia em adolescentes e adultos jovens.

This study aims to estimate orthodontic treatment need among 15-24 year-old individuals in Montevideo, Uruguay, and the association of occlusal traits with demographic, clinical and socioeconomic factors, considering a life course approach. A cross-sectional study using data from the First National Oral Health Survey in Uruguay was conducted. A two-stage cluster procedure was used to select a sample of 278 individuals in Montevideo. Household interviews and oral examinations were performed by six dentists. Dental Aesthetic (DAI) and Decayed Missing and Filled Teeth Indices (DMFT) were used to assess orthodontic treatment need and dental caries, respectively. Early life and current socioeconomic factors were obtained from the interview. Ordinal logistic regression was used to model the DAI index. Prevalence of definite malocclusion was 20.6%, followed by severe (8.2%) and very severe (7.6%). In the adjusted analysis, individuals with untreated dental caries (OR = 1.11; 95%CI: 1.03-1.20) and those who reported a lower socioeconomic level at 6 years of age (OR = 5.52; 95%CI: 1.06-28.62) had a higher chance of being a worse case of malocclusion. Current socioeconomic position was not associated with orthodontic treatment need. Individuals aged 22-24 years (OR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.05-2.41) had a lower chance than those aged 14-17. This study shows that orthodontic treatment need is relatively high in Uruguayan adolescents and young adults. There is a potential relationship between early life socioeconomic status and the occurrence of malocclusion in adolescents and young adults under a life course approach

El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el tratamiento de ortodoncia que necesitan jóvenes entre 15 y 24 años en Montevideo, Uruguay, y la asociación de los rasgos oclusores con factores demográficos, clínicos y socioeconómicos, considerando el ciclo vital. Se trata de un estudio transversal que maneja datos de la Primera Encuesta Nacional de Salud Bucal en Uruguay. Se utilizó un procedimiento de análisis de clúster en dos fases para seleccionar una muestra de 278 personas en Montevideo. Se realizaron entrevistas domiciliarias y exámenes bucales por parte de seis dentistas. Se usaron también datos de índices de cirugías estéticas (DAI) y del número de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados (DCPO), con el fin de evaluar el tratamiento necesario ortodóntico y las caries dentales, respectivamente. La primera infancia y la situación socioeconómica actual fueron factores que se obtuvieron de la entrevista. Se usó una regresión logística ordinaria para modelar el índice DAI. La prevalencia de la maloclusión definitiva fue de un 20,6%, seguida por la severa (8,2%) y la muy severa (7,6%). En el análisis ajustado, las personas que no se habían tratado las caries dentales (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,03-1,20), y quienes informaron de un nivel socioeconómico bajo a los 6 años de edad (OR = 5,52; IC95%: 1,06-28,62), tenían una mayor probabilidad de sufrir un caso de maloclusión. La posición socioeconómica actual no se asoció con el tratamiento ortodóntico necesitado. Las personas con 22-24 años (OR = 1,59; IC95%: 1,05-2,41) tenían una probabilidad más baja que aquellos con una edad entre 14-17. Este estudio muestra que el tratamiento ortodóntico necesario es relativamente alto en adolescentes uruguayos y adultos jóvenes. Hay una relación potencial entre el estatus socioeconómico en la primera infancia y la ocurrencia de maloclusión en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos desde una perspectiva del ciclo vital.