Abstract Objective Investigate the auditory function of the elderly using the middle latency potentials. Methodology Group 1 (G1): 20 healthy individuals of both genders, older than 60 years, without hearing loss. Group 2 (G2): 20 healthy individuals of both sexes, older than 60 years, with hearing loss in frequencies from 4 to 8 kHz. Potential recording was performed with unilateral and bilateral stimulation and the Binaural Interaction Component was calculated. Results Na latency in C3A1 was greater in the stimulation of the right ear in G2 and the amplitude of Na-Pa was greater in the stimulation of the right ear and recording in C3A1 in G1. The latency of the Pa component was higher in the stimulation of the right ear recorded in C4A2. The Pb component in G2 by bilateral stimulation and recorded in C4A2 had higher latency. The first and second negative and positive peaks presented greater amplitude in G1. In C3A1, the 1st negative peak was more negative in G1 and the 2nd positive peak showed greater amplitude in C4A2 in both groups. Conclusion The transmission of auditory information to the primary auditory cortex is impaired with aging, especially in unilateral stimulation, reinforced by losses in elderly people with peripheral hearing loss, such as in the binaural interaction at the cortical and subcortical levels. Thus, the AMLR has shown to be a sensitive examination to investigate neuroauditory disorders in the elderly, especially related to high-frequency hearing loss and primary auditory cortex dysfunctions caused by the aging process. potentials G (G1) genders 6 years (G2) sexes kHz calculated CA C A C3A NaPa C4A st nd groups levels Thus highfrequency high frequency process (G1 (G2 (G

RESUMO Objetivo analisar o efeito do mascaramento estável e modulado no Potencial Evocado Auditivo Cortical com estímulo de fala em adultos-jovens. Método participaram 14 indivíduos com idades entre 19 e 28 anos de ambos os sexos e sem perda auditiva. O exame de Potencial Evocado Auditivo Cortical foi realizado com estímulo de fala sintética /ba/ simultâneo ao ruído Speech Shaped Noise apresentado em três condições: ruído estável com intensidade de 30 dB NPSpe (ruído estável fraco), ruído estável com intensidade de 65 dB NPSpe (ruído estável forte) e ruído modulado em intensidade de 30 dB NPSpe e 65 dB NPSpe em 25Hz e com período de modulação de 40 ms. Resultados foram observadas maiores latências nos componentes corticais, exceto P2, na condição de ruído estável forte e medidas mais robustas de amplitude dos componentes corticais P1, N1 e P2 na condição de ruído modulado com diferença estatística significativa na comparação com a condição de ruído estável forte. Houve pior morfologia na condição de ruído estável forte, quando comparado aos demais registros. Os limiares eletrofisiológicos médios para as condições de ruído estável forte e ruído modulado foram 60 dB NPSpe e 49 dB NPSpe, respectivamente, mostrando 11,7 dB de diferença média. Conclusão podemos inferir que houve um menor efeito mascarante do ruído modulado, comparado à condição de ruído estável forte, nas medidas de amplitude dos componentes corticais e uma diferença média de 11,7 dB entre os limiares eletrofisiológicos (interpretado como a medida do Benefício do Mascaramento Modulado).

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the effect of masking on the Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential with speech stimulus in young adults. Methods Fourteen individuals aged between 19 and 28 years of both sexes with no hearing loss participated in the study. The Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential examination was performed with synthetic speech stimulus /ba/ simultaneous to Speech Shaped Noise presented under three conditions: steady noise with a 30 dB SPLep intensity (weak steady noise), steady noise with a 65 dB SPLep intensity o (strong steady noise) and modulated noise with 30 dB SPLep and 65 dB SPLep intensities at 25Hz and modulation period of 40 ms. Results Higher latencies were observed in the cortical components, except P2, in the condition of strong steady noise and more meaningful measures of amplitude of the cortical components P1, N1 and P2 in the condition of modulated noise with statistically significant difference in comparison to the strong steady noise condition. There was worse wave morphology in the condition of strong steady noise, when compared to the other records. The average electrophysiological thresholds for the conditions of strong steady noise and modulated noise were 60 dB SPLep and 49 dB SPLep, respectively, showing a 11.7 dB mean difference. Conclusion We could infer that there was a lower masking effect of modulated noise when compared to the strong steady noise condition, in the amplitude measurements of the cortical components and an average difference of 11.7 dB between the electrophysiological thresholds (interpreted as the measure of the Masking Release).

ABSTRACT Purpose: to compare cortical auditory evoked responses using two speech stimuli, /ma/ and /da/, in normally hearing young adults. Methods: a cross-sectional, observational and analytical study, with a sample composed of nineteen normally hearing young adults, recruited by convenience, ages between 18 and 25 years old, from both genders, participated in the study. Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) were monaurally recorded in two conditions: 1) with a pair of speech stimuli /ba/ and /da/, and 2), with a pair of speech stimuli /ba/ and /ma/. The order of the experiments was randomized in a proportion of 50% for each of the two stimuli, totaling 100 stimuli for each experiment. Speech sounds were presented at 70 dB SPL. Descriptive and analytical statistical tests were performed. Results: mean latency values of the complex P1, N1, P2, N2 and P3 were lower for the /ma/ when compared to those of /da/ (p <0,05). There was no difference in amplitude values between responses evoked using /ma/ and /da/. Conclusion: cortical auditory evoked potentials, elicited by the speech stimulus /ma/ had, on average, lower latency peaks of P1-N1-P2-N2 and P3, when compared to those of speech stimulus /da/.

Abstract Introduction Any type of sensory deprivation in childhood resulting from conductive hearing loss may impair the development of peripheral and central auditory pathway structures with negative consequences for binaural processing. Objective To characterize and compare monoaural and binaural auditory responses in neonates and children without and with a history of recurrent otitis. Methods The study included participants from 0 to 8 years and 11 months old, in good general health conditions, of both genders, divided into a control group, with no history of otitis, and a study group, with history of recurrent otitis. Cortical potential with speech stimulus /ba/-/da/ was used as collection procedure. The arithmetic calculation of the 512 points of the wave was performed to obtain the grand average of the waves of the subjects in both groups. The Shapiro-Wilk and mixed repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) statistical tests were performed to analyze the group effect, the condition, and the interaction (group versus condition) controlling the effect of the age-sex covariable. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the groups for all latency values; and for the P1, N1, P2, and N2 latencies, the differences between the groups occurred in the three analyzed conditions (right and left ears and binaural), revealing the influence of sensory deprivation. There were no significant differences in relation to wave amplitudes. Conclusion There are differences in the cortical potential with speech stimuli and in the binaural interaction component of children with and without history of recurrent otitis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between cognitive performance and long-latency auditory evoked potentials in an elderly population. METHODS: The sample consisted of adults between 20 and 58 years of age and elderly adults between 60 and 70 years of age. The screening procedures adopted were an inspection of the external auditory canal, tonal and vocal audiometry, tympanometry, brain stem auditory evoked potential, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test, and long-latency auditory evoked potential. RESULTS: The latency and amplitude values of cortical components by age group showed significant differences under the following conditions: (i) signals evoked by the speech stimulus /da/ and by the pure-tone stimulus at 2,000 Hz for the N2 amplitude (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively) , which were both higher for adults, and (ii) signals evoked by the speech stimulus /da/ for N1 latency (p=0.018) and by the pure-tone stimulus at 2,000 Hz for P2 latency (p=0.017), which were both higher in the elderly population. The cognitive component (P300) showed a significant difference when evoked by speech stimuli, with higher latency in the elderly population (p=0.013). When correlated with cognitive processes, the latency and amplitude of cortical potentials showed direct and medium-strength correlations between abnormal scores obtained on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test and P2 amplitude (p<0.001 and r=0.452). CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between long-latency potentials and cognitive performance in the elderly, which was observed by the increase in the P2 amplitude and the impairment of the process of sound decoding.

Resumo Introdução Os potenciais evocados auditivos corticais têm sido cada vez mais usados em pesquisas e rotinas audiológicas. É importante que mais pesquisas sejam realizadas com maior número de crianças por faixa etária, a fim de contribuir para o conhecimento e descrever a variação das medidas de latência e amplitude, permitir estabelecer valores de referência desse potencial para crianças de diferentes grupos etários. Objetivo Identificar a variação das medidas de latência e amplitude e estabelecer os valores de referência desse potencial para a população pediátrica. Método Estudo do tipo transversal. Os indivíduos nasceram a termo, com ausência de queixas auditivas. Participaram do estudo 105 crianças de até 6 anos e 11 meses, divididas em 7 grupos de idade, denominados 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7. Os testes foram feitos com o Biologic Navigator Pro. Inicialmente, foi realizado o potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico para investigar o limiar eletrofisiológico dos indivíduos. Em seguida, o potencial evocado auditivo cortical foi feito através do paradigma de oddball com toneburst diferindo em frequência, 750 Hz (frequente) e 1.000 Hz (raro) e o estímulo na fala: / ba / (frequente) e / da / (raro). Neste estudo, foram realizadas análises descritivas e comparativas dos estímulos tonais e de fala para os grupos etários. Resultados Diferenças significantes foram observadas na comparação do potencial evocado auditivo cortical com estímulo de fala da orelha direita para amplitude de P2, para latência de P1 da orelha esquerda, para amplitude de P2 da orelha esquerda e para amplitude de P1 da orelha esquerda quando feita com estímulo tonal. Conclusão Os resultados obtidos podem ser usados como medidas de referência de latência e amplitude dos potenciais auditivos corticais em lactentes e crianças, bem como para monitorar o desenvolvimento auditivo cortical.

Abstract Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials have been increasingly used in research and audiological routines. However, there is a lack of studies with a large number of children who are stratified by age group. These would help clarify the variations in latency and amplitude of cortical auditory evoked potentials, and thus help establish reference values in children of different ages. Objective To identify the variation in latency and amplitude of the cortical auditory evoked potentials and to establish reference values for the pediatric population. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were born at term and presented with no auditory complaints. A total of 105 children, of up to 6 years and eleven months old, who were divided into 7 age groups, named 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, participated in the study. The tests were carried out using Biologic Navigator Pro. Initially, brainstem auditory evoked potential testing was performed in order to investigate the electrophysiological threshold of the subjects. Then, cortical auditory evoked potentials were elicited through oddball paradigm with tone burst differing in frequency, 750 Hz (frequent) and 1000 Hz (rare), and stimuli differing in speech: /ba/ (frequent) and /da/ (rare). In this study, descriptive and comparative analyzes of tonal and speech stimuli were performed for the age groups. Results Significant differences were observed when comparing cortical auditory evoked potentials with speech stimulus in the right ear for P2 amplitude, for P1 latency the left ear, for P2 amplitude of the left ear; and for P1 amplitude of the left ear when performed with tonal stimuli. Conclusion The obtained results can be considered as reference values of latency and amplitude of cortical auditory potentials in infants and children, and be used for monitoring their cortical auditory development.

Resumo Introdução: A evolução do paciente na clínica fonoaudiológica atua como fator motivador do processo terapêutico, contribui para a sua adesão ao tratamento e possibilita ao terapeuta a revisão e/ou a manutenção de suas condutas. As medidas eletrofisiológicas, como o potencial evocado P300, auxiliam na avaliação, na compreensão e no monitoramento dos distúrbios da comunicação humana, facilitam, dessa forma, a definição do prognóstico de cada caso. Objetivo: Determinar se a terapia fonoaudiológica influencia na variação da latência e da amplitude do P300 em pacientes com distúrbio de linguagem submetidos à terapia fonoaudiológica. Método: Revisão sistemática com metanálise, na qual foram feitas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO e Lilacs, além das bases de literatura cinzenta: OpenGrey.eu e DissOnline. Foram considerados critérios de inclusão: ensaios clínicos aleatórios ou não, sem restrição de idiomas ou data, que submeteram crianças com distúrbio de linguagem à terapia fonoaudiológica, monitoradas pelo P300, comparadas a crianças sem intervenção. Resultados: A diferença média entre as latências do grupo submetido à terapia e do grupo controle foi de -20,12 ms com intervalo de confiança 95% entre -43,98 e 3,74 ms (p = 0,08; I2 = 25% e o valor de p = 0,26). A diferença média entre as amplitudes do grupo submetido à terapia e do grupo controle foi de 0,73 uV com intervalo de confiança de 95% entre -1,77 e 3,23 uV (p = 0,57; I2 = 0% e o valor de p = 0,47). Conclusão: A terapia fonoaudiológica não influencia nos resultados de latência e amplitude do potencial evocado P300 em crianças submetidas à intervenção fonoaudiológica.

Abstract Introduction: The patient's evolution in the audiology and speech-language clinic acts as a motivator of the therapeutic process, contributing to patient adherence to the treatment and allowing the therapist to review and/or maintain their clinical therapeutic conducts. Electrophysiological measures, such as the P300 evoked potential, help in the evaluation, understanding and monitoring of human communication disorders, thus facilitating the prognosis definition in each case. Objective: To determine whether the audiology and speech-language therapy influences the variation of P300 latency and amplitude in patients with speech disorders undergoing speech therapy. Methods: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis, in which the following databases were searched: Pubmed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, Web of Science, SciELO and LILACS, in addition to the gray literature bases: OpenGrey.eu and DissOnline. The inclusion criteria were randomized or non-randomized clinical trials, without language or date restriction, which evaluated children with language disorders undergoing speech therapy, monitored by P300, compared to children without intervention. Results: The mean difference between the latencies in the group submitted to therapy and the control group was −20.12 ms with a 95% confidence interval of −43.98 to 3.74 ms (p = 0.08, I 2 = 25% and p value = 0.26). The mean difference between the amplitudes of the group submitted to therapy and the control group was 0.73 uV with a 95% confidence interval of −1.77 to 3.23 uV (p = 0.57, I 2 = 0% and p value = 0.47). Conclusion: The present meta-analysis demonstrates that speech therapy does not influence the latency and amplitude results of the P300 evoked potential in children undergoing speech therapy intervention.

Abstract Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) are bioelectric responses that occur from acoustic stimulations, and they assess the functionality of the central auditory system. Objective The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of musical stimulation on CAEPs. Methods The sample consisted of 42 healthy female subjects, aged between 18 and 24 years, divided into two groups - G1: without musical stimulation prior to the CAEP examination; and G2: with stimulation prior to the examination. In both groups, as a pre-collection procedure, the complete basic audiological evaluation was performed. For the musical stimulation performed in G2, we used an MP4 player programmed to play Pachelbel’s “Canon in D Major” for five minutes prior to the CAEP examination. To analyze the effect on the groups, the ear side and the ide-group interaction , a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measures was performed. Box M test and Mauchly sphericity test were also performed. Results Test differences were considered statistically significant when the p-value was < 0.05 (5%). Thus, it was possible to observe that there was a statistically significant difference of the P2 component characterized by the decrease in the amplitude of response in the left ear in G2 when comparing the responses of CAEP with and without prior musical stimulation. Conclusion The result of the present study enabled us to conclude that there was a change in the response of CAEPs with musical stimulation.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever e comparar os resultados das provas oculares (sacádicos, rastreio, e optocinético) da vectoeletronistagmografia entre os grupos com dislexia, transtorno de aprendizagem e controle. Métodos: participaram deste estudo 28 estudantes do sexo masculino e feminino, com idade entre 8 e 11 anos. Foram divididos em três grupos, sendo Grupo I: Dez escolares com Dislexia, Grupo II: Nove escolares com Transtornos de Aprendizagem e Grupo III: Nove escolares sem dificuldades de aprendizagem. Nesta pesquisa foi realizada avaliação da vectoeletronistagmografia digital: provas oculares (sacádicos, rastreio, e optocinético). Resultados: verificou-se que as provas de movimento sacádico, nistagmo optocinético e rastreio pendular mostraram diferenças sutis entre os três grupos. Na comparação das provas de movimentos sacádicos dos olhos e pesquisa do nistagmo optocinético foi observada que a velocidade do movimento do olho esquerdo que se mostrou mais lento para o Grupo I, e ainda mais lentos para o Grupo II. Foi observado também que os grupos GI e GII foram mais lentos para o rastreio em pêndulo do estímulo luminoso em relação ao grupo controle. Conclusão: de modo geral, foi observada diferença entre os grupos para a medida da vectoeletronistagmografia, que indicam rastreios e reflexo vestibular-ocular mais lentos nas crianças com dislexia e transtornos de aprendizagem.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe and compare the results of ocular (saccadic, screening, and optokinetic) tests of vectoelectronystagmography among the groups with dyslexia, learning disorder and control. Methods: 28 male and female students aged 8 to 11 years participated in this study. They were divided into three groups: Group I, 10 students with dyslexia, Group II, 9 students with learning disorders and Group III, 9 students with no learning disorders. In this research, digital vectoelectronystagmography - ocular test - was performed. Results: saccadic movement, optokinetic nystagmus, and pendular tracking tests were found to show subtle differences among the three groups. Comparing the saccadic eye movements and the optokinetic nystagmus tests, it was observed that the movement in the left eye was slower for Group I, and even slower for Group II. It was also observed that GI and GII were slower for the pendular tracking of luminous stimulus in relation to the control group. Conclusion: in general, there are differences among the groups in the vectoelectronystagmography, which indicated slower tracking and vestibulo-ocular reflex in children with dyslexia and learning disorders.

Abstract Introduction The auditory system of HIV-positive children may have deficits at various levels, such as the high incidence of problems in the middle ear that can cause hearing loss. Objective The objective of this study is to characterize the development of children infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the Simplified Auditory Processing Test (SAPT) and the Staggered Spondaic Word Test. Methods We performed behavioral tests composed of the Simplified Auditory Processing Test and the Portuguese version of the Staggered SpondaicWord Test (SSW). The participants were 15 children infected by HIV, all using antiretroviral medication. Results The children had abnormal auditory processing verified by Simplified Auditory Processing Test and the Portuguese version of SSW. In the Simplified Auditory Processing Test, 60% of the children presented hearing impairment. In the SAPT, the memory test for verbal sounds showed more errors (53.33%); whereas in SSW, 86.67% of the children showed deficiencies indicating deficit in figure-ground, attention, and memory auditory skills. Furthermore, there aremore errors in conditions of background noise in both age groups, where most errors were in the left ear in the Group of 8-yearolds, with similar results for the group aged 9 years. Conclusion The high incidence of hearing loss in children with HIV and comorbidity with several biological and environmental factors indicate the need for: 1) familiar and professional awareness of the impact on auditory alteration on the developing and learning of the children withHIV, and 2) access to educational plans and follow-up with multidisciplinary teams as early as possible to minimize the damage caused by auditory deficits.

RESUMO Introdução Os potenciais evocados auditivos são respostas elétricas que ocorrem nas vias auditivas centrais, resultantes de estimulação acústica. O uso de estímulos de fala para eliciar a resposta desses potenciais possibilita a compreensão de informações sobre codificação e decodificação da fala no sistema nervoso central. Objetivo Comparar o resultado do potencial evocado auditivo de latência longa com dois diferentes estímulos de fala. Métodos Participaram do estudo 30 escolares saudáveis, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 8 e 12 anos. Para os potenciais evocados auditivos, foram utilizados dois diferentes estímulos de fala para a discriminação auditiva: Teste 1 /ba/ x /da/ e Teste 2 /pa/ x /da/. Os estímulos foram aleatoriamente apresentados, sendo 20% raros e 80% frequentes. Os escolares participaram de uma tarefa auditiva ativa e disseram [da] para identificar os estímulos raros. A normalidade dos dados foi determinada utilizando o teste de Shapiro-Wilk. Para comparar a média com o Teste 1 e Teste 2, foi realizada a estimulação t de Student. Resultados Houve diferença significativa na latência P3 na orelha direita, amplitude P2 na orelha direita e amplitude P3 na orelha esquerda. Ocorreram valores mais longos com estímulo /ba/ x /da/. Conclusão As respostas dos potenciais evocados auditivos de latência longa variam em função do estímulo e do cuidado em sua análise, quando se utilizam estímulos de fala na avaliação.

ABSTRACT Introduction Auditory Evoked Potentials are electrical responses that occur in the central auditory pathways, resulting from acoustic stimulation. The use of speech stimuli to elicit the response of these potentials allows to understand information about speech coding and decoding in the central nervous system. Purpose To compare the Long Latency Auditory Evoked Potential of two different speech stimuli. Methods Thirty healthy school children of both genders, aged between 8 and 12 years, participated in the study. For the auditory evoked potentials, different speech stimuli were used for the auditory discrimination: Test 1 /ba/ x /da/ and Test 2 /pa/ x /da/. The stimuli were randomly presented: 20% infrequent and 80% frequent. The school children participated in an active auditory task and said [da] to identify the infrequent stimuli. The normality of the data was determined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. To compare the mean with Test 1 and Test 2, stimulation was performed using Student t test. Results There was a significant difference in P3 latency in the right ear, P2 amplitude in the right ear and P3 amplitude in the left ear. Longer values occurred with stimulus /ba/ x /da/. Conclusion The responses of long latency auditory evoked potentials vary depending on the stimulus and care in the analysis when using speech stimuli in the evaluation.

RESUMO: Objetivo: descrever os achados dos exames eletrofisiológicos de indivíduos com gagueira e comparar com indivíduos com desenvolvimento típico. Métodos: participaram desta pesquisa 34 indivíduos, de ambos aos gêneros, com idade entre 7 e 31 anos. O grupo pesquisa foi constituído por 13 crianças (G1a) e 4 adultos (G1b) diagnosticadas com gagueira e o grupo controle por 13 crianças (G2a) com bom desempenho acadêmico e 4 adultos (G2b) com desenvolvimento típico. Foi realizada a avaliação dos potenciais auditivos, na varredura de frequência e de duração. Resultado: quando comparados os grupos de crianças gagas e controle, foi observado que as crianças gagas apresentaram na varredura de frequência, aumento da latência dos componentes P2, N2 em Cz na orelha direita e N2 e P3 em Fz na orelha esquerda, e diferença na amplitude de P2 e P3 em Cz na orelha direita. Na varredura de duração, houve redução da amplitude dos componentes N2 em Cz e P3 em Fz na orelha direita. Já no grupo de adultos gagos, observou-se na varredura de frequência, aumento da latência no componente P3 em Cz e Fz na orelha direita e amplitude reduzida no P3 em Cz na orelha esquerda, e na varredura de duração, aumento de latência de N2 e P3 em Cz na orelha direita e N2 em Cz na orelha esquerda, quando comparados ao grupo controle. Conclusão: há diferenças entre os exames eletrofisiológicos de indivíduos com gagueira comparados aqueles com desenvolvimento típico. No entanto, novos estudos neste âmbito ainda são necessários para que os achados aqui apresentados possam ser confirmados.

ABSTRACT: Purpose: to describe the findings of electrophysiological examinations of individuals who stutter and compare with typically developing individuals. Methods: 34 subjects participated in this study, both genders, aged between 7 and 31 years. The research group consisted of 13 children (G1a) and 4 adults (G1b) diagnosed with stuttering and the control group of 13 children (G2a) with good academic performance and 4 fluent adults (G2b). The auditory potentials assessment was performed on frequency and duration discrimination tests. Result: when compared groups of stuttering children and control group, it was observed that the stuttering children had the scan frequency, increased latencies of P2, N2 components at Cz in the right ear and N2 and P3 at Fz in the left ear, and the difference amplitude P2 and P3 in the right ear Cz. In the scan duration, decreased the amplitude of the N2 and P3 components in Cz Fz in the right ear. In the group of adult stutterers was observed in the frequency sweep, increased latency P3 component at Cz and Fz in the right ear and reduced P3 amplitude at Cz in the left ear, and scan duration, increased latency of N2 Cz and P3 in the right ear and N2 at Cz in the left ear, when compared to the control group. Conclusion: there are differences between the electrophysiological examinations of individuals who stutter compared with those with typical development. However, further studies in this area are still needed for the findings presented here can be confirmed.

Introduction Behavioral tests of auditory processing have been applied in schools and highlight the association between phonological awareness abilities and auditory processing, confirming that low performance on phonological awareness tests may be due to low performance on auditory processing tests. Objective To characterize the auditory middle latency response and the phonological awareness tests and to investigate correlations between responses in a group of children with learning disorders. Methods The study included 25 students with learning disabilities. Phonological awareness and auditory middle latency response were tested with electrodes placed on the left and right hemispheres. The correlation between the measurements was performed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Results There is some correlation between the tests, especially between the Pa component and syllabic awareness, where moderate negative correlation is observed. Conclusion In this study, when phonological awareness subtests were performed, specifically phonemic awareness, the students showed a low score for the age group, although for the objective examination, prolonged Pa latency in the contralateral via was observed. Negative weak tomoderate correlation for Pa wave latency was observed, as was positive weak correlation for Na-Pa amplitude.

INTRODUÇÃO: As avaliações comportamentais e eletrofisiológicas auditivas contribuem para o entendimento do sistema auditivo e do processo de intervenção.OBJETIVO: Estudar P300 em indivíduos com perda auditiva sensorioneural severa ou profunda.MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo transversal descritivo. Participaram 29 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 45 anos com perda auditiva sensorioneural, congênita severa ou profunda e sem comorbidades, avaliados por meio de avaliação audiológica comportamental e potencial evocado auditivo de longa latência.RESULTADOS: O registro da onda P3 foi obtido em 17 indivíduos, com latência e amplitude média de 326,97 ms e 3,76V, respectivamente. Houve diferenças significativas da medida de latência em relação à idade e da amplitude segundo o grau da perda auditiva. Evidenciou-se associação do resultado do P300 aos graus de perda auditiva (p = 0,04) e ao canal de comunicação auditiva predominante (p = 0,0001) e ao tempo de privação auditiva (teste exato de Fisher).CONCLUSÕES:P300 pode ser registrado em indivíduos com perda auditiva sensorioneural congênita e colaborar para a compreensão do desenvolvimento cortical auditivo e ser preditor do resultado da intervenção.

INTRODUCTION: Behavioral and electrophysiological auditory evaluations contribute to the understanding of the auditory system and of the process of intervention.OBJECTIVE: To study P300 in subjects with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss.METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional prospective study. It included 29 individuals of both genders with severe or profound sensorineural hearing loss without other type of disorders, aged 11 to 42 years; all were assessed by behavioral audiological evaluation and auditory evoked potentials.RESULTS: A recording of the P3 wave was obtained in 17 individuals, with a mean latency of 326.97 ms and mean amplitude of 3.76 V. There were significant differences in latency in relation to age and in amplitude according to degree of hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association of the P300 results with the degrees of hearing loss (p = 0.04), with the predominant auditory communication channels (p < 0.0001), and with time of hearing loss.CONCLUSIONS: P300 can be recorded in individuals with severe and profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss; it may contribute to the understanding of cortical development and is a good predictor of the early intervention outcome.

Objetivo descrever os achados das avaliações audiológicas comportamentais e eletrofisiológicas de pacientes com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro do autismo. Métodos estudo descritivo, de coorte contemporânea com corte transversal, composto por nove pacientes com diagnóstico de transtorno do espectro do autismo, submetidos a avaliação comportamental e eletrofisiológica da audição. Os resultados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados todos os pacientes avaliados apresentaram limiares audiométricos dentro dos padrões de normalidade. Oito pacientes apresentaram curva timpanométrica do tipo A, e um do tipo C. Observou-se emissões otoacústicas por produto de distorção presentes em todos os pacientes avaliados. Os resultados do potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico demonstraram integridade das vias auditiva. Conclusão a população estudada apresentou resultados compatíveis com a normalidade tanto na avaliação comportamental como na avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição. Pelo fato de não haver consenso, na literatura especializada, quanto aos achados audiológicos nesta população, principalmente no que se refere à avaliação eletrofisiológica do processamento auditivo, sugere-se a realização de novos estudos.

Purpose to describe the audiological and electrophysiological findings of a group of patients with autistic spectrum disorder. Methods this is a cross-sectional descriptive study. Nine patients with autistic spectrum disorder participated in these study and it was performed the audiological and electrophysiological evaluation. Results were expressed as descriptive statistics. Results all patients presented audiometric threshold within normal standards. Eight patients had type A tympanogram and one had type C. It was observed the presence of distortion product otoacoustic emission responses in all patients. The results of brainstem auditory evoked responses indicated the integrity of auditory pathways. Conclusion the population studied showed results consistent with normality in behavioral and electrophysiological assessment of hearing. Because there is no consensus, in specialty literature, regarding the audiological findings in this population, particularly with regard to electrophysiological assessment of auditory processing, we would like to suggest the performance of new studies.