ABSTRACT This review aims to provide current information about Q fever, elucidating the etiological, epidemiological, pathogenic, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic aspects of the disease for the medical community. We discuss the main forms of presentation of the agent, its ability to persist in the body, the infinite possibilities of susceptible hosts, the main known forms of transmission, its importance in populations at occupational risk, and the role of arthropods in the natural history of the disease. Focusing on Brazil, we present the cases already described and studies developed since its first report, and how there is still much to unravel. We are aware of the possibilities of the persistence of the agent and the development of severe clinical pictures and the specific treatments currently instituted. We also wish to raise awareness about the future, the new genotypes that are emerging, the need to study the effects of vaccines, and the impact of Q fever on the population. Q fever is a poorly understood disease in Latin America, and recent studies, especially in Brazil, have revealed the importance of developing new studies. etiological epidemiological pathogenic diagnostic therapeutic community body hosts transmission risk Brazil report unravel instituted future emerging vaccines population America

Cet article traite de l’importance de la variable race pour les contours de la ségrégation résidentielle au Brésil. Il existerait, on suppose, un modèle général de ségrégation caractérisé par l’articulation entre race et classe, c’est-à-dire qu’on ne peut pas le réduire à l’une ou l’autre de ces dimensions. Ce schéma devrait pourtant varier en fonction des contextes régionaux et locaux. Notre stratégie empirique consiste à classer la population en différents groupes de race et de classe en mesurant la ségrégation résidentielle au sein de chacun de ces groupes à l’aide de techniques largement utilisées. Les résultats indiquent que São Paulo et Salvador correspondent bien au modèle postulé, avec des différences raciales évidentes dans les lieux résidentiels. Fortaleza présente des niveaux de ségrégation raciale plus faibles et une prévalence de ségrégation par classe plus élevée. L’article encourage donc des recherches sur les aspects raciaux de la ségrégation et le développement des études comparatives. limportance l importance Brésil existerait suppose larticulation articulation cestàdire c est dire quon qu lune lautre autre dimensions locaux laide aide utilisées postulé résidentiels élevée Larticle L comparatives

This article deals with the importance of the race variable for the residential segregation contours in Brazilian cities. Our hypothesis is that there would be a general pattern of segregation characterized by the articulation between race and class, that is, we cannot reduce it to one of these dimensions or the other. However, this pattern should vary according to regional and local contexts. Our empirical strategy involved categorizing the population in different race and class groups and measuring residential segregation between each of these groups by widely used techniques. The results show that São Paulo and Salvador fit well into the postulated pattern, with evident racial differences in residential locations. Fortaleza, on the other hand, has lower levels of racial segregation and a higher prevalence of social class segregation. Thus, the article calls for further research on racial aspects of segregation and an expansion of comparative studies. cities However contexts techniques locations Fortaleza hand Thus studies

Este artigo trata da importância da variável raça para os contornos da segregação residencial em cidades brasileiras. Nossa hipótese é a de que haveria um padrão geral de segregação caracterizado pela articulação entre raça e classe, ou seja, não podemos reduzi-la a uma ou a outra dessas dimensões. Não obstante, esse padrão deve apresentar variações de acordo com contextos regionais e locais. Nossa estratégia empírica envolveu a categorização da população em diferentes grupos de raça e classe, e a mensuração da segregação residencial entre cada um desses grupos por meio de técnicas amplamente empregadas. Os resultados apontam que São Paulo e Salvador se enquadram bem no padrão postulado, com evidentes diferenciais raciais nas localizações residenciais. Já Fortaleza apresenta menores níveis de segregação racial e maior prevalência da segregação por classe social. O artigo enseja um maior aprofundamento da pesquisa sobre aspectos raciais da segregação e uma ampliação dos estudos comparativos. brasileiras seja reduzila reduzi la dimensões obstante locais empregadas postulado residenciais social comparativos

RESUMO Fungos do gênero Trichoderma são importantes promotores de crescimento vegetal, por aumentarem a eficiência na utilização de nutrientes e atuarem como agentes de biocontrole. Objetivou-se a seleção de isolados de Trichoderma spp. com potencial de solubilização de fosfato e sua aplicação como promotores de crescimento em interação com preparados homeopáticos, em tomateiro cereja. Dentre 16 isolados de Trichoderma spp. obtidos em solos de áreas de produção orgânica de tomateiro testados in vitro, em conjunto com um produto comercial (Trichodermil®), dois apresentaram produção de ácido indolacético e solubilização de fosfato. O Trichoderma “R” foi o isolado de maior índice de velocidade de crescimento micelial, com duas vezes mais esporos do que o produto comercial. Um experimento in vivo também foi conduzido em estufa, para verificar o potencial de isolados de Trichoderma spp. e preparados homeopáticos no crescimento de tomateiro cereja, utilizando-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com três isolados de Trichoderma e dois preparados homeopáticos (Phosphorus 6CH e Carbo vegetabilis 6CH) + tratamento sem homeopatia. Avaliou-se a área foliar e a massa seca das folhas e das raízes. Verificou-se que o isolado “R”, identificado como Trichoderma asperellum, foi eficiente na promoção de crescimento do tomateiro cereja, ao passo que os preparados homeopáticos aplicados não apresentaram efeito.

ABSTRACT Trichoderma fungi are considered relevant plant growth promoters for increasing the efficiency in the use of nutrients, as well as acting as biological control agents. This study aimed to select Trichoderma spp. isolates with potential for phosphate solubilization and their application as growth promoters in interaction with homeophatic preparations, in cherry tomato. Among 16 Trichoderma spp. isolates obtained from soils of organic tomato growing areas tested in vitro, together with a commercial product (Trichodermil®), two of them showed the ability for indole-3-acetic acid production and phosphate solubilization. The Trichoderma “R” had the highest mycelial growth speed index and presented twice as much spores than the commercial product. An in vivo experiment was also conducted in a greenhouse, in order to observe the potential of Trichoderma spp. isolates and homeophatic preparations on the cherry tomato growth promotion, using a randomized block experimental design, in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement, with three Trichoderma isolates and two homeopathic preparations (Phosphorus 6CH and Carbo vegetabilis 6CH) + treatment without homeopathic preparation. The leaf area and dry mass of leaves and roots were determined. It was possible to observe that the isolate “R”, identified as Trichoderma asperellum, was effective in the cherry tomato growth promotion, while the homeopathic preparations applied did not show any effect.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a passividade através da medição da tensão induzida e adaptação passiva em infra-estruturas parafusadas sobre pilares, confeccionadas por tecnologia CAD/CAM, e comparar estas amostras com peças fabricadas por fundição convencional. Usando a tecnologia de CAD/CAM, quatro amostras foram feitas em zircônia (ZirCAD) e quatro amostras foram fabricados em cobalto-cromo (CoCrcad). Os grupos controle foram quatro espécimes de cobalto-cromo, feitos por fundição em monobloco (CoCrci), totalizando 12 infra-estruturas. Para avaliar a adaptação passiva, a diferença vertical entre a infraestrutura e o pilar protético foi medido em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (250 ×) quando apenas um parafuso foi apertado. A tensão média nestas infraestruturas foi analisada através do teste de fotoelasticidade. Foi observada uma diferença significativa na passividade entre os grupos controle e demais amostras. CoCrcad exibiu melhor valor de adaptação passiva (48,76±13,45 mm) e CoCrci o pior (187,55±103,63 mm), Zircad apresentou um valor intermediário (103,81±43,15 µm). Quando comparado com os outros grupos, CoCrci apresentou a maior tensão média ao redor dos implantes (17,19±7,22 kPa). Concluiu-se que a tecnologia CAD/CAM exibiu maior passividade em comparação com as infraestruturas confeccionadas pela técnica convencional. Infraestruturas confeccionadas em Co-Cr através do CAD/CAM apresentaram maior adaptação passiva em comparação com as amostras confeccionadas por CAD/CAM em zircônia. Entretanto, níveis de estresse similares foram obtidos para as estruturas fabricadas por CAD/CAM.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the passivity by measuring the passive fit and strain development of frameworks screwed on abutments, made by CAD/CAM technology, and to compare these parts with samples manufactured by conventional casting. Using CAD/CAM technology, four samples were made from zirconia (Zircad) and four samples were manufactured from cobalt-chrome (CoCrcad). The control groups were four specimens of cobalt-chrome, made by one-piece casting (CoCrci), with a total of 12 frameworks. To evaluate the passive fit, the vertical misfit at the abutment-framework interface was measured with scanning electron microscopy (250×) when only one screw was tightened. The mean strain in these frameworks was analyzed by photoelasticity test. A significant difference in the passive fit was observed between the control and sample groups. CoCrcad exhibited the best value of passive fit (48.76±13.45 µm) and CoCrci the worst (187.55±103.63 µm); Zircad presented an intermediate value (103.81±43.15 µm). When compared to the other groups, CoCrci showed the highest average stress around the implants (17.19±7.22 kPa). It was concluded that CAD/CAM-fabricated frameworks exhibited better passivity compared with conventionally fabricated frameworks. CAD/CAM-fabricated Co-Cr frameworks may exhibit better passive fit compared with CAD/CAM-fabricated zirconia frameworks. Even so, similar levels of stress were achieved for CAD/CAM-fabricated frameworks.

'Bordô' grapevines (Vitis labrusca) have great relevance to viticulture due to the quality they can impart to wines and juices. However, this cultivar has high variation in yield, ranging from 6 to 11 t ha-1. The use of clones with superior genetic potential related to scions currently marketed may increase crop profitability and revitalize its cultivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomical responses of twelve clones of the Bordô cultivar selected over a period of 15 years according to yield and quality. The vineyard was planted in 2008. Grape plants were grafted onto '1103 Paulsen' rootstock and trained on vertical shoot positioning. The agronomical evaluations, performed in the 2011, 2012 and 2013 seasons, covered the duration of their phenological cycles, shoot growth, yield per plant, estimated total yield and physicochemical characteristics. Differences were found between clones in terms of phenology, yield components, and berry composition. Clone 6 had the lowest yield, averaging 5.0 t ha-1 whereas clone 13 was the most productive with 14.9 t ha-1. Based on the most productive vineyards in the region (10.8 t ha-1), the adoption of more productive clones can generate an increase in yield of around 38 %.