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Resumo O aumento da modificação dos habitats e da perda de espécies demanda esforços consistentes para descrever e compreender os padrões de biodiversidade. O programa BIOTA/FAPESP foi criado nesse contexto e é uma iniciativa de sucesso para promover estudos em biodiversidade e conservação no Brasil. O BIOTA/Araçá é um projeto interdisciplinar que promoveu uma avaliação detalhada da biodiversidade da Baía do Araçá, um ecossistema costeiro localizado ao Norte do estado de São Paulo, Sudeste do Brasil. A baía engloba múltiplos habitats, tais como praias, manguezais, costões rochosos, e uma planície de maré, e também fornece importantes serviços ecossistêmicos. Infelizmente, a baía está sujeita à conflitos sócio-ambientais complexos que contrastam demandas econômicas, sociais e ambientais (i.e. a expansão das atividades do porto vizinho vs. a pesca artesanal de pequena escala e a proteção da biodiversidade). O presente estudo apresenta um levantamento das espécies bentônicas que ocorrem nos diferentes habitats da Baía do Araçá, incluindo dados obtidos durante o projeto BIOTA/Araçá e de investigações realizadas anteriormente na área. As espécies bentônicas desempenham um papel importante no ambiente marinho, e estudar a diversidade desses organismos que vivem associados ao fundo é indispensável para compreender o funcionamento do meio ambiente. A macrofauna, meiofauna, e microorganismos associados aos fundos consolidado e inconsolidado foram listados, e informações adicionais foram fornecidas para cada espécie, tais como a distribuição geográfica e nos habitats. O checklist inclui 826 espécies, quase 70% registradas durante o projeto BIOTA/Araçá. Os taxa mais especiosos foram os anelídeos (225 spp.), moluscos (194 spp.), e crustáceos (177 spp.). Entre as espécies bentônicas listadas, sete são endêmicas da Baía do Araçá, 14 são consideradas ameaçadas de extinção, e sete são exploradas economicamente. A baía é a localidade tipo de vários taxa, e 11 novas espécies bentônicas foram descritas com base em espécimes amostrados durante o projeto. Este projeto mostra a importância da Baía do Araçá como um ambiente de riqueza biológica única e demonstra a necessidade de esforços para a sua conservação considerando as atuais ameaças. BIOTAFAPESP BIOTA FAPESP Brasil BIOTAAraçá Paulo praias manguezais rochosos maré ecossistêmicos Infelizmente sócioambientais sócio econômicas i.e. ie i (i.e vs . biodiversidade) área marinho macrofauna meiofauna listados espécie 82 70 225 (22 spp., spp spp. , spp.) 194 (19 177 (17 spp.. listadas 1 extinção economicamente ameaças i.e 8 7 22 (2 19 (1 17 2 (

Abstract Increasing habitat modification and species loss demand consistent efforts to describe and understand biodiversity patterns. The BIOTA/FAPESP Program was created in this context and it has been a successful initiative to promote studies on biodiversity and conservation in Brazil. The BIOTA/Araçá is an interdisciplinary project that provided a detailed evaluation of the biodiversity of Araçá Bay, a coastal seascape located on the North coast of the state of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil. The bay encompasses multiple habitats, such as beaches, mangroves, rocky shores, and a tidal flat, and provides important ecosystem services. Unfortunately, the bay is the subject of complex social-environmental conflicts that oppose economic, social, and environmental demands (i.e., the expansion of neighboring harbor activities vs. small-scale artisanal fisheries and protection of biodiversity). The present study presents a survey of the benthic species occurring in the different habitats of Araçá Bay, including data obtained during the BIOTA/Araçá project and previous assessments of the area. The benthic species play an important role in marine environments and studying the diversity of these organisms that live associated with the bottom is indispensable for comprehending the environment’s functioning. The macrofauna, meiofauna, and microorganisms associated with soft and hard bottom were listed, and additional information, such as the habitat and geographical distribution, were provided for each species. The checklist includes 826 species, almost 70% recorded during the BIOTA/Araçá project. The most speciose taxa were the annelids (225 spp.), mollusks (194 spp.), and crustaceans (177 spp.). Seven benthic species are endemic to Araçá Bay, 14 are considered threatened, and seven are economically exploited. Furthermore, the bay is the type locality of many taxa, and 11 new benthic species were described based on specimens sampled during the project. This project shows the importance of Araçá Bay as a unique biologically rich environment and highlights the need for conservation efforts in light of the current threats. patterns BIOTAFAPESP BIOTA FAPESP Brazil BIOTAAraçá Paulo beaches mangroves shores flat services Unfortunately socialenvironmental social economic i.e., ie i e (i.e. vs smallscale small scale biodiversity. . biodiversity) area s functioning macrofauna meiofauna listed information distribution 82 70 225 (22 spp., spp spp. , spp.) 194 (19 177 (17 spp.. 1 threatened exploited Furthermore threats i.e. (i.e 8 7 22 (2 19 (1 17 i.e 2 (

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1583

Advances and perspectives on the application of essential oils in food packaging films, coatings, and nanoencapsulated materials films coatings
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Cesca, Rafaela Silva

; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano

; Paz, Marcelo Fossa da

; Cortez-Vega, William Renzo

Bragantia

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2024, Volume 83 elocation e20230132

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Natural additives, particularly essential oils, have gained widespread recognition for their role in enhancing the attributes of natural edible polymers. Comprising a wealth of hydrophobic and volatile compounds, essential oils exhibit notable antioxidant and antimicrobial properties owing to their rich composition of terpenes and aromatic constituents. This review underscores the multifaceted biological properties of essential oils, encompassing their incorporation into films, edible coatings, and nanoencapsulated materials. The effect of utilizing several essential oils as natural additives in combination with different raw materials and plasticizers was compared to the evaluation of their impact on the material properties of films and edible coatings, offering an in-depth analysis of the specific essential oil variants featured in the recent literature. Among the essential oils reviewed, those derived from clove, cinnamon, and oregano emerge as the predominant choices, representing some of the most promising natural additives for biodegradable packaging. Nanoencapsulation techniques have also expanded the role of essential oils in sustainable food packaging by increasing their stability. polymers compounds constituents coatings indepth depth literature reviewed clove cinnamon choices stability

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20230132

Characterization of fillets of Amazon and real hybrid sorubins
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Cavenaghi-Altemio, Angela Dulce

; Macedo, Adriane

; Chaves, Andressa Piccoli

; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano

Vitae

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apr 2023, Volume 30 N. 1 elocation 349015

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Many fish hybrids (i.e., obtained by crossing two species) are produced rather than pure species because of their better growth rate and/or acceptance of formulated feed. However, few studies evaluate and compare their meats and acceptance, including, e.g., for the Amazon hybrid sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x Leiarius marmoratus) and the real hybrid sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans x L. marmoratus). Objective: Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of fillets from the Amazon and real hybrid sorubins. Method: Proximate composition, instrumental color, water holding capacity, cooking losses, and shear force were measured. Microbiological analyses of the fillets were carried out for Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus to ensure food safety during sensory analysis. Results: Fillets presented excellent quality, classified in category A (lipids below 5% and proteins between 15 and 20%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the evaluated fillets for several parameters: the average water holding capacities were 33.72 and 34.67%, the cooking losses were 14.93 and 13.41%, the shear forces were 2.21 and 1.74 kgf, and the luminosities were 49.61 and 45.04 for the fillets of Amazonian hybrid sorubim and real hybrid sorubim, respectively. Discussion: There was an evident relationship between water-holding capacities and shear forces. Amazonian hybrid sorubim fillets presented lower intensity of red. However, there was no sensory difference between the hybrids, and both had an acceptance rate above 80%. Conclusion: The hybridization does not alter the characteristics of the fish fillets.

Resumen Antecedentes: Muchos híbridos de peces (i.e., obtenidos al cruzar dos especies) se producen en lugar de especies puras debido a su mejor tasa de crecimiento y/o aceptación de alimentos formulados. Sin embargo, pocos estudios evalúan y comparan sus carnes y aceptación, incluyendo, p. ej., para lo surubí híbrido amazónico (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x Leiarius marmoratus) y lo surubí híbrido real (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans x L. marmoratus). Objetivo: Así, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las características físicas, químicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales de filetes sorubines híbridos amazónico y real. Método: Se midió composición proximal, color instrumental, capacidad de retención de agua, pierdas por cocción y fuerza de corte. Se realizaron análisis microbiológicos de los filetes para Salmonella sp. y Staphylococcus aureus para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria durante el análisis sensorial. Resultados: Los filetes presentaron una excelente calidad, siendo clasificados en la categoría A (lípidos por debajo del 5% y proteínas entre 15 y 20%). No hubo diferencia significativa (p>0.05) entre los filetes evaluados para varios parámetros: las capacidades de retención de agua fueron 33.72 y 34.67%, las pierdas por cocción fueron 14.93 y 13.41%, las fuerzas de corte fueron 2.21 y 1.74 kgf y las luminosidades fueron 49.61 y 45.04 para los filetes de sorubim híbrido amazónico y sorubim híbrido real, respectivamente. Discusión: Hubo una relación evidente entre las capacidades de retención de agua y las fuerzas de corte. Los filetes de sorubim híbridos amazónicos presentaron menor intensidad de rojo. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencia sensorial entre los híbridos, y ambos tuvieron una tasa de aceptación superior al 80%. Conclusión: La hibridación no altera las características de los filetes de pescado.

https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.vitae.v30n1a349015

Sedimentary organic matter accumulation provinces in the Santos Basin, SW Atlantic: insights from multiple bulk proxies Basin Atlantic
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Carreira, Renato S.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Rozo, Laura

; Martins, Dayanne

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Vieira, Danilo C.

; Massone, Carlos G.

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23030

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The organic matter (OM) of surface sediments (0–2 cm) from the Santos Basin was characterized by employing elemental (C, N, P), isotopic (δ 13C and δ 15N), biochemical (total carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), and pigment (chlorophyll-a and phaeopigments) proxies, as part of the Santos Project – The Santos Basin Regional Environmental Characterization (PCR-BS) – coordinated by PETROBRAS. Samples were collected in a regional scale throughout the entire basin, including 11 isobaths from eight cross-margin transects ranging from 25 to 2,400 m water depths, and 12 additional samples obtained from the São Paulo Plateau. The aims of this study were two-fold, namely, to identify the major oceanographic and depositional processes driving OM transport and accumulation and to provide information on OM origin and availability to benthic secondary producers. The multiple employed proxies and the use of machine learning allowed to categorize distinct OM accumulation provinces displaying two major regional features: shallow sediments (< 50-m isobaths) are OM-poor (TOC < 2.0 mg g -1) but the available amount is readily hydrolysable, and mid-shelf deposits (75-m and 100-m isobaths) throughout the entire basin present muddy and OM-rich sediments (TOC ranging from 7.0 to 14.0 mg g-1) seemingly available to heterotrophs. Similarly, relatively OM-rich deposits are found at depths ranging from 700 to 1,300-m isobaths throughout the basin, but their composition and nutritional value (as suggested by biochemical indicators) are not related to mid-shelf deposits. The general overview of OM accumulation and composition provided herein validated the selected organic geochemical proxies for benthic ecology studies at the shelf and deep ocean sectors of the studied region. (OM 0–2 02 0 2 (0– cm C, C (C N P, P , P) 15N, 15N 15N) total carbohydrates proteins lipids, lipids lipids) chlorophylla chlorophyll phaeopigments PCRBS PCR BS (PCR-BS PETROBRAS 1 crossmargin cross margin 2400 400 2,40 Plateau twofold, twofold fold, fold two-fold namely producers features ( 50m 50 OMpoor poor TOC 20 2. -1 hydrolysable midshelf mid 75m 75 100m 100 OMrich rich 70 7 7. 140 14 14. g1 g-1 heterotrophs Similarly 1,300m 1300m 1,300 300 indicators region 0– (0 240 40 2,4 5 - 10 g- 300m 1300 1,30 30 24 4 2, 130 1,3 3 13 1,

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22061rsc

Overcoming the challenges of data integration in ecosystem studies with machine learning workflows: an example from the Santos project workflows
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Fonseca, Gustavo

; Vieira, Danilo Candido

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Integrating intricate environmental data within a unified analytical framework for extensive conservation and monitoring initiatives encounters several challenges. These challenges encompass defining a conceptual model outlining cause-and-effect relationships, addressing dissimilarities in data source quantity and information content, grappling with missing or noisy data, fine-tuning model optimization, achieving accurate predictions, and tackling the issue of imbalanced observations across factors. In the context of the Santos project, dedicated to comprehending the spatio-temporal dynamics of benthic, pelagic, and physical systems for the facilitation of conservation and monitoring programs, the application of machine learning’s random forest (RF) technique for modeling univariate data offers notable advantages. This approach adeptly handles non-linearity, covariation, and interactive effects among predictors. For modeling multivariate data sets, a hybrid strategy combining a self-organizing map (SOM) and RF is harnessed to effectively tackle the challenges. Addressing missing values, the bagging imputation technique demonstrated superior performance compared to other methods. Both machine learning techniques discussed herein exhibit resilience against the impact of noisy data, yet the identification of noisy data remains feasible based on model outputs. In scenarios of imbalanced data sets, we investigate the correlation between the RF model’s overall statistics and those of individual classes. The joint interpretation of these statistics aids in comprehending model limitations and facilitates discussions on the environmental mechanisms shaping observed patterns. We propose two analytical workflows that not only enable the exploration and enhancement of model accuracy but also facilitate the investigation of potential cause-and-effect relationships inherent in the data. Furthermore, these workflows lay the foundation for implementing long-term learning algorithms, a pivotal increment for monitoring initiatives. Notably, these workflows, alongside the discussed analytical challenges, can be seamlessly implemented within iMESc, an open-source application. causeandeffect cause effect content finetuning fine tuning optimization predictions factors project spatiotemporal spatio temporal benthic pelagic programs learnings s (RF advantages nonlinearity, nonlinearity non linearity, linearity non-linearity covariation predictors sets selforganizing self organizing SOM (SOM values methods outputs models classes patterns Furthermore longterm long term algorithms Notably iMESc opensource open

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22044gf

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. (SB Brazil However programs SANSED cruise SANAGU 356 (35 201 2021/2022. 20212022 2021/2022 . 2021 2022 2021/2022) ecology biogeochemistry masses patterns geomorphology sedimentology chemistry board approaches analyses GOMEXtype GOMEX type 0.25 025 0 (0.2 m² 0.75 075 75 (0.7 10 240 depth station physicochemical physico chemical micro, micro , micro- meio, meio meio- system 6 community pico macroplankton vertical horizontal 20, 20 (20 200 50 size, size) CTDrosette CTD rosette sampler PCRBS PCR BS (PCR-BS IBAMA Development 35 (3 2021202 2021/202 202 0.2 02 (0. 0.7 07 7 1 (2 5 3 ( 202120 2021/20 0. (0 20212 2021/2 2021/

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Catalytic properties of amylases produced by Cunninghamella echinulata and Rhizopus microsporus
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CAVALHEIRO, GABRIELA F.

; COSTA, ANA CAROLINA DA

; GARBIN, ANDREZA DE PAULA

; SILVA, GEISA A. DA

; GARCIA, NAYARA FERNANDA L.

; PAZ, MARCELO F. DA

; FONSECA, GUSTAVO G.

; LEITE, RODRIGO S.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 3 elocation e20230187

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present work aimed to characterize and compare the catalytic properties of amylases from Cunninghamella echinulata and Rhizopus microsporus. The highest production of amylase by C. echinulata, 234.94 U g-1 of dry substrate (or 23.49 U mL-1), was obtained using wheat bran as a substrate, with 50–55% initial moisture and kept at 28 °C for 48 h. The highest production of amylases by R. microsporus, 224.85 U g-1 of dry substrate (or 22.48 U mL-1), was obtained cultivating wheat bran with 65% initial moisture at 45 °C for 24 h. The optimal activity of the amylases was observed at pH 5.0 at 60 °C for C. echinulata enzymes and at pH 4.5 at 65 °C for R. microsporus. The amylases produced by C. echinulata were stable at pH 4.0–8.0, while the R. microsporus enzymes were stable at pH 4.0–10.0. The amylases produced by C. echinulata remained stable for 1 h at 50 °C and the R. microsporus amylases maintained catalytic activity for 1 h at 55 °C. The enzymatic extracts of both fungi hydrolyzed starches from different plant sources and showed potential for liquefaction of starch, however the amylolytic complex of C. echinulata exhibited greater saccharifying potential. C 23494 234 94 234.9 g1 g g- or 2349 23 49 23.4 mL1, mL1 mL , mL-1) 5055 50–55 2 4 R 22485 224 85 224.8 2248 22 22.4 5 0 5. 6 4. 4080 8 4.0–8.0 40100 10 4.0–10.0 starch 9 234. 23. mL-1 505 50–5 224. 22. 408 4.0–8. 4010 4.0–10. mL- 50– 40 4.0–8 401 4.0–10 4.0– 4.0–1 4.0

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230187

Predicting large-scale spatial patterns of marine meiofauna: implications for environmental monitoring largescale large scale meiofauna
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Gallucci, Fabiane

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Vieira, Danilo C

; Yaginuma, Luciana Erika

; Gheller, Paula Foltran

; Brito, Simone

; Corbisier, Thais Navajas

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23037

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aims model the distribution of meiofauna indicators in relation to environmental variables from the Santos Basin continental margin, SE Brazil, using machine learning techniques, to provide baseline information and foster future monitoring programs. A total of 100 sampling stations were distributed in eight transects and 11 isobaths (25 to 2,400 m) perpendicular to the coast. In each station, three replicates were sampled for meiofauna and 38 environmental parameters. A total of 28 meiofauna taxa were found, with a mean richness varying from 3 to 15 taxa per station. Meiofauna mean density varied between 55 and 2,001 ind. 10 cm-2. Density of meiofauna and its most frequent taxa (Nematoda, Copepoda, Kinorhyncha, and Polychaeta), and taxa richness were used as descriptors for the models. Meiofauna and nematode density showed the highest training and testing accuracies, with R² values above 0.74. Based on the distribution of meiofauna descriptors and their responses to environmental conditions, we suggest a mosaic of six benthic zones. The La Plata Plume zone and the Cabo Frio Upwelling zone are two of the most diverse and productive zones in the continental shelf, wich are separated by the less productive Central Continental Shelf zone. A fourth zone, with very low meiofauna densities, corresponds to the carbonated sediments of the shelf-break. The Upper and Mid-Slope is a narrow zone along the entire basin, with intermediate densities and small amounts of high-quality organic carbon. The largest, impoverished zone, the Lower Slope and Plateau comprises the deepest areas and the São Paulo Plateau. The study showed that, although some zones can be recognized by most meiofauna descriptors, others are better characterized by specific ones, implying that meiofauna indicators should be monitored concomitantly. We recommend the optimization of sampling design based on our model to reduce costs and increase our understanding of the system. margin Brazil techniques programs 1 25 (2 2400 2 400 2,40 m coast station parameters found 5 2001 001 2,00 ind cm2. cm2 cm 2. cm-2 Nematoda, Nematoda (Nematoda Copepoda Kinorhyncha Polychaeta, Polychaeta , Polychaeta) models accuracies R 074 0 74 0.74 conditions shelf shelfbreak. shelfbreak break. break shelf-break MidSlope Mid basin highquality high quality carbon largest ones concomitantly system ( 240 40 2,4 200 00 2,0 cm- 07 7 0.7 24 4 2, 20 0.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22070fg

Subsidies for ecosystem-based management in an offshore oil and gas exploration area, Santos Basin, Brazil ecosystembased ecosystem based area Basin
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Fonseca, Gustavo

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Sousa, Silvia H. M.

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23061

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.23194gf

10.

Investigation of Residual Stresses within a Friction Welded Steel Pipeline by the Contour and X-ray Diffraction Methods
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Diehl, Igor Luis

; Fonseca, Gustavo Cordenonsi da

; Clarke, Thomas Gabriel Rosauro

Materials Research

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e20210583

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Residual stresses (RS) in pipes welded by a fully automated friction welding process, called FRIEX, are investigated using the contour method (CM) and the X-ray diffraction method (XRD). Samples were produced using a self-developed equipment, which is based on the interaction between a consumable intermediate rotary ring and two stationary pipe sections, by varying the loading rate applied during the welding of API 5L B pipes with an API X65 ring. Mechanical and metallurgical properties were locally analyzed through metallography and microflat tensile tests. RS measured by XRD and CM showed comparable values; tensile zones were found in the pipe HAZ and compressive stresses were found in its adjacent areas. Tensile RS of approximately half the local yield strength of the components were also found, mostly on the internal surface, and their values decrease with increasing welding loads. Microflat tensile tests showed an increase in yield strength of pipe TMAZ and HAZ, with a clear influence of loading rates.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0583

11.

β-glucosidase from thermophilic fungus Thermoascus crustaceus: production and industrial potential
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GARBIN, ANDREZA P.

; GARCIA, NAYARA F.L.

; CAVALHEIRO, GABRIELA F.

; SILVESTRE, MARIA ALICE

; RODRIGUES, ANDRÉ

; PAZ, MARCELO F. DA

; FONSECA, GUSTAVO G.

; LEITE, RODRIGO S.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 1 elocation e20191349

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Microbial β-glucosidases can be used in several industrial processes, including production of biofuels, functional foods, juices, and beverages. In the present work, production of β-glucosidase by solid state cultivation of the fungus Thermoascus crustaceus in a low-cost cultivation medium (comprising agroindustrial residues) was evaluated. The highest production of β-glucosidase, about 415.1 U/g substrate (or 41.51 U/mL), was obtained by cultivating the fungus in wheat bran with 70% humidity, during 96 h at 40°C. The enzymatic activity was optimum at pH 4.5 and 65°C. β-Glucosidase maintained its catalytic activity when incubated at a pH range of 4.0-8.0 and temperature of 30-55°C. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by glucose; even when the substrate and glucose concentrations were equal, the inhibition was not reversed, suggesting a non-competitive inhibition. In the presence of up to 10% ethanol, β-glucosidase maintained its catalytic activity. In addition to β-glucosidase, the enzymatic extract showed activity of 36 U/g for endoglucanase, 256.2 U/g for xylanase, and 18.2 U/g for β-xylosidase. The results allow to conclude that the fungus T. crustaceus has considerable potential for production of β-glucosidase and xylanase when cultivated in agroindustrial residues, thereby reducing the cost of these biocatalysts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191349 566 downloads

12.

Growth of Burkholderia sacchari LFM 101 cultivated in glucose, sucrose and glycerol at different temperatures
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Nascimento, Valkirea Matos

; Silva, Luiziana Ferreira

; Gomez, José Gregório Cabrera

; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano

Scientia Agricola

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oct 2016, Volume 73 N. 5 Pages 429 - 433

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have attracted major industrial interest as alternatives to conventional plastics. They are produced by several bacteria as cytoplasmic inclusions when nutrients are in limited supply. Among the many factors influencing bacterial growth, the effect of temperature on both specific growth rates and growth yields in terms of carbon source intake is of considerable interest. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the bacterium Burkholderia sacchari LFM 101 on growth and PHA production, using glucose, sucrose or glycerol as a carbon source, at 30 and 35 °C. The results showed that B. sacchari cultured with glucose at 35 °C presented both higher productivity and polymer yield in dried cell mass. There were no differences in growth rates (μmax) in sucrose and glucose. The growth conditions studied were not favorable to glycerol consumption due to limitations in the energy supply from glycerol.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0196 2060 downloads

13.

Alkali process for chitin extraction and chitosan production from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scales
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Boarin-Alcalde, Ligia

; Graciano-Fonseca, Gustavo

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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sep 2016, Volume 44 N. 4 Pages 683 - 688

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Chitosan is a biopolymer of wide application due to its characteristics and non-toxicity, presenting antimicrobial, antitumoral and cicatrizing activities. It is currently used as emulsifier, metal’s chelating, edible biofilm and fat reducer. The variation in the deacetylation degree of this polymer gives differentiated functional properties. It is mainly obtained from crustaceans, but fish scales are also a potential source of this product, despite neglected so far. The aim of this study was to develop a method for chitin extraction and deacetylation for chitosan obtaining from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) scales. Characterization showed that chitosan was completely purified. The chitin infrared spectrum presented a characteristic larger band in the region of 3,500 cm-1, due to axial stretching vibrations of the OH group been completely purified, which disappeared in the chitin spectrum. However, a new band aroused at 1,640 cm-1 due to the NH2 deformation, which predominated over the band at 1,655 cm-1, associated to the carbonyl (C=O) that tends to decrease, as the degree of deacetylation of chitosan increases. All bands observed were similar to those described in the literature. Although the yields were lower than the averages usually reported for crustaceans, they can be improved to obtain higher yields and deacetylation.

El quitosano es un biopolímero de amplia aplicación debido a sus características y no toxicidad, presentando actividad antimicrobiana, antitumoral y cicatrizante. Actualmente se utiliza como emulsionante, quelante de metales, biopelícula comestible y reductor de grasas. La variación en el grado de desacetilación de este polímero ofrece diferentes propiedades funcionales. Se obtiene principalmente de crustáceos, pero las escamas de pescado también son una fuente potencial de este producto, proceso descuidado hasta ahora. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un método para la extracción de quitina y desacetilación de quitosano a partir de escamas de tilapia del Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Esta caracterización mostró que el quitosano fue completamente purificado. El espectro infrarrojo de la quitina presentó una ancha banda característica en la región de 3,500 cm-1, debido a vibraciones del estiramiento axial del grupo OH que ha sido completamente purificado, que desapareció en el espectro de la quitina. Sin embargo, se observó una nueva banda a 1,640 cm-1 causada por la deformación de NH2 que predominó sobre la banda de 1,655 cm-1, asociada al carbonilo (C=O) que tiende a disminuir y al aumento del grado de desacetilación del quitosano. Todas las bandas observadas fueron similares a las descritas en la literatura. Aunque los rendimientos fueron menores que los promedios reportados generalmente para crustáceos, ellos se pueden mejorar para obtener mayores rendimientos y desacetilación.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol44-issue4-fulltext-3 1620 downloads

14.

Production of β-glucosidase on solid-state fermentation by Lichtheimia ramosa in agroindustrial residues: Characterization and catalytic properties of the enzymatic extract
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Garcia, Nayara Fernanda Lisboa

; Santos, Flávia Regina da Silva

; Gonçalves, Fabiano Avelino

; Paz, Marcelo Fossa da

; Fonseca, Gustavo Graciano

; Leite, Rodrigo Simões Ribeiro

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

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jul 2015, Volume 18 N. 4 Pages 314 - 319

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Background β-Glucosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of cellobiose and cellodextrins, releasing glucose as the main product. This enzyme is used in the food, pharmaceutical, and biofuel industries. The aim of this work is to improve the β-glucosidase production by the fungus Lichtheimia ramosa by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using various agroindustrial residues and to evaluate the catalytic properties of this enzyme. Results A high production of β-glucosidase, about 274 U/g of dry substrate (or 27.4 U/mL), was obtained by cultivating the fungus on wheat bran with 65% of initial substrate moisture, at 96 h of incubation at 35°C. The enzymatic extract also exhibited carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), xylanase, and β-xylosidase activities. The optimal activity of β-glucosidase was observed at pH 5.5 and 65°C and was stable over a pH range of 3.5-10.5. The enzyme maintained its activity (about 98% residual activity) after 1 h at 55°C. The enzyme was subject to reversible competitive inhibition with glucose and showed high catalytic activity in solutions containing up to 10% of ethanol. Conclusions β-Glucosidase characteristics associated with its ability to hydrolyze cellobiose, underscore the utility of this enzyme in diverse industrial processes.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.05.007 1082 downloads

15.

Repercussões clínicas e radiológicas do neurofibroma plexiforme na região pélvica
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Slaibi, Érica Bertolace

; Daher, João Gabriel Lima

; Fonseca, Gustavo Guida Godinho da

; Daher, Carlos Magno

; Geller, Mauro

; Ribeiro, Márcia Gonçalves

Radiologia Brasileira

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oct 2014, Volume 47 N. 5 Pages 326 - 328

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Descrição de caso de neurofibroma plexiforme localizado na região pélvica comprometendo bexiga, próstata e coluna lombossacra, com evolução de três anos e seis meses. Diante de contraindicação de remoção cirúrgica, foi realizado acompanhamento clínico e radiológico semestral, sem constatação de crescimento tumoral. Na neurofibromatose tipo 1, as manifestações clínicas são diversas e a equipe médica deve estar atenta à investigação complementar e pode ser surpreendida por um achado raro. As massas pélvicas volumosas podem, eventualmente, corresponder a neurofibromas plexiformes, sendo útil a investigação de neurofibromatose caso o paciente ainda não tenha esse diagnóstico.

The authors report the case of a plexiform neurofibroma located in the pelvis, affecting the bladder, prostate and spine (lumbar/sacral), followed-up for three years and six months. Surgical removal was contraindicated and the patient underwent biannual clinical and radiological follow-up that did not demonstrate any tumor increase. The clinical manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 are variable, and the medical team should be attentive to further investigations, considering possible unexpected rare findings. Large pelvic masses may correspond to plexiform neurofibromas, so the diagnostic hypothesis of neurofibromatosis should be taken into consideration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2012.1648 3683 downloads

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