Abstract The objective of this work was to develop a chemical admixture to make concrete capable to heal its fissures autonomously and, consequently, mitigate the concrete’s reinforcement corrosion due to the ingress of aggressive agents. For that, polymeric microcapsules built by a shell of urea-formaldehyde-melamine (UFM) and a core of methylmethacrylate were developed and added to the concrete to further evaluation. The concrete specimens containing 0%, 3% and 6% of the proposed microcapsules (mass of microcapsules / mass of cement) were subjected to destructive and non-destructive tests. The water absorption and the mechanical tests i.e., compressive strength and indirect tensile strength (Brazilian test) were carried out to characterize concrete, while the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests were conducted to evaluate the concrete self-healing ability. These tests showed that the proposed admixture was able to heal the concrete’s fissures partially. In addition, it was concluded that the samples with 3% of microcapsules presented higher self-repairing rates. Despite the microcapsules developed in this work have presented a satisfactory self-healing efficiency, their effectiveness looks to be affected by the mixing procedure once part of them is broken during the process. consequently concretes s agents ureaformaldehydemelamine urea formaldehyde melamine UFM (UFM evaluation 0 0% 3 6 cement nondestructive non ie i e i.e. Brazilian test EIS (EIS UPV (UPV selfhealing self healing ability partially addition selfrepairing repairing rates efficiency process i.e

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um aditivo químico capaz de tornar o concreto auto reparável e, consequentemente, mitigar a corrosão da armadura em seu interior devido à entrada de agentes agressivos. Para isso, microcápsulas poliméricas compostas por uma casca de uréia-formaldeído-melamina (UFM) e um núcleo de metilmetacrilato foram desenvolvidas e adicionadas ao concreto para posterior avaliação. Os corpos de prova de concreto contendo 0%, 3% e 6% das microcápsulas propostas (massa de microcápsulas / massa de cimento) foram submetidos a ensaios destrutivos e não destrutivos. O ensaio de absorção de água e os mecânicos, ou seja, resistência à compressão e resistência à tração indireta (teste brasileiro) foram realizados para caracterizar o concreto, enquanto a espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica (EIS) e os ensaios não destrutivos de velocidade de pulso ultrassônico (UPV) foram conduzidos para investigar a ocorrência de autorreparação. Esses testes mostraram que o aditivo proposto foi capaz de cicatrizar as fissuras do concreto parcialmente. Além disso, analisando os dados coletados com o programa de testes, concluiu-se que as amostras com 3% de microcápsulas apresentaram maiores taxas de autorreparação. Apesar das microcápsulas desenvolvidas neste trabalho terem apresentado uma eficiência de autorreparação satisfatória, sua eficácia parece ser afetada pelo procedimento de mistura, uma vez que parte delas é quebrada durante o processo. consequentemente agressivos isso uréiaformaldeídomelamina uréia formaldeído melamina UFM (UFM avaliação 0 0% 3 6 cimento mecânicos seja teste brasileiro EIS (EIS UPV (UPV parcialmente disso concluiuse concluiu se satisfatória mistura processo

Abstract This study aimed to develop and validate a self-administered questionnaire in Brazilian Portuguese to verify the level of knowledge of orthodontists in the care of pregnant, lactating, and postmenopausal women, named “Considerations on Orthodontic Treatment during Pregnancy, Lactation, and Postmenopausal Periods.” The development and validation of the questionnaire consisted of the following steps: a) item generation; b) item reduction; c) questionnaire design; and d) validity and reliability tests in a cross-sectional study with 258 orthodontists working in the field from different Brazilian states. A total of 60 orthodontists participated in test-retest over a mean period of 45 days. The preliminary questionnaire consisted of a total of 60 questions. After item reduction, 40 questions were selected for the final version of the questionnaire, with eight questions about pregnant women; six about lactating women; 18 about postmenopausal women, and eight about general knowledge in dentistry. Each item had three response options in the Likert scale format. Face and content validity analysis, reliability assessment through internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega), and test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were performed. Face and content validity indicated that the questionnaire was considered valid, objective, and easily understandable. The questionnaire had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.77; McDonald’s omega = 0.78) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.71; Spearman’s correlation coefficient = 0.51). The questionnaire was considered valid and reliable to assess the level of knowledge of orthodontists in the care of pregnant, lactating, and postmenopausal women. selfadministered self administered women Considerations Pregnancy Lactation Periods. Periods steps generation b reduction c design d crosssectional cross sectional 25 states 6 testretest test retest 4 days 1 dentistry format analysis Cronbachs Cronbach s McDonalds McDonald omega, , omega) ICC Spearmans Spearman performed objective understandable 0.77 077 0 77 0.78 078 78 0.71 071 71 0.51. 051 0.51 . 51 0.51) 2 0.7 07 7 05 0.5 5 0.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate a 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH) protocol in reducing Candida spp. levels in complete dentures (CD) and palate and denture stomatitis (DS) remission. Material and Methods: Twelve CD wearers diagnosed with Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) had their initial situation (Candida spp. levels and DS score) recorded (baseline). Then, participants were instructed to soak dentures once a day (10 minutes) in 0.5% SH. Candida spp. levels and DS scores were reassessed after 15, 30, and 60 days of SH denture cleanness. Biofilms from the denture base and palate were seeded in CHROMagar Candida. After incubation, colony-forming units were calculated. The palate was photographed at each time point, and DS was assessed according to Newton's classification. Data of Candida spp. levels were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Holm-Sidak test, and DS scores data were accessed by Friedman's 2-way ANOVA by ranks (α=0.05). Results: 0.5% SH significantly reduced Candida spp. levels after treatment compared to baseline (p<0.001) for both sites. Although at baseline, Candida spp. counts were higher on the denture base (p<0.001), no significant differences were observed between the collected areas within the other time points (p<0.05). Also, 0.5% SH effectively reduced clinical signs of DS after treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: The protocol tested effectively decreased Candida spp. levels on the denture base and palatal mucosa and effectively reduced the signs of DS. Objective 05 0 5 0.5 (SH spp (CD (DS remission Methods Candidaassociated associated CADS (CADS score baseline. . (baseline) Then 10 (1 minutes 15 30 6 cleanness incubation colonyforming colony forming calculated point Newtons Newton s classification 2way way 2 HolmSidak Holm Sidak test Friedmans Friedman α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 (α=0.05) Results p<0.001 p0001 p 001 (p<0.001 sites p<0.001, , p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 (p<0.05) Also Conclusion 0. (baseline 1 ( 3 α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 α0 α=0. (α=0.0 (p<0.0 p0 p<0. α=0 (α=0. (p<0. p<0 α= (α=0 (p<0 p< (α= (p< (α (p

Resumo Objectives: to analyze the impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the Mother Owl Program of the VII Health Region of Pernambuco. Methods: descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, carried out at the VII Regional Health Management, in Salgueiro-PE. Data were collected from the Mother Owl Information System, from August to November 2021, being related to women and children registered from 2019 to March 2021. Adopting a time frame for before and during the pandemic, the Student’s t and chi-square tests in the analysis of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: data from 581 women and 412 children were analyzed. Before the pandemic, there was a higher average number of prenatal consultations (p<0.001) and greater completeness in the children’s race data (p<0.001). During the pandemic, there was a lower frequency of breastfeeding in the first hour of life (p<0.001) and of filling in the data regarding maternal education (p<0.001). In addition, no more than 7 childcare consultations were performed (p<0.001). Conclusions: the assistance of women and children was impacted, mainly with the drop in prenatal and childcare consultations, showing that COVID-19 had a negative impact on the health of people monitored by the Program and on the quality of information inserted in the system. Objectives COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Pernambuco Methods descriptive crosssectional cross sectional study Management SalgueiroPE. SalgueiroPE Salgueiro PE. PE Salgueiro-PE System 2021 201 Students Student s chisquare chi square variables respectively Results 58 41 analyzed p<0.001 p0001 p 0 001 (p<0.001 childrens p<0.001. . addition Conclusions impacted system COVID1 1 COVID- 202 20 5 4 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 2 p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 p<0. p0 (p<0. p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

Resumo Objetivos: analisar os impactos causados pela pandemia da COVID-19 no Programa Mãe Coruja da VII Região de Saúde de Pernambuco. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo, realizado na VII Gerência Regional de Saúde, em Salgueiro-PE. Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informação Mãe Coruja, no período de agosto a novembro de 2021, sendo relacionados às mulheres e crianças cadastradas de 2019 a março de 2021. Adotando-se um marco temporal para antes e durante a pandemia, foram utilizados os testes t de Student e qui-quadrado nas análises das variáveis contínuas e categóricas, respectivamente. Resultados: foram analisados os dados de 581 mulheres e 412 crianças. Antes da pandemia constatou-se maior média de consultas de pré-natal (p<0,001) e maior completude nos dados de raça das crianças (p<0,001). Durante a pandemia ocorreu menor frequência da amamentação na primeira hora de vida (p<0,001) e do preenchimento dos dados referentes à escolaridade materna (p<0,001). Assim como, não foram realizadas mais que sete consultas de puericultura (p<0,001). Conclusões: a assistência das mulheres e crianças foi impactada, principalmente com a queda de consultas do pré-natal e da puericultura, evidenciando que a COVID-19 repercutiu negativamente na saúde das pessoas acompanhadas pelo Programa e na qualidade das informações inseridas no sistema. Objetivos COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Pernambuco Métodos descritivo quantitativo SalgueiroPE. SalgueiroPE Salgueiro PE. PE Salgueiro-PE 2021 201 Adotandose Adotando se quiquadrado qui quadrado categóricas respectivamente Resultados 58 41 constatouse constatou prénatal pré natal p<0,001 p0001 p 0 001 (p<0,001 p<0,001. . como Conclusões impactada sistema COVID1 1 COVID- 202 20 5 4 p<0,00 p000 00 (p<0,00 2 p<0,0 p00 (p<0,0 p<0, p0 (p<0, p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bisphosphonates have an inhibitory impact on osteoclastic activity, reducing bone resorption. However, the influence of risedronate on tooth movement is not well-defined. Objective: This systematic review assessed the effect of risedronate intake on orthodontic tooth movement. A case report was also provided. Methods: Two independent reviewers searched six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Lilacs, Scopus, and Open Grey). The searches were carried out in April/2020, and an update was set in place in June/2023. Therefore, the searches considered a timeline from the databases’ inception date until June/2023, with no publication date and/or language restrictions. The clinical question focused on evaluating the orthodontic tooth movement and relapse movement (Outcome) in animals (Population) exposed to risedronate (Exposure), compared to control groups (Comparison). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were applied, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168581). The risk of bias was determined using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation protocol (SYRCLE). Results: Two studies in rats and one in guinea pigs were included in the systematic review. The studies reported a decrease in orthodontic tooth movement, a reduction in the relapse movement, and a reduced number of positive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) cells, with a significantly reduced number of bone gaps after the administration of risedronate in rats. A case report illustrated the effects of risedronate administration in one patient. Conclusion: Based on the systematic review, risedronate seems to impair orthodontic tooth movement and relapse due to a decrease in bone resorption cells. Introduction activity However welldefined. welldefined well defined. defined well-defined Objective provided Methods PubMed, PubMed (PubMed Science Ovid Lilacs Scopus Grey. Grey . Grey) April2020 April 2020 April/2020 June2023 June 2023 June/2023 Therefore andor or restrictions Outcome (Outcome Population (Population Exposure, Exposure , (Exposure) Comparison. Comparison (Comparison) MetaAnalysis Meta Analysis PRISMA (PRISMA applied CRD42020168581. CRD42020168581 CRD (CRD42020168581) SYRCLE. SYRCLE (SYRCLE) Results tartrateresistant tartrate resistant TRAP (TRAP cells patient Conclusion April202 202 April/202 June202 June/202 (Exposure (Comparison CRD4202016858 (CRD42020168581 (SYRCLE April20 20 April/20 June20 June/20 CRD420201685 (CRD4202016858 April2 2 April/2 June2 June/2 CRD42020168 (CRD420201685 April/ June/ CRD4202016 (CRD42020168 CRD420201 (CRD4202016 CRD42020 (CRD420201 CRD4202 (CRD42020 CRD420 (CRD4202 CRD42 (CRD420 CRD4 (CRD42 (CRD4 (CRD

RESUMO Introdução: Os bifosfonatos têm um impacto inibitório na atividade osteoclástica, reduzindo a reabsorção óssea. No entanto, a influência do risedronato no movimento dentário não está bem definida. Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática avaliou o efeito do uso de risedronato no movimento ortodôntico dos dentes. Um relato de caso também é apresentado. Métodos: Dois revisores independentes pesquisaram seis bases de dados (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, Lilacs, Scopus e Open Grey), considerando o período de abril de 2020 até junho de 2023, sem restrições de data e/ou idioma de publicação. A questão clínica focou em avaliar o movimento ortodôntico dos dentes e movimento de recidiva (resultado) em animais (população) expostos ao risedronato (exposição) em comparação com grupos de controle (comparação). Foram aplicadas as Diretrizes Preferenciais para Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise (PRISMA) e um protocolo foi registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42020168581). O risco de viés foi determinado utilizando o protocolo do Centro de Revisão Sistemática para Experimentação em Animais de Laboratório (SYRCLE). Resultados: Dois estudos em ratos e um em porquinhos-da-índia foram incluídos na revisão sistemática. Os estudos relataram uma diminuição no movimento ortodôntico dos dentes, uma redução no movimento de recidiva e um número reduzido de células positivas à fosfatase ácida tartarato-resistente (TRAP) com um número significativamente reduzido de falhas ósseas após a administração de risedronato em ratos. Um relato de caso ilustrou os efeitos da administração de risedronato em uma paciente. Conclusão: Com base na revisão sistemática, o risedronato parece interferir no movimento ortodôntico dos dentes e na recidiva devido a uma diminuição nas células de reabsorção óssea. Introdução osteoclástica óssea entanto definida Objetivo apresentado Métodos PubMed, PubMed (PubMed Science Ovid Lilacs Grey, Grey , Grey) 202 2023 eou ou publicação resultado (resultado população (população exposição (exposição comparação. . (comparação) PRISMA (PRISMA CRD42020168581. CRD42020168581 CRD (CRD42020168581) SYRCLE. SYRCLE (SYRCLE) Resultados porquinhosdaíndia porquinhos índia tartaratoresistente tartarato resistente TRAP (TRAP paciente Conclusão 20 (comparação CRD4202016858 (CRD42020168581 (SYRCLE 2 CRD420201685 (CRD4202016858 CRD42020168 (CRD420201685 CRD4202016 (CRD42020168 CRD420201 (CRD4202016 CRD42020 (CRD420201 CRD4202 (CRD42020 CRD420 (CRD4202 CRD42 (CRD420 CRD4 (CRD42 (CRD4 (CRD

Resumo Antecedentes: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a relação entre espessura muscular do quadríceps e desempenho funcional no teste sit-to-stand de 60s (STS-60s), no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M), e na força de preensão manual em pacientes não dialíticos com doença renal crônica (DRC) estágios 4 e 5. Métodos: Este foi um estudo transversal que avaliou 40 pacientes com DRC com idades entre 30-70 anos. Os participantes foram submetidos a uma avaliação que incluiu a espessura muscular do quadríceps avaliada por um ultrassom portátil. Os testes de desempenho funcional incluíram o STS-60s, a distância percorrida no TC6M e a força de preensão manual. Além disso, foram medidos a composição corporal, avaliada usando a análise de bioimpedância elétrica e o nível de atividade física por meio da versão curta do International Physical Activity. A regressão linear múltipla foi usada para investigar a relação entre a espessura do quadríceps e o desempenho funcional. Resultados: A espessura muscular do quadríceps foi correlacionada com o STS-60s (R2 = 43,6%; IC 95% = 0,022 - 0,665; β = 0,34; p = 0,037). Também foi encontrada uma correlação moderada entre esta espessura muscular e a massa muscular esquelética apendicular (MEA) em pacientes com DRC. (r = 0,603, p <0,001). Nenhuma relação foi encontrada entre a espessura muscular do quadríceps com o TC6M e a força de preensão manual. Conclusão: A espessura muscular do quadríceps está associada ao STS-60s, assim nossos resultados demonstram as repercussões da doença sobre o sistema músculo-esquelético.

Abstract Background: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between quadriceps muscle thickness and functional performance on the 60s sit-to-stand test (60s-STS), the six-minute walk test (6MWT), and handgrip strength in non-dialytic stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 40 CKD patients aged between 30-70 years. Participants were submitted to an assessment that included quadriceps muscle thickness evaluated by a portable ultrasound. Functional performance tests included the 60s-STS, distance walked in the 6MWT, and handgrip strength. Also, body composition evaluated using electrical bioimpedance analysis and physical activity level through the short version of International Physical Activity were measured. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between the quadriceps thickness and functional performance. Results: Quadriceps muscle thickness was correlated to 60s-STS (R2 = 43.6%; 95% CI = 0.022 - 0.665; β = 0.34; p = 0.037). Also, a moderate correlation between this muscle thickness and appendicular skeletal muscle (ALM) was found in CKD patients (r = 0.603, p <0.001). No relationship was found between quadriceps muscle thickness with the 6MWT and handgrip strength. Conclusion: Quadriceps muscle thickness is associated to 60s-STS, thus our results demonstrate the repercussions of the disease on the musculoskeletal system.

Resumo Tendo em vista o olhar ampliado de saúde proposto pelo SUS, a abordagem dada ao processo do adoecimento exigiu um prisma voltado à visão biopsicossocial, e não mais ao modelo biomédico, o que levou a um reordenamento na formação dos profissionais de saúde. Assim, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais foram instituídas norteando os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos rumo ao modelo biopsicossocial, de forma que a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde contribui para esse cenário por meio de sua abordagem multidimensional e não reducionista. Entretanto, historicamente, a fisioterapia tem forte influência do modelo biomédico, distanciando-a da atenção básica (AB). Este é um estudo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, com fonte de dados secundários obtidos por meio do Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde do Brasil, e cujo objetivo foi verificar, dentro de um intervalo de dez anos, em qual nível de assistência à saúde está concentrada a maior parte dos fisioterapeutas e sua representatividade na AB. Os achados indicaram que a AB representa o cenário minoritário dos postos de trabalho ocupados pelos fisioterapeutas, refletindo a hegemonia do modelo biomédico e reforçando o caráter reabilitador dado historicamente à profissão.

Abstract In view of the expanded view of health proposed by the Unified Health System (SUS), the approach given to the illness process required a prism focused on the biopsychosocial view and no longer on the biomedical model, which led to a reorganization in the training of health professionals. Thus, the National Curriculum Guidelines were established guiding the pedagogical projects of the courses towards the biopsychosocial model, so that the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health contributes to this scenario through its multidimensional and non-reductionist approach. However, physiotherapy has historically been strongly influenced by the biomedical model, distancing it from primary care (PC). This is an exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study, with secondary data source obtained through the National Register of Health Establishments in Brazil, whose objective was to verify, within a 10-year interval, at which level of health care most physiotherapists and their representation in PC are concentrated. The findings indicated that PC represents the minority scenario of jobs occupied by physical therapists, reflecting the hegemony of the biomedical model and reinforcing the rehabilitation character historically given to the profession.

Resumo Tendo em vista o olhar ampliado de saúde proposto pelo SUS, a abordagem dada ao processo do adoecimento exigiu um prisma voltado à visão biopsicossocial, e não mais ao modelo biomédico, o que levou a um reordenamento na formação dos profissionais de saúde. Assim, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais foram instituídas norteando os projetos pedagógicos dos cursos rumo ao modelo biopsicossocial, de forma que a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde contribui para esse cenário por meio de sua abordagem multidimensional e não reducionista. Entretanto, historicamente, a fisioterapia tem forte influência do modelo biomédico, distanciando-a da atenção básica (AB). Este é um estudo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, com fonte de dados secundários obtidos por meio do Cadastro Nacional dos Estabelecimentos de Saúde do Brasil, e cujo objetivo foi verificar, dentro de um intervalo de dez anos, em qual nível de assistência à saúde está concentrada a maior parte dos fisioterapeutas e sua representatividade na AB. Os achados indicaram que a AB representa o cenário minoritário dos postos de trabalho ocupados pelos fisioterapeutas, refletindo a hegemonia do modelo biomédico e reforçando o caráter reabilitador dado historicamente à profissão.

Abstract In view of the expanded view of health proposed by the Unified Health System (SUS), the approach given to the illness process required a prism focused on the biopsychosocial view and no longer on the biomedical model, which led to a reorganization in the training of health professionals. Thus, the National Curriculum Guidelines were established guiding the pedagogical projects of the courses towards the biopsychosocial model, so that the International Classification of Functionality, Disability and Health contributes to this scenario through its multidimensional and non-reductionist approach. However, physiotherapy has historically been strongly influenced by the biomedical model, distancing it from primary care (PC). This is an exploratory, descriptive and quantitative study, with secondary data source obtained through the National Register of Health Establishments in Brazil, whose objective was to verify, within a 10-year interval, at which level of health care most physiotherapists and their representation in PC are concentrated. The findings indicated that PC represents the minority scenario of jobs occupied by physical therapists, reflecting the hegemony of the biomedical model and reinforcing the rehabilitation character historically given to the profession.

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é descrever os achados radiológicos de infecções fúngicas invasivas em crianças com doenças onco-hematológicas em um único centro, de acordo com a classificação antiga e a atual de imagens típicas e atípicas. Materiais e Métodos: Foram revisados os prontuários de todos os pacientes com infecção fúngica invasiva que foram internados em um hospital pediátrico de oncologia e hematologia de 2008 a 2014. Foram coletados dados clínicos e demográficos. As tomografias de tórax dos pacientes foram laudadas por dois radiologistas independentes. Resultados: Foram identificados 40 pacientes com infecção fúngica invasiva que realizaram tomografias de tórax. Vinte e sete pacientes apresentaram nódulos com sinal do halo (67,5%), sete tiveram cavitações (17,5%), dois tiveram nódulos sem halo (5,0%) e sete apresentaram consolidações (17,5%). Os pacientes que apresentavam achados de nódulos com sinal do halo e cavitações eram mais velhos (123 versus 77 meses; p = 0,03) e tinham menos sinais de doença grave (34% versus 73%; p = 0,04) do que os outros pacientes. Dez crianças apresentaram infecção confirmada (Aspergillus sp., n = 4; Candida sp., n = 5; Fusarium sp., n = 1). Conclusão: O diagnóstico de infecção fúngica invasiva deve ser considerado em crianças com fatores de risco e tomografias de tórax alteradas, mesmo que os achados das imagens sejam inespecíficos.

Abstract Objective: To describe the radiological findings in pediatric patients with hematological or oncological diseases who also have an invasive fungal infection (IFI). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of all patients with IFI admitted to a pediatric hematology and oncology hospital in Brazil between 2008 and 2014. Clinical and demographic data were collected. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients were reviewed by two independent radiologists. Results: We evaluated the chest CT scans of 40 pediatric patients diagnosed with an IFI. Twenty-seven patients (67.5%) had nodules with the halo sign, seven (17.5%) had cavities, two (5.0%) had nodules without the halo sign, and seven (17.5%) had consolidation. The patients with the halo sign and cavities were older (123 vs. 77 months of age; p = 0.03) and had less severe disease (34% vs. 73%; p = 0.04). Ten patients had a proven IFI: with Aspergillus sp. (n = 4); with Candida sp. (n = 5); or with Fusarium sp. (n = 1). Conclusion: A diagnosis of IFI should be considered in children and adolescents with risk factors and abnormal CT scans, even if the imaging findings are nonspecific.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os cuidados de enfermagem na cateterização intravenosa periférica em crianças hospitalizadas. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em novembro de 2020 nas bases de dados LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF e COCHRANE. A análise foi construída a partir dos processos desta revisão. Resultados: foram analisados 19 artigos, classificados quanto ao nível de evidência: nível II (5%), nível IV (21%), nível V (5%), nível VI (63%) e nível VII (5%). Categoria analítica “Assistência à criança hospitalizada que necessita de cateter intravenoso periférico”. A ultrassonografia foi considerada uma tecnologia que pode ser útil. O cateter mais utilizado e recomendando é o de calibre 24 Gauge e o ideal da fixação é utilizar filme transparente estéril. A punção em crianças é mais difícil do que adultos e está frequentemente associada a evento adverso. Não se recomenda a troca eletiva do cateter em crianças, mas ainda existem dúvidas. O escore de Acesso Intravenoso Difícil determina probabilidade de insucesso da cateterização. Profissionais de enfermagem especializados e treinados fazem a diferença nesse procedimento. Deve-se ter preocupação com a dor, utilizando artifícios farmacológicos e não farmacológicos para minimizá-la. Conclusão: esta revisão contribui para as boas práticas na assistência à cateterização intravenosa periférica em crianças e baseou-se em dados sobre as principais tecnologias utilizadas, formas de prevenção de eventos adversos, bem como ações de enfermagem que garantem o processo mais seguro e menos estressante para as crianças e seus familiares.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe nursing care in peripheral intravenous catheterization in hospitalized children. Method: integrative review carried out in November 2020 in LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF and COCHRANE databases. The analysis was constructed from the processes of this review. Results: 19 articles were analyzed, classified according to the level of evidence: level II (5%), level IV (21%), level V (5%), level VI (63%) and level VII (5%). Analytical category "Care for hospitalized child requiring peripheral intravenous catheter". Ultrasound was considered a useful technology. The most used and recommended catheter is the 24 Gauge caliber and the ideal dressing is to use sterile transparent film. Venipuncture in children is more difficult than adults and is often associated with adverse events. Elective catheter replacement is not recommended in children, but there are still doubts. The Difficult Intravenous Access score determines the probability of catheterization failure. Specialized and trained nursing professionals make a difference in this procedure. One should be concerned with pain, using pharmacological and non-pharmacological devices to minimize it. Conclusion: this review contributes to good practices in the care of peripheral intravenous catheterization in children and was based on data on the main technologies used, forms of prevention of adverse events, as well as nursing actions that ensure the safest and least stressful process for children and their families.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los cuidados de enfermería en el cateterismo intravenoso periférico en niños hospitalizados. Método: revisión integradora realizada en noviembre de 2020 en las bases de datos LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SciELO, BDENF y COCHRANE. El análisis se construyó a partir de los procesos de esta revisión. Resultados: se analizaron 19 artículos, clasificados según el nivel de evidencia: nivel II (5%), nivel IV (21%), nivel V (5%), nivel VI (63%) y nivel VII (5%). Categoría analítica “Asistencia a niños hospitalizados que necesitan catéter intravenoso periférico”. La ecografía se consideró una tecnología que podría ser útil. El catéter más utilizado y recomendado es el catéter de calibre 24 Gauge y lo ideal para la fijación es utilizar una película transparente estéril. La punción en los niños es más difícil que en los adultos y, a menudo, se asocia con un evento adverso. No se recomienda el intercambio electivo de catéter en niños, pero aún existen dudas. La puntuación de acceso intravenoso difícil determina la probabilidad de falla del catéter. Profesionales de enfermería especializados y capacitados marcan la diferencia en este procedimiento. Uno debe preocuparse por el dolor, utilizando dispositivos farmacológicos y no farmacológicos para minimizarlo. Conclusión: esta revisión contribuye a las buenas prácticas en la asistencia al cateterismo intravenoso periférico en niños y se basó en datos sobre las principales tecnologías utilizadas, las formas de prevenir eventos adversos, así como las acciones de enfermería que garantizan un proceso más seguro y menos estresante para los niños y su familia.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Oculocutaneous albinism describes a group of pigmentary disorders that lead to skin sensitivity and predisposition to skin malignances. Aims: To analyze clinical and epidemiological data in oculocutaneous albinism patients and to determine the prevalence of malignant skin lesions, assessing possible risk factors for skin cancer. METHODS: Cross-sectional study evaluating epidemiological data, habits of sun exposure and sun protection, and clinical examination of albino patients followed in a reference dermatology outpatient clinic in Brasil. Our primary outcome was the occurrence of malignant skin lesions in biopsied tissues. RESULTS: Of 74 patients analyzed, 11 (15%) had one or more suspicious lesions and were biopsied, of which 8 (72.7%) patients presented with basal cell carcinomas, 7 (63.3%) presented with squamous cell carcinoma, and 1 (9%) presented with melanoma. Moreover, 32(43%) patients presented with actinic keratosis. Age, female gender, previous history of sunburn, history of malignant lesions and history of sun exposure without photoprotection were associated with the presence of malignant lesions. Limitations: Unicentric, non-aleatory sample. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of malignant and pre-malignant lesions in this population. Some potentially modifiable risk factors were associated with the occurrence of malignant skin lesions.

OBJECTIVES: Telomeres are a terminal “DNA cap” that prevent chromosomal fusion and degradation. However, aging is inherent to life, and so is the loss of terminal sequences. Telomerase is a specialized reverse transcriptase encoded by self-splicing introns that counteract chromosome erosion. Telomerase activity is observed during early embryonic development, but after the blastocyst stage, the expression of telomerase reduces. The consequences of either insufficient or unrestrained telomerase activity underscore the importance of ongoing studies aimed at elucidating the regulation of telomerase activity in humans. In the present study, we aimed to standardize a simplified telomerase repeat-amplification protocol (TRAP) assay to detect telomerase activity in unstimulated and PHA-stimulated mononuclear cells. METHODS and RESULTS: Our optimized qPCR-based can efficiently evaluate telomerase activity. Quantification of protein and DNA between unstimulated and PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed cellular activation and cell-cycle entry. The assay also showed that relative telomerase activity is significantly different between these two conditions, supporting the applicability of the assay. Furthermore, our findings corroborated that telomerase activity decreases with age. CONCLUSIONS: Telomeres and telomerase are implicated in aging and development of chronic diseases and cancer; however, difficulty in accessing commercial kits to investigate these aspects is a critical constraint in health surveillance studies. Our optimized assay was successfully used to differentiate telomerase activity between unstimulated and stimulated cells, clearly showing the reactivation of telomerase upon cell activation. This assay is affordable, reproducible, and can be executed in resource-limited settings.

RESUMO O Consenso Brasileiro de Nutrição em Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoiéticas: crianças e adolescentes foi elaborado com a participação de nutricionistas, médicos nutrólogos e médicos hematologistas pediátricos de 10 centros brasileiros que são referência em transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O objetivo foi salientar a importância do estado nutricional e da composição corporal durante o tratamento, bem como as principais características relacionadas à avaliação nutricional do paciente. As intenções, ao se estabelecer o consenso, foram aprimorar e padronizar a terapia nutricional durante o transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas. O consenso foi aprovado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Médula Óssea.

ABSTRACT The Brazilian Nutritional Consensus in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Children and Adolescents was developed by dietitians, physicians, and pediatric hematologists from 10 Brazilian reference centers in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The aim was to emphasize the importance of nutritional status and body composition during treatment, as well as the main characteristics related to patient´s nutritional assessment. This consensus is intended to improve and standardize nutrition therapy during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The consensus was approved by the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation.

ABSTRACT Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a novel therapeutic modality for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with robust outcomes in patients with refractory or relapsed disease. At the same time, CAR-T cell therapy is associated with unique and potentially fatal toxicities, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurological toxicities (ICANS). This manuscript aims to provide a consensus of specialists in the fields of Hema- tology Oncology and Cellular Therapy to make recommendations on the current scenario of the use of CAR-T cells in patients with ALL.