Os resultados de 16 anos de coletas de morcegos no sul da Bahia, Brasil, são presentados neste trabalho. De 1986 a 2002, morcegos foram coletados em 14 municípios da região, totalizando 6576 capturas de 59 espécies das famílias Emballonuridae (5 sp), Noctilionidae (1 sp), Phyllostomidae (46 sp), Thyropteridae (1 sp), Natalidae (1 sp), Molossidae (3 sp) and Vespertilionidae (1 sp). São registras 29 espécies não documentadas anteriormente para o estado da Bahia, e várias outras espécies com poucos registros dentro dos limites da Mata Atlântica. Também é apresentado o primeiro registro de Vampyrodes caraccioli para este bioma, estendendo seu limite de distribuição em mais de 3.000 km a leste. Os dados sumarizados aumentaram o conhecimento da fauna de morcegos para todo o estado, agora com uma lista atualizada de 78 espécies registradas, pertencentes a 50 diferentes gêneros e oito famílias.

Data collected during 16 years of bat surveys (1986 to 2002) in southern Bahia, Brazil, is presented here. Bats were surveyed in 14 municipalities, in habitats that included residences, caves, forests and agricultural areas, resulting in a total of 6576 captures of 60 species from the bat families Emballonuridae (5 sp), Noctilionidae (1 sp), Phyllostomidae (46 sp), Thyropteridae (1 sp), Natalidae (1 sp), Molossidae (3 sp) and Vespertilionidae (2 sp). These data include 29 species not previously documented for the state of Bahia. We also report the first record of Vampyrodes caraccioli for this biome, extending its distribution over 3.000 km eastwards. The present data significantly increase the knowledge of the bat fauna of Bahia, providing an updated list of 78 documented species, belonging to 50 different genera and eight families.

É relatada a captura de sete exemplares de Phylloderma stenops Peters, 1865 em três diferentes localidades na Mata Atlântica: Reserva Biológica de Una, Ilhéus (BA), Morro de São João, Casimiro de Abreu (RJ) e na Estação Ecológica Estadual Paraíso, Guapimirim (RJ).

The capture of seven bats Phylloderma stenops in three different localities of the Atlantic Forest: Reserva Biológica de Una, Ilhéus (BA), Morro de São João, Casimiro of Abreu (RJ) and in the Estação Ecológica Estadual Paraíso, Guapimirim (RJ), is described.

Assessing the composition of an area's bat fauna is typically accomplished by using captures or by monitoring echolocation calls with bat detectors. The two methods may not provide the same data regarding species composition. Mist nets and harp traps may be biased towards sampling low flying species, and bat detectors biased towards detecting high intensity echolocators. A comparison of the bat fauna of Fazenda Intervales, southeastern Brazil, as revealed by mist nets and harp trap captures, checking roosts and by monitoring echolocation calls of flying bats illustrates this point. A total of 17 species of bats was sampled. Fourteen bat species were captured and the echolocation calls of 12 species were recorded, three of them not revealed by mist nets or harp traps. The different sampling methods provided different pictures of the bat fauna. Phyllostomid bats dominated the catches in mist nets, but in the field their echolocation calls were never detected. No single sampling approach provided a complete assessment of the bat fauna in the study area. In general, bats producing low intensity echolocation calls, such as phyllostomids, are more easily assessed by netting, and bats producing high intensity echolocation calls are better surveyed by bat detectors. The results demonstrate that a combined and varied approach to sampling is required for a complete assessment of the bat fauna of an area.

In this study the incidence of moths and beetles was examined from feces samples of bats that use different foraging behaviors. Twenty sites around the Fazenda Intervales, a Field Research Station located in São Paulo State, in southeastern Brazil were sampled. Feces were collected from bats caught in mist nets, Turtle Traps or hand nets and, in one case, from beneath a roost. Feces samples were taken from six species of bats: Micronycteris megalotis (Gray, 1842), Mimon bennettii (Gray, 1838), Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828), Myotis riparius Handley, 1960, Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806) and Histiotus velalus (I. Geoffroy, 1824). To record and describe the frequencies dominating bat echolocation calls, an Anabat II bat detector coupled with an Anabat ZCA interfaces and DOS laptop computers were used. The data show that Furipterus horrens feeds extensively on moths, as predicted from the features of its echolocation calls. Gleaning bats, whose echolocation calls are much less conspicuous to moths take a wide range of insect (and other) prey.