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Concordance rate between oligoclonal bands and the Kappa index in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (MS) MS (MS
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Santos, Márcio Vega dos

; Salomão, Daiane

; Senne, Carlos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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2024, Volume 82 N. 3 elocation s00441779690

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Antecedentes Bandas oligoclonais (BOCs) e cadeias leves de imunoglobulina (free light chains, FLCs, em inglês) Kappa no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) são marcadores sensíveis da síntese intratecal de imunoglobulina (Ig)G em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM). Objetivo Avaliar a taxa de concordância entre BOCs e o índice Kappa (IK) em pacientes com suspeita de EM. Métodos Pacientes com suspeita de EM foram encaminhados a um laboratório especializado em LCR como parte de sua investigação diagnóstica. Amostras pareadas de LCR e soro foram coletadas e investigadas quanto à presença de BOCs e submetidas à determinação do IK. Resultados positivos e negativos foram determinados com ambos os métodos, e estabeleceu-se o percentual de concordância entre eles. Resultados Ao todo, 171 amostras de soro e LCR de 171 pacientes foram incluídas na análise. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 40 ± 14,2 anos; 18,9% deles eram do sexo masculino, e 81,1%, do sexo feminino. Resultados concordantes entre as BOCs e o IK foram observados em 161 (94,2%) amostras: em 74 (43,3%), ambos foram positivos, e em 87 (50,9%), ambos foram negativos. Em 10 casos, os resultados foram discrepantes: IK positivo/BOC negativo em 8, e BOC positivo/IK negativo em 2. Conclusão Observou-se alto nível de concordância entre o IK e as BOCs. A detecção de BOCs no LCR é atualmente o método padrão para o diagnóstico de EM, mas é demorado, e sua interpretação visual pode ser difícil. Os resultados sugerem que o IK pode ser uma alternativa para a detecção de imunoprodução intratecal em casos de suspeita de EM. (BOCs free chains FLCs inglês (LCR IgG Ig G . (EM) (IK diagnóstica métodos estabeleceuse estabeleceu se eles todo 17 análise 4 142 14 2 14, anos 189 18 9 18,9 masculino 811 81 1 81,1% feminino 16 94,2% 942 94 (94,2% 7 43,3%, 433 43,3% , 43 3 (43,3%) 8 50,9%, 509 50,9% 50 (50,9%) discrepantes positivoBOC positivo positivoIK Observouse Observou demorado difícil (EM 18, 81,1 94,2 (94,2 43,3 (43,3% 50,9 5 (50,9% 81, 94, (94, 43, (43,3 50, (50,9 (94 (43, (50, (9 (43 (50 ( (4 (5

Abstract Background Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and Kappa free light chains (FLCs) in the cerebrospinal ﬂuid (CSF) are sensitive markers of intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig)G synthesis in patients with multiple sclerosis. Objective To evaluate the concordance rate between OCBCs and the Kappa index (KI) in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Patients with suspected MS were referred to a specialized CSF laboratory as part of their diagnostic investigation. Paired CSF and serum samples were collected and submitted to detection of OCBs and determination of the KI. Positive and negative results were determined with both methods, and the percentage of agreement between them was established. Results In total, 171 serum and CSF samples from 171 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of the patients was of 40 ± 14.2 years; 18.9% of them were male, and 81.1% were female. The OCBs and KI presented concordant results in 161 (94.2%) samples: in 74 (43.3%), both were positive, and in 87 (50.9%), both were negative. In 10 cases, the results were discrepant: KI positive/OCB negative in 8 and OCB positive/KI negative in 2 cases. Conclusion The KI and OCBs presented high concordance level. Currently, the detection of OCBs in the CSF is the standard method for MS diagnosis, but it is time-consuming, and its visual interpretation can be difficult. The results suggest that the KI is a good alternative for the detection of intrathecal immunoproduction in cases of suspected MS. (OCBs FLCs (FLCs (CSF IgG Ig G (KI . (MS) investigation methods established total 17 analysis 4 142 14 14. years 189 18 9 18.9 male 811 81 1 81.1 female 16 94.2% 942 94 (94.2% 7 43.3%, 433 43.3% , 43 3 (43.3%) positive 50.9%, 509 50.9% 50 (50.9%) discrepant positiveOCB positiveKI level Currently diagnosis timeconsuming, timeconsuming time consuming, consuming time-consuming difficult (MS 18. 81. 94.2 (94.2 43.3 (43.3% 50.9 5 (50.9% 94. (94. 43. (43.3 50. (50.9 (94 (43. (50. (9 (43 (50 ( (4 (5

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779690

Reply to the Letter: “Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid composition can accompany CNS involvement in COVID-19” Letter Abnormal COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-19 COVID1 1 COVID-1 COVID-
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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sep 2022, Volume 80 N. 9 Pages 979 - 981

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1758379

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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mar 2022, Volume 80 N. 3 Pages 296 - 305

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Antecedentes: O comprometimento do sistema nervoso central (SNC) pode ocorrer em pacientes com COVID-19. O papel do exame do LCR nesses casos ainda não foi precisamente estabelecido. Objetivo: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática dos achados do LCR em pacientes com COVID-19 e comprometimento do SNC. Métodos: Os parâmetros do LCR, incluindo análises citológicas e bioquímicas, RT-PCR para o SARS-CoV-2, além de outros marcadores liquóricos, foram registrados e analisados em pacientes com as seguintes síndromes: acidente vascular cerebral, encefalopatia, encefalite, síndromes inflamatórias, crises epilépticas, cefaleia e meningite. Resultados: Aumento de leucócitos e/ou aumento da concentração de proteína foram encontradas em 52,7% dos pacientes com encefalite, 29,4% dos pacientes com encefalopatia e 46,7% dos pacientes com outras síndromes inflamatórias (P<0,05). A RT-PCR em LCR para identificação SARS-CoV-2 foi positiva em 17,35% dos pacientes com encefalite e menos de 3,5% dos pacientes com encefalopatia ou síndromes inflamatórias (P<0,05). A produção intratecal de imunoglobulinas foi encontrada em apenas 8% dos casos. Mais de 85% dos pacientes apresentavam aumento de citocinas e quimiocinas no LCR. Foi identificado aumento do neurofilamento de cadeia leve (NfL) em 71% e da proteína Tau em 36% dos casos. Conclusão: Alterações inflamatórias leves e inespecíficas foram frequentes em pacientes com manifestações neurológicas do SNC associadas à COVID-19. O aumento de biomarcadores de neurodegeneração sugere a possibilidade de dano neuronal, com consequências de longo prazo ainda desconhecidas.

ABSTRACT Background: Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms may occur in patients with acute COVID-19. The role of CSF examination in these patients remains to be established. Objective: A systematic review of CSF findings relating to COVID-19 was carried out. Methods: CSF parameters, including cytological and biochemical analyses, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and other CSF markers, were recorded and analyzed among patients with acute COVID-19 and one of the following CNS syndromes: stroke, encephalopathy, encephalitis, inflammatory syndromes, seizure, headache and meningitis. Results: Increased white blood cells and/or increased protein concentration were found in 52.7% of the patients with encephalitis, 29.4% of the patients with encephalopathy and 46.7% of the patients with inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). CSF RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in 17.35% of the patients with encephalitis and less than 3.5% of the patients with encephalopathy or inflammatory syndromes (P < 0.05). Intrathecal production of immunoglobulins was found in only 8% of the cases. More than 85% of the patients had increased CSF cytokines and chemokines. Increased CSF neurofilament light chain (NfL) and CSF Tau were found in 71% and 36% of the cases, respectively. Conclusion: Non-specific inflammatory CSF abnormalities were frequently found in patients with COVID-19 CNS syndromes. The increase in neurodegeneration biomarkers suggests that neuronal damage occurs, with long-term consequences that are still unknown.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0117

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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2022, N. ahead

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0117

Diagnosis of neurosyphilis with cerebrospinal fluid pcr: a systematic review
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Giafferi, Carlos Alberto Salzedas

; Santos, Márcio Vega dos

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e4432022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background Neurosyphilis is difficult to be diagnosed. CSF VDRL is the gold standard, but its sensitivity is low. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PCR for the detection of Treponema pallidum DNA has been evaluated; however, its diagnostic value is still poorly understood. Methods Here we performed a systematic review including articles that assessed the diagnostic sensitivity of CSF PCR in patients with syphilis and neurosyphilis. The CSF PCR sensitivity and specificity of different PCR assays was assessed in patients with neurosyphilis with or without HIV coinfection and in patients with syphilis with no central nervous system (CNS) manifestations. Results Eighteen studies evaluating 703 patients were included. The PCR sensitivity for neurosyphilis was 73.9% among HIV negative and 37.5% among HIV infected patients, having varied from 62.2% to 100% with different PCR assays. The sensitivity of CSF VDRL CSF was 68% in the same population. The specificity of CSF PCR was 93%. CSFPCR was positive in16.4% of the patients with primary and secondary syphilisand 28.9% of patients with latent syphilis. None of the syphilis cases without neurological manifestations were positive with CSF VDRL. Conclusion CSF PCR seems to be at least as sensitive as CSF VDRL, with good specificity. In addition, CSF PCR may potentially reveal early neuroinvasion in patients withsyphilis with no CNS symptoms. Future studies are still needed to assess the potential clinical value of detecting T. pallidum DNA in CSF in syphilis cases prior to the development of CNS symptoms.

https://doi.org/10.1900/jbpml.2022.58.443

Telemedicine use among neurologists before and during COVID-19 pandemic
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Aquino, Emanuelle Roberta da Silva

; Domingues, Renan Barros

; Mantese, Carlos Eduardo

; Fantini, Francisca Goreth Malheiro Moraes

; Nitrini, Ricardo

; Prado, Gilmar Fernandes do

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jul 2021, Volume 79 N. 7 Pages 658 - 664

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Antecedentes: Considerando a Emergência em Saúde Pública de Importância Nacional em decorrência da infecção pelo coronavírus, o governo federal brasileiro temporariamente regulamentou o uso da telemedicina diretamente entre médico e paciente, para consulta, monitorização e diagnóstico. Há mais de uma década os neurologistas reconhecem os benefícios da telemedicina no tratamento do AVC agudo. Entretanto, como o uso da telemedicina no país era restrito até a pandemia da COVID-19, a magnitude do envolvimento dos neurologistas brasileiros com a telemedicina não é conhecida. Métodos: Todos os membros da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia foram convidados por e-mail a responder voluntariamente um questionário sobre seu envolvimento pessoal com telemedicina antes e durante a pandemia. Resultados: 162 neurologistas, representando todas as regiões do Brasil, responderam o questionário. A pesquisa mostrou que 18,5% dos respondedores trabalhavam com telemedicina antes da pandemia da COVID-19, enquanto 63,6% afirmaram trabalhar com telemedicina durante a pandemia. As principais modalidades de telemedicina utilizadas durante a pandemia são a teleorientação e a teleconsulta. Discussão: De acordo com esses resultados, a pandemia da COVID-19 influenciou profundamente o comportamento dos neurologistas brasileiros, que passaram a demonstrar uma ideia mais favorável sobre telemedicina, e determinou uma busca ativa de informações sobre teleneurologia. Há necessidade de maior capacitação nesta área em nosso país. Universidades e sociedades médicas devem se esforçar para melhorar a educação em telemedicina. A expansão do uso da teleneurologia com alta qualidade contribuirá para um melhor cuidado dos pacientes com doenças neurológicas no Brasil.

ABSTRACT Background: After the public health emergency due to COVID-19 was declared in Brazil, the federal government temporarily regulated and authorized the use of telemedicine services for patient consultation, monitoring, and diagnosis. For more than a decade, neurologists have recognized the benefits of telemedicine in the acute management of stroke patients. However, as the use of telemedicine was restricted until the COVID-19 pandemic, the view of Brazilian neurologists about telemedicine is unknown. Methods: All neurologists registered at the Brazilian Academy of Neurology were invited by e-mail to participate in a survey about personal perceptions on telemedicine use. Results: One hundred sixty-two neurologists from all regions of Brazil answered the online questionnaire. The survey showed that 18.5% of participants worked with telemedicine before the pandemic, while 63.6% reported working with telemedicine during the pandemic. The main telemedicine modalities used during the pandemic were teleorientation and teleconsultation. Discussion: According to our data, the COVID-19 pandemic deeply influenced the behavior of Brazilian neurologists, who developed a more favorable view about telemedicine and actively searched for information about telemedicine. As there is a need for more training in this area in Brazil, universities and medical societies must strive to improve telemedicine education. Expanding the use of high-quality teleneurology can contribute to a better care for patients with neurological diseases in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0488 379 downloads

Telemedicine in neurology: current evidence
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Mantese, Carlos Eduardo

; Aquino, Emanuelle da Silva

; Fantini, Francisca Goreth Malheiro Moraes

; Prado, Gilmar Fernandes do

; Nitrini, Ricardo

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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dec 2020, Volume 78 N. 12 Pages 818 - 826

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A telemedicina surge pela primeira vez na neurologia como uma ferramenta para facilitar o acesso ao tratamento do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) Agudo. Mais recentemente, inúmeras evidências têm surgido acerca da eficácia e da segurança do uso da telemedicina em várias outras áreas da neurologia. Com o advento da pandemia de COVID-19 e a necessidade de isolamento social, as autoridades brasileiras flexibilizaram a regulamentação da telemedicina, permitindo assim que inúmeros pacientes com doenças neurológicas possam ter acesso ao tratamento, com menor risco de exposição à contaminação pelo SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar criticamente as evidências correntes acerca da segurança e eficácia do uso da telemedicina em diversas áreas da neurologia. Métodos: Este artigo foi uma revisão de artigos indexados no PubMed, buscando os termos telemedicina, cefaleias, esclerose múltipla, doenças vestibulares, doenças cerebrovasculares, epilepsia, doenças neuromusculares, demência e desordens do movimento. Os artigos mais relevantes em cada uma das áreas foram criticamente analisados. Resultados: Diversos artigos foram identificados e analisados em todas as áreas anteriormente citadas. Os principais achados quanto às contribuições da telemedicina, para o diagnóstico e tratamento das condições, foram apresentados, indicando potenciais benefícios da telemedicina em todas as áreas buscadas. Conclusão: As evidências atuais indicam que a teleneurologia é uma potencial ferramenta para ampliar o acesso ao cuidado em inúmeras áreas da neurologia.

ABSTRACT Background: Telemedicine was first introduced in Neurology as a tool to facilitate access to acute stroke treatment. More recently, evidence has emerged of the use of telemedicine in several other areas of Neurology. With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for social isolation, Brazilian authorities have expanded the regulation of the use of telemedicine, thus allowing the treatment of many patients with neurological diseases to be conducted with less risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination. Objective: This study aimed to critically review the current evidence of the use, efficacy, safety, and usefulness of telemedicine in Neurology. Methods: A review of PubMed indexed articles was carried out by searching for the terms “telemedicine AND”: “headache”, “multiple sclerosis”, “vestibular disorders”, “cerebrovascular diseases”, “epilepsy”, “neuromuscular diseases”, “dementia”, and “movement disorders”. The more relevant studies in each of these areas were critically analyzed. Results: Several articles were found and analyzed in each of these areas of Neurology. The main described contributions of telemedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of such neurological conditions were presented, indicating a great potential of use of this type of assistance in all these fields. Conclusion: Current evidence supports that teleneurology can be a tool to increase care for patients suffering from neurological diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200131 2093 downloads

Assessment of Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire for migraine with the help of a smartphone app
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DOMINGUES, Renan Barros

; PICON, Isabella Silva

; VESCOVi, Julia

; CHUNG, Gabriel

; CABRAL, Felipe Teijeiro

; BERTELLI, Ayrton Piassi

; LEE, Annelise Akemi Higa

; SILVA, Paulo Diego Santos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2020, Volume 78 N. 8 Pages 468 - 472

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A enxaqueca é uma causa importante de incapacidade, afetando diversos domínios, incluindo a produtividade no trabalho. Avaliar o absenteísmo e o presenteísmo decorrentes da enxaqueca, por meio de ferramentas adequadas, é essencial para melhor conhecer o impacto desta doença. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da enxaqueca sobre a produtividade no trabalho utilizando a versão em português do questionário Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI). Métodos: Para a realização desta pesquisa utilizou-se o aplicativo Dr. Cefaleia para Médicos com os seguintes questionários: “ID-Migraine”, “Headache Impact Test - HIT-6” e o WPAI. Os dados foram coletados durante um mutirão de conscientização sobre cefaleias. Foram avaliadas as correlações entre o impacto da enxaqueca (HIT-6) com os parâmetros do WPAI: a) tempo de trabalho perdido (absenteísmo), b) comprometimento do trabalho (presenteísmo), c) perda geral de produtividade (absenteísmo+presenteísmo), e d) comprometimento das atividades fora do trabalho. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 305 indivíduos com cefaleia, sendo que 167 dos casos foram classificados como enxaqueca. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no impacto da enxaqueca de acordo com o sexo (p=0,8) nem a modalidade de trabalho (p=0,8). As mulheres tiveram maior absenteísmo (p<0,001) mas não houve diferenças significativas entre os sexos quanto ao presenteísmo (p=0,3). Tanto os escores de absenteísmo quanto de presenteísmo do WPAI correlacionaram-se significativamente com o impacto da enxaqueca (HIT-6). Conclusões: Os resultados descritos sugerem que a versão em português do WPAI foi eficiente em avaliar o impacto no trabalho relacionado à enxaqueca. O uso de um aplicativo contendo questionários validados facilita pesquisas sobre o impacto da enxaqueca em diferentes populações, permitindo uma melhor compreensão do ônus resultante desta doença.

ABSTRACT Background: Migraine is a major cause of disability, which affects many areas of life, including productivity at work. Measuring absenteeism and presenteeism resulting from migraine with the use of appropriate tools is essential for better understanding the impact of this disease. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the work impact of migraine using the Brazilian Portuguese version of Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire. Methods: This survey was carried out with the aid of a smartphone app (Dr Cefaleia for Doctors) containing the questionnaires: ID-Migraine, Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), and WPAI. The data were collected during a headache awareness event. Correlations were assessed between migraine impact (HIT-6) with WPAI parameters: a) work time missed (absenteeism), b) impairment at work (presenteeism), c) overall work productivity loss (absenteeism+presenteeism), and d) activity impairment outside work. Results: Overall, 305 subjects with headache were interviewed and 167 were classified as having migraine. No significant differences in migraine impact according to sex (p=0.8) and modality of work were registered (p=0.8). Females had significantly higher absenteeism score (p<0.001), but presenteeism score was not significantly different between genders (p=0.3). WPAI absenteeism and presenteeism scores significantly correlated with migraine impact (HIT-6). Conclusions: The results suggest WPAI Brazilian Portuguese version was efficient in assessing migraine related work impact. The use of an app with validated questionnaires facilitates the conduction of migraine impact research in different populations, allowing a better understanding of the burden of this disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200004 912 downloads

FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (ME) panel in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Santos, Márcio Vega dos

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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dec 2019, Volume 23 N. 6 Pages 468 - 470

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The precise diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is essential. Cytological and biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are not specific. Conventional methods for bacterial meningitis lack sensitivity or take too long for a final result. Therefore, other methods for rapid and accurate diagnosis of central nervous system infections are required. FilmArray meningitis/encephalitis (ME) panel is a PCR multiplex for simultaneous and rapid identification of 14 pathogens, including 6 bacteria, 7 viruses, and Cryptococcus. We evaluated 436 CSF samples submitted to FilmArray ME Panel. Among them, 25 cases were positive for bacteria, being Streptococcus pneumonia the most frequent (48 %). Among positive cases for bacteria, 60 % were positive only with FilmArray. All the bacterial meningitis cases in which the only positive test was FilmArray had CSF findings suggestive of bacterial meningitis, including neutrophilic pleocytosis, increased CSF protein and lactate, and decreased CSF glucose. These findings suggest that FilmArray may increase the diagnostic sensitivity for bacterial meningitis.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.10.008 600 downloads

10.

Neurofilament light chain in the assessment of patients with multiple sclerosis
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DOMINGUES, Renan Barros

; FERNANDES, Gustavo Bruniera Peres

; LEITE, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; SENNE, Carlos

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jun 2019, Volume 77 N. 6 Pages 436 - 441

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A esclerose múltipla (EM) é uma doença autoimune, inflamatória e degenerativa do sistema nervoso central. A degeneração axonal é deflagrada pelo processo inflamatório e é o substrato patológico da incapacidade na EM. As intervenções terapêuticas reduzem a inflamação retardando a neurodegeneração e a progressão da incapacidade. A neurodegeneração é avaliada pelo quadro clínico e pela ressonância magnética. Estas mensurações não suficientemente acuradas, havendo necessidade de novos biomarcadores. Diversos biomarcadores têm sido estudados e, até o presente, o mais promissor é o neurofilamento de cadeia leve (NfL). O mesmo é um componente do citoesqueleto que é liberado no líquido cefalorraquidiano após injúria axonal. No presente estudo nós revisamos o conhecimento atual acerca do NfL na EM, síndrome clinica isolada e síndrome radiológica isolada, discutindo criticamente como a determinação deste biomarcador pode contribuir na tomada de decisões clínicas.

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Axonal degeneration is triggered by inflammation and is the pathological substrate of progressive disability in patients with MS. Therapeutic interventions can reduce inflammatory activity, thus delaying neurodegeneration and the progression of disability. Disease activity and neurodegeneration are assessed mainly through clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging. These measures lack sensitivity and accuracy, so new biomarkers are necessary. Several markers have been studied and to date the most promising is neurofilament light (NfL), a component of the axonal cytoskeleton, which is released into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following axonal damage. In the present study, we review the current knowledge about CSF NfL determination in MS, clinically isolated syndrome, and radiologically isolated syndrome, and critically discuss how CSF NfL measurement may contribute to therapeutic decision-making in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190060 2393 downloads

11.

Performance of lactate in discriminating bacterial meningitis from enteroviral meningitis
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Fernandes, Gustavo Bruniera Peres

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Senne, Carlos

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2019, Volume 61 elocation e24

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The cytological and biochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been used for the presumed diagnosis of bacterial meningitis until the final microbiological results are achieved. We assessed the ability of CSF lactate in comparison with other CSF parameters to discriminate bacterial and enteroviral community acquired meningitis. We included 1,187 CSF samples of acute community-acquired meningitis, being 662 cases of bacterial and 525 of enteroviral meningitis. Lactate concentration (mg/dL), leukocyte count/mm3, protein (mg/dL), and glucose (mg/dL) were compared between bacterial and viral meningitis. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess diagnostic performance. CSF leukocytes, CSF protein and CSF lactate were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF glucose was significantly lower in bacterial meningitis cases (P<0.0001). CSF lactate showed the best predictive ability with an area under the curve of 0.944 (95% CI 0.929 – 0.959). Considering a cut off of CSF lactate of 30 mg/dL, the sensitivity and specificity for bacterial meningitis were 84.1% and 99%, respectively. In the cytological and biochemical CSF analysis, CSF lactate was the most accurate marker for bacterial meningitis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201961024 1479 downloads

12.

The cerebrospinal fluid in multiple sclerosis: far beyond the bands
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Domingues, Renan Barros

; Fernandes, Gustavo Bruniera Peres

; Leite, Fernando Brunale Vilela de Moura

; Tilbery, Charles Peter

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Silva, Gisele Sampaio

; Mangueira, Cristóvão Luis Pitangueira

; Soares, Carlos Augusto Senne

einstein (São Paulo)

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mar 2017, Volume 15 N. 1 Pages 100 - 104

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano tem sido empregada para avaliação diagnóstica da esclerose múltipla e a exclusão dos diagnósticos diferenciais. Os achados clássicos refletem a natureza inflamatória da doença, incluindo discreta pleocitose, leve hiperproteinorraquia, aumento da síntese intratecal de imunoglobulina G e, mais tipicamente, a presença de bandas oligoclonais. Nos últimos anos, surgiram novos biomarcadores para esclerose múltipla, e esta busca por marcadores reflete a necessidade de melhor avaliar a atividade e a progressão da doença, bem como a eficácia terapêutica. Uma avaliação mais refinada da atividade da doença e da resposta aos medicamentos pode contribuir para melhores decisões terapêuticas, particularmente no que se refere à troca de medicação. Isto é muito importante nos dias de hoje, quando surgem novas opções medicamentosas. Neste artigo de revisão, avaliamos criticamente a literatura atual referente aos novos marcadores liquóricos na esclerose múltipla. A mensuração destes marcadores, como a quimiocina CXCL13, fetuína A e, principalmente, o neurofilamento de cadeia leve, demonstrou resultados promissores na avaliação da doença, provendo informações que, em conjunto com dados clínicos e de neuroimagem, podem contribuir para melhores decisões terapêuticas.

ABSTRACT The cerebrospinal fluid analysis has been employed for supporting multiple sclerosis diagnosis and ruling out the differential diagnoses. The most classical findings reflect the inflammatory nature of the disease, including mild pleocytosis, mild protein increase, intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulin G, and, most typically, the presence of oligoclonal bands. In recent years, new biomarkers have emerged in the context of multiple sclerosis. The search for new biomarkers reflect the need of a better evaluation of disease activity, disease progression, and treatment efficiency. A more refined evaluation of disease and therapy status can contribute to better therapeutic choices, particularly in escalation of therapies. This is very relevant taking into account the availability of a greater number of drugs for multiple sclerosis treatment in recent years. In this review, we critically evaluate the current literature regarding the most important cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. The determination of biomarkers levels, such as chemokine ligand 13, fetuin A, and mainly light neurofilament has shown promising results in the evaluation of this disease, providing information that along with clinical and neuroimaging data may contribute to better therapeutic decisions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082017rw3706 11304 downloads

13.

Early reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke after recent myocardial infarction
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Kuster, Gustavo Wruck

; Baruzzi, Antonio Claudio

; Pacheco, Evelyn de Paula

; Domingues, Renan Barros

; Pieruccetti, Marco

; Giacon, Luciano Marcus Tirotti

; Garcia, Jose Carlos Teixeira

; Furlan, Valter

; Massaro, Ayrton Roberto

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2016, Volume 74 N. 8 Pages 690 - 691

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20160099 1556 downloads

14.

Multiple sclerosis starting before the age of 18 years: the Brazilian experience
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Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Morales, Nivea de Macedo Oliveira

; Arruda, Walter Oleschko

; Brooks, Joseph Bruno Bidin

; Carneiro, Denise Sisterolli Diniz

; Carvalho, Margarete de Jesus

; Comini-Frota, Elizabeth Regina

; Correa, Eber Castro

; Damasceno, Carlos Augusto de Albuquerque

; Domingues, Renan Barros

; Finkelsztejn, Alessandro

; Gama, Paulo Diniz da

; Gomes, Sidney

; Goncalves, Marcus Vinicius Magno

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Khouri, Jussara Mathias Netto

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio Ramon

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Morales, Rogerio de Rizo

; Ribeiro, Sonia Beatriz Felix

; Ribeiro, Taysa Alexandrino Gonsalves Jube

; Albuquerque, Livia Brito Bezerra de

; Anacleto, Andrea

; Finkelsztejn, Juliana

; Gama, Rodrigo Assad Diniz da

; Lopes, Josiane

; Oliveira, Celso Luis Silva

; Oliveira, Francisco Tomaz Meneses

; Pires, Leopoldo Antonio

; Saldanha, Patricia Correia de Oliveira

; Souza, Adelia Henriques

; Silva, Alex Eduardo da

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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oct 2013, Volume 71 N. 10 Pages 783 - 787

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Esclerose múltipla (EM) com início na infância e adolescência constitui um desafio para o diagnóstico e manejo da doença. A proposta do presente estudo foi avaliar as características da EM de início precoce em pacientes brasileiros. Métodos Coleta de dados retrospectiva de arquivos de unidades especializadas em atendimento da EM. Resultados A partir de 20 unidades de EM de nove estados brasileiros, foram coletados 117 casos de EM com início antes dos 18 anos de idade. Estes pacientes tinham uma média de 10 anos de duração da doença, de maneira geral apresentavam pouca incapacidade , com um surto a cada dois anos e meio. A média de idade no início da doença era 13,7 anos. Conclusão O presente estudo apresenta uma grande série de casos brasileiros de EM pediátrica. Embora alguns pacientes tenham apresentado forma grave de EM, de maneira geral o grupo de pacientes cuja EM iniciou-se na infância ou adolescência apresentou uma forma relativamente leve da doença no Brasil.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) starting in childhood and adolescence poses a challenge for diagnosis and management of the disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the characteristics of early onset MS in Brazilian patients. Methods Retrospective data collection from specialized MS units. Results From 20 MS units in 11 Brazilian states, 117 cases of MS starting before the age of 18 years were collected. These patients had an average of 10 years of disease duration, still typically with low disability and one relapse every 2.5 years. The mean age for disease onset was 13.7 years. Conclusion The present study introduces a large series of Brazilian cases of pediatric MS. Although some patients presented a very severe form of MS, on the whole the group of patients with MS starting in childhood or adolescence presented a relatively mild form of this disease in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20130122 4255 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

15.

Nearly one-half of Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis using natalizumab are DNA-JC virus positive
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Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Arruda, Walter Oleschko

; Becker, Jefferson

; Brooks, Joseph Bruno Bidin

; Carvalho, Margarete de Jesus

; Comini-Frota, Elizabeth Regina

; Domingues, Renan Barros

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Finkelsztejn, Alessandro

; Gama, Paulo Diniz da

; Gomes, Sidney

; Goncalves, Marcus Vinicius Magno

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio Ramon

; Morales, Rogerio de Rizo

; Muniz, Andre

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Salgado, Pedro Rippel

; Albuquerque, Livia Brito Bezerra de

; Gama, Rodrigo Assad Diniz da

; Georgeto, Sergio

; Lopes, Josiane

; Oliveira, Celso Luis Silva

; Oliveira, Francisco Tomaz Meneses

; Safanelli, Juliana

; Saldanha, Patricia Correia de Oliveira

; Satomi, Massaco

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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oct 2013, Volume 71 N. 10 Pages 780 - 782

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivo Natalizumabe é um tratamento novo e eficaz para esclerose múltipla (EM). O risco constatado de desenvolver leucoencefalopatia multifocal progressiva (LEMP) durante o uso desta droga criou a necessidade de melhor estudar a infecção pelo vírus JC (JCV). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de DNA-JCV em paciente brasileiros usando natalizumabe. Método Detecção qualitativa de JCV no soro foi realizada através de reação em cadeia por polimerase (PCR) em tempo real. Resultados DNA-JCV foi detectado em 86 pacientes (51,2%) de um grupo de 168 pessoas com EM recebendo tratamento com natalizumabe,). Discussão Dados do DNA-JCV no Brasil complementam as avaliações mundiais sobre a prevalência de JCV em pacientes com EM que necessitam tratamento natalizumabe.

Objective Natalizumab is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) during the use of this drug has created the need for better comprehension of JC virus (JCV) infection. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of JCV-DNA in Brazilian patients using natalizumab. Method Qualitative detection of the JCV in the serum was performed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results In a group of 168 patients with MS who were undergoing treatment with natalizumab, JCV-DNA was detectable in 86 (51.2%) patients. Discussion Data on JCV-DNA in Brazil add to the worldwide assessment of the prevalence of the JCV in MS patients requiring treatment with natalizumab.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20130121 3759 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

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