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ABSTRACT Background: Rapid molecular methods such as the line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert® MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) have been recommended by the World Health Organization for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) diagnosis. We conducted an interventional trial in DR-TB reference centers in Brazil to evaluate the impact of the use of LPA and Xpert. Methods: Patients with DR-TB were eligible if their drug susceptibility testing results were available to the treating physician at the time of consultation. The standard reference MGITTM 960 was compared with Xpert (arm 1) and LPA (arm 2). Effectiveness was considered as the start of the appropriate TB regimen that matched drug susceptibility testing (DST) and the proportions of culture conversion and favorable treatment outcomes after 6 months. Results: A higher rate of empirical treatment was observed with MGIT alone than with the Xpert assay (97.0% vs. 45.0%) and LPA (98.2% vs. 67.5%). Patients started appropriate TB treatment more quickly than those in the MGIT group (median 15.0 vs. 40.5 days; p<0.01) in arm 1. Compared to the MGIT group, culture conversion after 6 months was higher for Xpert in arm 1 (90.9% vs. 79.3%, p=0.39) and LPA in arm 2 (80.0% vs. 83.0%, p=0.81). Conclusions: In the Xpert arm, there was a significant reduction in days to the start of appropriate anti-TB treatment and a trend towards greater culture conversion in the sixth month.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0191-2021

Tuberculosis and COVID-19, the new cursed duet: what differs between Brazil and Europe?
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Silva, Denise Rossato

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; D’Ambrosio, Lia

; Centis, Rosella

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Migliori, Giovanni Battista

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2021, Volume 47 N. 2 elocation e20210044

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Em 1º de abril de 2020, a COVID-19 ultrapassou a tuberculose em número de óbitos por dia no mundo. A associação da tuberculose com a COVID-19 apresenta grande potencial de morbidade e mortalidade. Além disso, a pandemia de COVID-19 tem tido um impacto significativo no diagnóstico e tratamento da tuberculose. Neste artigo de revisão, abordamos tuberculose e COVID-19 concomitantes, com particular atenção às diferenças entre Brasil e Europa. Além disso, discutimos as prioridades em atendimento clínico, saúde pública e pesquisa.

ABSTRACT On April 1st, 2020, COVID-19 surpassed tuberculosis regarding the number of deaths per day worldwide. The combination of tuberculosis and COVID-19 has great potential for morbidity and mortality. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. In this review article, we address concurrent tuberculosis and COVID-19, with particular regard to the differences between Brazil and Europe. In addition, we discuss priorities in clinical care, public health, and research.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20210044 956 downloads

Características clínicas e epidemiológicas de casos de infecção pulmonar por Mycobacterium kansasii no Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2006 a 2016
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Goldenberg, Telma

; Gayoso, Regina

; Mogami, Roberto

; Lourenço, Maria Cristina

; Ramos, Jesus Paes

; Carvalho, Luciana Distasio de

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2020, Volume 46 N. 6 elocation e20190345

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar características clínicas, tomográficas e microbiológicas dos pacientes com doença pulmonar causada pela M. kansasii (DPMK) atendidos em unidade ambulatorial no período 2006-2016. Métodos Estudo descritivo, em que foram analisados 38 pacientes. Foram analisadas as características demográficas, clínico-radiológicas, laboratoriais e terapêuticas. Resultados A média de idade foi 64 anos (DP=10,6; IIQ=57-72; mediana=65,0) e 22 (57,9%) eram pacientes do sexo masculino. Comorbidade pulmonar estava presente em 89,5%. A comorbidade mais frequente foi a bronquiectasia (78,9%). Tratamento anterior para tuberculose pulmonar (TBP) foi relatado em 65,9%. O esquema terapêutico mais utilizado foi rifampicina, isoniazida e etambutol (44,7%). A tomografia de tórax (TCT) mostrou bronquiectasia (94,1%), distorção arquitetural (76,5%), espessamento de septo (67,6%) e cavidades (64,7%). A doença foi bilateral em 85,2%. Houve 10,7% de resistência à rifampicina, 67,9% resistentes ao etambutol e sensibilidade à claritromicina. Conclusão Em pacientes com doença pulmonar estrutural, é importante a busca de DPMNT, principal diagnóstico diferencial com TBP. TC de tórax demonstra diferentes padrões que se sobrepõem ao de doença estrutural causada por TBP ou outras enfermidades pulmonares. Destaca-se a resistência ao etambutol, fármaco componente do esquema preconizado.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate clinical, tomographic, and microbiological characteristics of pulmonary disease caused by M. kansasii (MKPD) in patients treated at an outpatient unit from 2006-2016. Methods We studied thirty eight patients, and analyzed socio-demographic, clinical-radiological, laboratory, and therapeutic characteristics. Results The mean age was 64 years (SD = 10.6; IIQ = 57-72; median = 65.0), and 22 (57.9%) male patients. Pulmonary comorbidity was present in 89.5% of the patients. The most frequent comorbidity was bronchiectasis (78.9%). Previous treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was found in 65.9%. The most used therapeutic regimen was rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol (44.7%). Chest tomography (CT) showed bronchiectasis (94.1%), architectural distortion (76.5%), septum thickening (67.6%), and cavities (64.7%). Disease was bilateral in 85.2%. We observed 10.7% resistance to rifampicin, 67.9% resistance to ethambutol, and sensitivity to clarithromycin. Conclusion In patients with structural lung disease, it is important to search for NTM, the main differential diagnosis with PTB. Chest CT showed different patterns that overlapped with structural disease caused by PTB or other lung diseases. We observed resistance to ethambutol, a drug component of the recommended regimen.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20190345 1030 downloads

Clinical aspects in patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex, in the Brazilian Amazon
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Monteiro, José Tadeu Colares

; Lima, Karla Valéria Batista

; Barretto, Adriana Rodrigues

; Furlaneto, Ismari Perini

; Gonçalves, Glenda Moraes

; Costa, Ana Roberta Fusco da

; Lopes, Maria Luiza

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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apr 2018, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 93 - 98

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as manifestações clínicas de pacientes com infecção pulmonar por micobactérias do complexo Mycobacterium abscessus (CMA) e compará-las com as daqueles infectados com outras micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT). Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo envolvendo 43 pacientes divididos em dois grupos: grupo CMA, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por CMA (n = 17); e grupo MNT, com pacientes com infecção pulmonar por MNT que não CMA (n = 26). Os pacientes foram previamente tratados com o esquema rifampicina, isoniazida, pirazinamida e etambutol antes de o diagnóstico de MNT ser confirmado com culturas positivas em duas amostras de escarro diferentes. As sequências nucleotídicas dos genes hsp65, RNAr 16S e/ou rpoB foram analisadas para a identificação das micobactérias. Foram coletadas características demográficas, clínicas e radiológicas, assim como respostas terapêuticas e desfechos. Resultados: A única manifestação clínica significativamente mais frequente no grupo CMA que no grupo MNT foi hiporexia (p = 0,0306). A chance de haver a necessidade de utilização de um segundo esquema terapêutico foi quase 12 vezes maior no grupo CMA que no grupo MNT. O sucesso terapêutico foi significativamente maior no grupo MNT que no grupo CMA (83,2% vs. 17,6%; p < 0,0001). A chance de recidiva no grupo CMA foi aproximadamente 37 vezes maior que no grupo MNT. Conclusões: Na amostra estudada, a resposta terapêutica da doença pulmonar causada por CMA evoluiu de forma menos favorável do que naquela causada pelas demais MNT.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations of patients with pulmonary infection caused by mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC), and to compare these manifestations with those of patients infected with other nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving 43 patients divided into two groups: the MABSC group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by MABSC (n = 17); and the NTM group, consisting of patients with pulmonary infection caused by NTM other than MABSC (n = 26). Patients were previously treated with a regimen of rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol before the diagnosis of NTM was confirmed by two culture-positive sputum samples. The nucleotide sequences of the hsp65, 16S rRNA, and/or rpoB genes were analyzed to identify the mycobacteria. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics, as well as on treatment responses and outcomes. Results: Loss of appetite was the only clinical manifestation that was significantly more common in the MABSC group than in the NTM group (p = 0.0306). The chance of having to use a second treatment regimen was almost 12 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. Treatment success was significantly higher in the NTM group than in the MABSC group (83.2% vs. 17.6%; p < 0.0001). The chance of recurrence was approximately 37 times higher in the MABSC group than in the NTM group. Conclusions: In the study sample, treatment response of pulmonary disease caused by MABSC was less favorable than that of pulmonary disease caused by other NTM.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562016000000378 2459 downloads

The role of the Brazilian Tuberculosis Research Network in national and international efforts to eliminate tuberculosis
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Kritski, Afranio

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho Queiroz

; Carvalho, Anna Cristina Calçada

; Silva, Denise Rossato

; Oliveira, Martha Maria de

; Croda, Julio

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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apr 2018, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 77 - 81

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562017000000435 2738 downloads

Tuberculosis: where are we?
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Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; Silva, Denise Rossato

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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apr 2018, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 82 - 82

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562017000000450 1655 downloads

Risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Fregona, Geisa

; Cosme, Lorrayne Belique

; Moreira, Cláudia Maria Marques

; Bussular, José Luis

; Dettoni, Valdério do Valle

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Zandonade, Eliana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2017, Volume 51 elocation 41

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à tuberculose resistente no Espírito Santo. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal dos casos de tuberculose testados para fármacos de primeira linha (isoniazida, rifampicina, pirazinamida, etambutol e estreptomicina) no Espírito Santo entre 2002 e 2012. Foram utilizados dados laboratoriais e de registro de casos de tuberculose – Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação e Sistema para Tratamentos Especiais de Tuberculose. Os indivíduos foram classificados em resistentes e não resistentes, e comparados para variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e epidemiológicas. Algumas variáveis foram inclusas em um modelo de regressão logística para estabelecimento de fatores associados à resistência. RESULTADOS No período do estudo, 1.669 indivíduos tiveram o teste de sensibilidade aos fármacos antituberculose realizado. Destes, 10,6% apresentaram resistência a qualquer droga antituberculose. A taxa de multirresistência observada, isto é, à rifampicina e isoniazida, foi de 5%. Após a análise múltipla, foram identificados como fatores associados independentes para tuberculose resistente: história de tratamento prévio para tuberculose [Recidiva (OR = 7,72; IC95% 4,24–14,05) e reingresso após abandono (OR = 3,91; IC95% 1,81–8,43)], tabagismo (OR = 3,93; IC95% 1,98–7,79) e cultura positiva para Mycobacterium tuberculosis no momento da notificação do caso (OR = 3,22; IC95% 1,15–8,99). CONCLUSÕES É necessário o fortalecimento da parceria entre os programas de controle de tuberculose e as equipes de saúde que atuam na rede de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Isso possibilitaria identificar e acompanhar indivíduos com história de tratamento prévio para tuberculose e tabagismo. Além disso, a ampliação da oferta de cultura e Teste de Sensibilidade a fármacos antituberculose proporcionaria maior capacidade diagnóstica para as formas resistentes no Espírito Santo.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of cases of tuberculosis tested for first-line drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin) in Espírito Santo between 2002 and 2012. We have used laboratory data and registration of cases of tuberculosis – from the Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação and Sistema para Tratamentos Especiais de Tuberculose. Individuals have been classified as resistant and non-resistant and compared in relation to the sociodemographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables. Some variables have been included in a logistic regression model to establish the factors associated with resistance. RESULTS In the study period, 1,669 individuals underwent anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing. Of these individuals, 10.6% showed resistance to any anti-tuberculosis drug. The rate of multidrug resistance observed, that is, to rifampicin and isoniazid, has been 5%. After multiple analysis, we have identified as independent factors associated with resistant tuberculosis: history of previous treatment of tuberculosis [recurrence (OR = 7.72; 95%CI 4.24–14.05) and re-entry after abandonment (OR = 3.91; 95%CI 1.81–8.43)], smoking (OR = 3.93; 95%CI 1.98–7.79), and positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the time of notification of the case (OR = 3.22; 95%CI 1.15–8.99). CONCLUSIONS The partnership between tuberculosis control programs and health teams working in the network of Primary Health Care needs to be strengthened. This would allow the identification and monitoring of individuals with a history of previous treatment of tuberculosis and smoking. Moreover, the expansion of the offer of the culture of tuberculosis and anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing would provide greater diagnostic capacity for the resistant types in Espírito Santo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006688 5037 downloads

Risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Fregona, Geisa

; Cosme, Lorrayne Belique

; Moreira, Cláudia Maria Marques

; Bussular, José Luis

; Dettoni, Valdério do Valle

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Zandonade, Eliana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2017, Volume 51 elocation 41

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006688 751 downloads

Brazilian Response to Global End TB Strategy : The National Tuberculosis Research Agenda
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Kritski, Afranio

; Barreira, Draurio

; Junqueira-Kipnis, Ana Paula

; Moraes, Milton Ozorio

; Campos, Maria Martha

; Degrave, Wim Mauritz

; Miranda, Silvana Spindola

; Krieger, Marco Aurelio

; Chimara, Erica

; Morel, Carlos

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; Evangelista, Maria do Socorro Nantua

; Villa, Teresa Scatena

; Sanchez, Mauro

; Costa, Fernanda Dockhorn

; Queiroz, Inacio

; Oliveira, Martha Maria

; Souza Junior, Ruy

; Silva, Jose Roberto Lapa e

; Ruffino-Netto, Antonio

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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feb 2016, Volume 49 N. 1 Pages 135 - 145

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0330-2015 3881 downloads

10.

III Diretrizes para Tuberculose da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia
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Conde, Marcus Barreto

; Melo, Fernando Augusto Fiuza de

; Marques, Ana Maria Campos

; Cardoso, Ninarosa Calzavara

; Pinheiro, Valeria Goes Ferreira

; Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth

; Machado Junior, Almério

; Lemos, Antonio Carlos Moreira

; Netto, Antônio Ruffino

; Durovni, Betina

; Sant'Anna, Clemax Couto

; Lima, Dinalva

; Capone, Domenico

; Barreira, Draurio

; Matos, Eliana Dias

; Mello, Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz

; David, Fernando Cezar

; Marsico, Giovanni

; Afiune, Jorge Barros

; Silva, José Roberto Lapa e

; Jamal, Leda Fátima

; Telles, Maria Alice da Silva

; Hirata, Mário Hiroyuki

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Rabahi, Marcelo Fouad

; Cailleaux-Cesar, Michelle

; Palaci, Moises

; Morrone, Nelson

; Guerra, Renata Leborato

; Dietze, Reynaldo

; Miranda, Silvana Spíndola de

; Cavalcante, Solange Cesar

; Nogueira, Susie Andries

; Nonato, Tatiana Senna Galvão

; Martire, Terezinha

; Galesi, Vera Maria Nader

; Dettoni, Valdério do Valle

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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oct 2009, Volume 35 N. 10 Pages 1018 - 1048

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Diariamente novos artigos científicos sobre tuberculose (TB) são publicados em todo mundo. No entanto, é difícil para o profissional sobrecarregado na rotina de trabalho acompanhar a literatura e discernir o que pode e deve ser aplicado na prática diária juntos aos pacientes com TB. A proposta das "III Diretrizes para TB da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia (SBPT)" é revisar de forma crítica o que existe de mais recente na literatura científica nacional e internacional sobre TB e apresentar aos profissionais da área de saúde as ferramentas mais atuais e úteis para o enfrentamento da TB no nosso país. As atuais "III Diretrizes para TB da SBPT" foram desenvolvidas pela Comissão de TB da SBPT e pelo Grupo de Trabalho para TB a partir do texto das "II Diretrizes para TB da SBPT" (2004). As bases de dados consultadas foram LILACS (SciELO) e PubMed (Medline). Os artigos citados foram avaliados para determinação do nível de evidência científica, e 24 recomendações sobre TB foram avaliadas, discutidas por todo grupo e colocadas em destaque. A primeira versão das "III Diretrizes para TB da SBPT" foi colocada no website da SBPT para consulta pública durante três semanas, e as sugestões, críticas e o nível de evidência da referência científica que as embasavam foram avaliados e discutidos antes de serem incorporadas ou não ao texto final.

New scientific articles about tuberculosis (TB) are published daily worldwide. However, it is difficult for health care workers, overloaded with work, to stay abreast of the latest research findings and to discern which information can and should be used in their daily practice on assisting TB patients. The purpose of the III Brazilian Thoracic Association (BTA) Guidelines on TB is to critically review the most recent national and international scientific information on TB, presenting an updated text with the most current and useful tools against TB to health care workers in our country. The III BTA Guidelines on TB have been developed by the BTA Committee on TB and the TB Work Group, based on the text of the II BTA Guidelines on TB (2004). We reviewed the following databases: LILACS (SciELO) and PubMed (Medline). The level of evidence of the cited articles was determined, and 24 recommendations on TB have been evaluated, discussed by all of the members of the BTA Committee on TB and of the TB Work Group, and highlighted. The first version of the present Guidelines was posted on the BTA website and was available for public consultation for three weeks. Comments and critiques were evaluated. The level of scientific evidence of each reference was evaluated before its acceptance for use in the final text.

112639 downloads Cited 23 times in SciELO

11.

Resistência do Mycobacterium tuberculosis à isoniazida por mutações em duas regiões diferentes do gene katG
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Siqueira, Helio Ribeiro de

; Freitas, Flávia Alvim Dutra de

; Oliveira, Denise Neves de

; Barreto, Angela Maria Werneck

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Albano, Rodolpho Mattos

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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aug 2009, Volume 35 N. 8 Pages 773 - 779

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Analisar e comparar as mutações em duas regiões diferentes do gene katG, responsáveis pela resistência à isoniazida (INH). MÉTODOS: As análises foram feitas em 97 cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis multirresistentes isoladas de culturas de escarro provenientes do Centro de Referência Professor Hélio Fraga. Outras 6 cepas, sensíveis à INH, não apresentaram mutações e foram incluídas como controle. Duas regiões do gene katG (GenBank nº de acesso U06258) - região 1, do códon 1 até o códon 119, e região 2, do códon 267 até o códon 504 - foram amplificadas por PCR e sequenciadas para a identificação das mutações. RESULTADOS: Sete cepas eram resistentes à INH e não mostraram mutação nas duas regiões. Trinta cepas apresentaram mutações na região 1, que se caracterizou por um grande número de deleções, especialmente no códon 4 (24 cepas). A região 2 mostrou 83 mutações pontuais, principalmente no códon 315, com 73 casos de troca de serina (AGC) para treonina (ACC). A análise da região 2 permitiu o diagnóstico de resistência à INH em 81,4% das cepas. Nove cepas tiveram mutações somente na região 1, e isso permitiu o aumento de identificação de cepas resistentes à INH para 90,6%. CONCLUSÕES: O número de mutações do códon 315 foi elevado, compatível com os casos descritos no Brasil e em outros países, e a análise da região 1 aumentou a detecção de mutações em mais 9,2%.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the mutations in two different regions of the katG gene, which is responsible for isoniazid (INH) resistance. METHODS: We analyzed 97 multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in cultures of sputum samples obtained from the Professor Hélio Fraga Referral Center, in Brasília, Brazil. Another 6 INH-sensitive strains did not present mutations and were included as controls. We used PCR to amplify two regions of the katG gene (GenBank accession no. U06258)-region 1, (from codon 1 to codon 119) and region 2 (from codon 267 to codon 504)-which were then sequenced in order to identify mutations. RESULTS: Seven strains were resistant to INH and did not contain mutations in either region. Thirty strains carried mutations in region 1, which was characterized by a high number of deletions, especially at codon 4 (24 strains). Region 2 carried 83 point mutations, especially at codon 315, and there was a serine-to-threonine (AGC-to-ACC) substitution in 73 of those cases. The analysis of region 2 allowed INH resistance to be diagnosed in 81.4% of the strains. Nine strains had mutations exclusively in region 1, which allowed the proportion of INH-resistant strains identified to be increased to 90.6%. CONCLUSIONS: The number of mutations at codon 315 was high, which is consistent with cases described in Brazil and in other countries, and the analysis of region 1 resulted in a 9.2% increase in the rate at which mutations were identified.

5404 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

12.

Evolução clínica de um grupo de pacientes com TB multirresistente atendidos em um centro de referência na cidade do Rio de Janeiro
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Siqueira, Helio Ribeiro de

; Freitas, Flávia Alvim Dutra de

; Oliveira, Denise Neves de

; Barreto, Angela Maria Werneck

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Albano, Rodolpho Mattos

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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jan 2009, Volume 35 N. 1 Pages 54 - 62

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Analisar as características clínicas e a evolução de um grupo de pacientes com culturas de escarro positivas para Mycobacterium tuberculosis multirresistente (MR) e tratados em um centro de referência no município do Rio de Janeiro. MÉTODOS: A partir dos resultados de M. tuberculosis MR em culturas de escarro, foram selecionados 50 pacientes cujos dados clínicos foram obtidos através do Banco de Dados TBMR do Ministério da Saúde. Foram considerados a frequência de abandono, as recidivas, as falências e os tratamentos prévios para TB até o diagnóstico de TBMR. O padrão radiológico foi classificado em uni- ou bilateral, e cavitário ou não. Dois anos após o término do tratamento padronizado para TBMR, o desfecho (cura, falência, abandono ou óbito) de cada paciente foi avaliado e repetido a cada dois anos. O período de seguimento foi de oito anos após o tratamento. RESULTADOS: A média do número de tratamentos prévios foi de 2,3 ± 0,9. O tempo médio entre o diagnóstico inicial e o desenvolvimento de TBMR foi de 2 ± 1,7 anos. Após dois anos do tratamento inicial para TBMR houve 2 abandonos, 8 óbitos, 18 curas e 22 falências. A análise bivariada mostrou que o comprometimento pulmonar bilateral e o padrão cavitário reduziram acentuadamente a chance de cura, com risco relativo de 1-0,6 (40%) e 1-0,7 (30%), respectivamente. Ao final do seguimento, houve 2 abandonos, 9 falências, 17 curas e 22 óbitos. CONCLUSÕES: O comprometimento pulmonar bilateral e lesões cavitárias reduziram a possibilidade de cura dos pacientes com TBMR. A maioria dos pacientes com falha de tratamento evoluiu para óbito no período de 8 anos.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and evolution of a group of patients with positive sputum cultures for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis and treated at a referral center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: Based on the positive results in sputum cultures for MDR M. tuberculosis, 50 patients were selected, and their clinical data were obtained from the Brazilian Ministry of Health MDR-TB Database. The frequencies of noncompliance, relapses, failures and previous treatments for TB up to diagnosis of MDR-TB were compiled. The radiological patterns were classified as unilateral or bilateral, and with or without cavitation. Two years after the end of the standard treatment for MDR-TB, the outcome (cure, failure, noncompliance or death) for each patient was evaluated and reassessed every two years. The post-treatment follow-up period was eight years. RESULTS: The mean number of previous treatments was 2.3 ± 0.9. The mean interval between the initial diagnosis and the development of MDR-TB was 2.0 ± 1.7 years. Two years after the initial treatment for MDR-TB, 2 patients had abandoned treatment, 8 had died, 18 had been cured, and 22 had presented treatment failure. The bivariate analysis showed that bilateral pulmonary involvement and cavitary pattern markedly reduced the chances for cure, with a relative risk of 1-0.6 (40%) and 1-0.7 (30%), respectively. At the end of the follow-up period, 2 patients had abandoned treatment, 9 had presented treatment failure, 17 had been cured, and 22 had died. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral pulmonary involvement and cavity pattern greatly reduced the chances for cure of the patients with MDR-TB. Most patients who presented treatment failure died within the 8-year follow-up period.

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13.

Tuberculose multirresistente no Brasil: histórico e medidas de controle
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Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Andrade, Mônica Kramer de Noronha

; Picon, Pedro Dornelles

Revista de Saúde Pública

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sep 2007, Volume 41 Suppl. 1 Pages 34 - 42

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo do artigo foi analisar o controle da tuberculose multirresistente no Brasil, com base nas experiências de instituições de referência e dos principais estudos de determinação das taxas locais e nacionais de resistência. Foram consideradas as medidas de controle e a situação atual de diagnóstico e tratamento, a partir da implementação das diretrizes nacionais, revisadas em 2004. O primeiro inquérito nacional de resistência aos medicamentos anti-tuberculose foi realizado em meados da década de 1990. A partir de seus resultados, foi validado e adotado um regime terapêutico nacional para todos os casos de tuberculose multirresistente. Medidas governamentais possibilitaram a implementação de um sistema de vigilância epidemiológica, cujos resultados também são comentados.

The article aimed at assessing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis control in Brazil, based on the experiences of reference institutions, and the most relevant studies carried out to determine local and national resistance rates. Control measures and the current situation of treatment and diagnoses after the implementation of the national guidelines, which were revised in 2004, are considered. The first national survey on resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs was performed in the middle of last decade. From its outcomes, a regimen to treat all cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis was validated and adopted. Government measures enabled the implementation of a surveillance system, whose outcomes are also commented.

9755 downloads Cited 11 times in SciELO

14.

Tuberculose multirresistente no Brasil: histórico e medidas de controle
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Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

; Andrade, Mônica Kramer de Noronha

; Picon, Pedro Dornelles

Revista de Saúde Pública

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sep 2007, Volume 41 Suppl. 1 Pages 34 - 42

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

17690 downloads Cited 11 times in SciELO

15.

Editorial
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Pereira, Carlos Alberto de Castro

; Santos, Joseney Raimundo

; Dalcolmo, Margareth Pretti

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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jun 2004, Volume 30 Suppl. 1 Pages S1 - S1

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

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