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Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.

The food habits and seed dispersal promoted by Thrichomys apereoides (Rodentia, Echimyidae) were investigated in a Cerrado reserve in southeastern Brazil. Diet was determined by faecal analysis and seed dispersal was tested through seed germination experiments. As a result, 68 scats of T. apereoides were collected and in mean 76.5% contained arthropods, hymenoptera being the most frequent food item. Moderate to high germination rates obtained showed that, despite the efficiency of the rodent's feeding apparatus, small sized seeds of pioneer plants passed undamaged through the guts and remained viable. The high consumption of seeds belonging to pioneer plants (Clidemia urceolata and Miconia holosericea) emphasizes the importance of T. apereoides related to dispersal rather than predation for small sized seeds.

Se investigaron los hábitos alimenticios y la dispersión de semillas promovido por Thrichomys apereoides, a través de muestras de heces, en una reserva del Cerrado en el sudeste del Brasil. La dieta fue determinada por el análisis de muestras de heces y la dispersión de semillas a través de experimentos de germinación. Se recogieron 68 muestras de heces de T. apereoides y en promedio 76.5% contuvieron artrópodos, siendo los himenópteros el alimento más frecuente. Las tasas de germinación fueron moderadas a altas mostrando que, a pesar de la eficiencia del aparato de alimentación de los roedores, pequeñas semillas de plantas pioneras pasaron intactas a través del intestino y se mantuvieron viables. El alto consumo de semillas pertenecientes a las plantas pioneras (Clidemia urceolata y Miconia holosericea) enfatiza la importancia de T. apereoides en relación con la dispersión en lugar de la depredación de pequeñas semillas.

Index code	Element
ti	article title
au	author
kw	article keywords
subject	subject (title words, abstract and keywords)
ab	abstract
ta	journal short title (e.g. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	journal full title (e.g. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	publication language code (e.g. pt - Portuguese, es - Spanish)
type	document type
pid	publication identifier
publication_year	publication year of publication
sponsor	sponsor
aff_country	country code of the author's affiliation
aff_institution	author affiliation institution
volume	article volume
issue	article issue
elocation	elocation
doi	DOI number
issn	journal ISSN
in	SciELO colection code (e.g. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	article usage license code

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