ABSTRACT. As the fourth largest importer of olive oil and the fifth largest importer of olives, Brazil is one of the largest importers of olive (Olea europaea L.) products in the world. In recent decades, the introduction and growth of olive cultivars with lower chilling requirements in the south and southeast regions of Brazil have made olive production viable in the country. However, there is a dearth of information about the management of olive crops in Brazil, especially in relation to studies about the nutritional needs of olive trees grown in subtropical regions, which may enable advances in the productivity of this fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth, dry matter production and nutritional status of the olive tree under the effect of nutrient omissions, as well as to establish visual diagnostic parameters of nutrient deficiencies. We used a completely randomized design with ten treatments and three replicates grown in the Hoagland-Arnon nutrient solution and solutions with individual omissions of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, and Zn. The treatments that most limited the growth of olive trees were the N, Ca, and B omission treatments.

RESUMO As áreas produtivas com amoreira-preta vêm se ampliando nas regiões subtropicais brasileiras, mas ainda há necessidade de se aprimorar o manejo cultural, principalmente no tocante às suas necessidades nutricionais, bem como estabelecer parâmetros de diagnose visual de deficiência, o que possibilitaria alcançar maiores produtividades. Objetivou-se avaliar a deficiência visual e a composição mineral de amoreirapreta sob o efeito da omissão de nutrientes. O experimento foi desenvolvido em delineamento em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com nove tratamentos e três repetições, que corresponderam ao cultivo em solução nutritiva de Hoagland & Arnon completa e solução com omissão individual de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe e B. Avaliou-se a produção de matéria seca e composição química da parte aérea e sistema radicular, bem como a diagnose visual.As deficiências dos nutrientes nas mudas de amoreira-preta se traduziram por sintomas típicos, enquanto, no tratamento sem restrição de nutrientes, os teores nutricionais obtidos respectivamente nas folhas e raízes foram N = 11,4 g kg-1 e 16,1 g kg-1; P = 1,3 g kg-1 e 4,2 g kg-1; K = 9,8 g kg-1 e 13,2 g kg-1; Ca = 5,7 g kg-1e 9,8 g kg-1; Mg = 2,3 g kg-1e 2,6 g kg-1; S = 1,4 g kg-1 e 2,7 g kg-1; B = 37,8 mg kg-1 e 18,9 mg kg-1; Fe = 119,9 mg kg-1 e 1.603,9 mg kg-1. As omissões individuais de N, Ca e B foram as mais limitantes para o crescimento vegetativo dessa espécie.

ABSTRACT The areas planted with blackberry trees have expanded in Brazilian subtropical regions, but is still necessary to improve the crop management, especially regarding its nutritional needs, as well as establishing parameters of visual diagnosis of deficiency, what would allow to achieve higher yields. This study aimed to evaluate the visual deficiency and mineral composition of blackberry tree under omission effect of nutrients. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with nine treatments and three replications, corresponding to the cultivation in a complete Hoagland & Arnon’s nutritive solution and in a solution with individual omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and B. The dry matter and chemical composition of shoot and root were evaluated, as well as the visual diagnosis. The nutrient deficiencies in seedlings of blackberry trees were pointed out by typical symptoms, while in the treatment with no nutrients restriction the nutritional contents found respectively in the leaves and roots were N = 11.4 g kg-1 and 16.1 g kg-1; P = 1.3 g kg-1 and 4.2 g kg-1; K = 9.8 g kg-1 and 13.2 g kg-1; Ca = 5.7 g kg-1 and 9.8 g kg-1; Mg = 2.3 g kg-1 and 2.6 g kg-1; S = 1.4 g kg-1 and 2.7 g kg-1; B = 37.8 mg kg-1 and 18.9 mg kg-1; Fe = 119.9 mg kg-1 and 1,603.9 mg kg-1. Individual omissions of N, Ca and B were the most limiting ones for the vegetative growth of this species.

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de omissões de nutrientes na produção de matéria seca e nos parâmetros de crescimento do bastão-do-imperador. O trabalho foi realizado em casa de vegetação da área experimental do Departamento de Ciência do Solo da Universidade Federal de Lavras (Lavras, MG), no período de janeiro de 2007 a janeiro de 2008. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizados com quatro repetições e oito tratamentos: Solução Hoagland & Arnon completa, soluções nutritivas com as omissões de N, de P, de K, de Ca, de Mg, de S e de B. Foram avaliadas a altura das plantas, diâmetro das hastes, número de hastes, número de folhas por hastes e volume da raiz. Posteriormente, as plantas foram divididas em folhas, hastes, rizoma e raiz para determinação da massa de matéria seca de cada parte. A omissão de nutrientes afetou os parâmetros de crescimento das plantas e a produção de matéria seca. Observou-se que o bastão-do-imperador mostrou-se mais exigente em B, K, N, P e S na fase inicial de crescimento do que em Ca e Mg. A redução da matéria seca total das plantas foi influenciada na seguinte ordem: B > K > N > P > S > Mg > Ca.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of simple and multiple nutrient omissions on the dry matter production and growth parameters of torch ginger plants. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions at the Soil Science Department of Federal University of Lavras (Lavras-MG). The experiment was started in January 2007 and lasted for 12 months, following a completely randomized design, with four replicates and eight treatments: Complete Hoagland & Arnon nutrient solution, and nutrient solutions without N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, and B. Plant height, stem diameter, number of stems, number of leaves per stem, and volume of root were evaluated. Subsequently the plants were divided into leaf + pseudostem, rhizome, root and tillers for dry matter determination. The nutrient omissions affected the growth parameters and dry matter production. It was observed that torch ginger is more demanding in B, K, N, P and S at the initial phase of growth rather than in Ca and Mg. The reduction of the total dry matter weight of the plants was affected in the following order: B> K> N> P> S> Mg> Ca.