Abstract: Thinking about power is not the same as exercising it; however, the place where both events converge is in the way words can describe them. The interest and analysis of power as a category that structures reality has been present in various disciplines; each one, with its scope or limits, has sought to define what power is. In this effort, they have used metaphorical expressions that account for the process that allowed the construction of some theories or approaches to the concept. This article unravels and analyzes, through an interdisciplinary exercise that takes metaphorical analysis as its methodological basis, those metaphors present in the works of various authors with two objectives: 1) to discuss and establish some questions about the interdisciplinary nature of the concept “power,” as well as the value of metaphor in its development and 2) to test the methodological approach that is being used on metaphors in political discourse.

Resumen: Pensar el poder no es lo mismo que ejercerlo, sin embargo, existe un lugar donde confluyen ambos acontecimientos, es decir, en la forma de describirlo mediante las palabras. El interés y análisis del poder como categoría que estructura la realidad, ha estado presente en diversas disciplinas; cada una, con sus alcances y límites, ha buscado definir el poder, y en ese esfuerzo han utilizado expresiones metafóricas que dan cuenta del proceso que permitió construir algunas teorías o acercamientos al concepto. Este artículo desentraña y analiza mediante un ejercicio interdisciplinar que toma como base metodológica el análisis metafórico, aquellas metáforas presentes en los trabajos de diversos autores con dos objetivos: 1) discutir y establecer algunas preguntas sobre el carácter interdisciplinario del concepto poder, así como el valor que tiene esta figura retórica en su desarrollo y 2) poner a prueba el acercamiento metodológico que se está utilizando sobre metáforas en el discurso político.

ABSTRACT In 2016, an outbreak of hepatitis A was identified in the Malaga province among patients with specific epidemiological characteristics, which were predominantly males. This is a report of 51 subjects with acute hepatitis A and a mean age of 35.7 years, 90% were male and 55% of cases were men who had had sex with other men within the last two months. Half of them required hospitalization for significant coagulopathy at diagnosis and no cases progressed to fulminant failure or encephalopathy. Four patients had ascites at the time of diagnosis. This outbreak adds to those reported in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands with a similar number of cases and epidemiology. These studies highlight the importance of epidemiological surveillance, the need for vaccination in this particular at risk population and the need for informative campaigns in order to prevent this disease.

RESUMEN En el año 2016 se detectó en la provincia de Málaga un brote de hepatitis A en pacientes con características epidemiológicas especiales, con un predominio de sujetos del sexo masculino. Presentamos 51 casos de hepatitis A aguda con una media de edad de 35,7 años, el 90% varones, con un 55% de casos que reconocían haber mantenido relaciones sexuales con otros hombres en los últimos dos meses. La mitad de ellos requirieron ingreso hospitalario por coagulopatía significativa en el momento del diagnóstico, sin evolución a fallo fulminante, ni encefalopatía en ningún caso. Cuatro casos presentaban ascitis al diagnóstico. Este brote se suma a otros dos publicados en Reino Unido y Holanda con un número de casos similar y epidemiológicamente muy parecidos, lo cual refuerza la importancia de la vigilancia epidemiológica y la necesidad de vacunación en esta población de riesgo, así como de campañas informativas a la población para prevenir la enfermedad.

Abstract The GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes are key molecules in cellular detoxification. Null variants in these genes are associated with increase susceptibility to developing different types of cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes in Mestizo and Amerindian individuals from the Northwestern region of Mexico, and to compare them with those reported worldwide. GSTT1 and GSTM1 null variants were genotyped by multiplex PCR in 211 Mestizos and 211 Amerindian individuals. Studies reporting on frequency of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null variants worldwide were identified by a PubMed search and their geographic distribution were analyzed. We found no significant differences in the frequency of the null genotype for GSTT1 and GSM1 genes between Mestizo and Amerindian individuals. Worldwide frequencies of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes ranges from 0.10 to 0.51, and from 0.11 to 0.67, respectively. Interestingly, in most countries the frequency of the GSTT1 null genotype is common or frequent (76%), whereas the frequency of the GSMT1 null genotype is very frequent or extremely frequent (86%). Thus, ethnic-dependent differences in the prevalence of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null variants may influence the effect of environmental carcinogens in cancer risk.