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Alterações da Rigidez Arterial em Pacientes com Estenose Aórtica Grave Submetidos à Cirurgia de Troca Valvar
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Raimundo, Renata

; Saraiva, Francisca

; Moreira, Raquel

; Moreira, Soraia

; Ferreira, Ana Filipa

; Cerqueira, Rui J.

; Amorim, Mario Jorge

; Pinho, Paulo

; Barros, António Sousa

; Lourenço, André P.

; Leite-Moreira, Adelino

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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mar 2021, Volume 116 N. 3 Pages 475 - 482

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: Pouco se sabe sobre o impacto da estenose aórtica (EA) grave na rigidez aórtica e se ocorre alguma alteração após a remoção da barreira de EA com a cirurgia de substituição da válvula aórtica (SVA). Objetivo: Estimar as mudanças na velocidade de onda de pulso carotídeo-femoral (VOP) após a cirurgia de SVA e definir os preditores de VOP alta em pacientes com EA grave. Métodos: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo unicêntrico, incluindo pacientes com EA grave submetidos à cirurgia de SVA com bioprótese, entre fevereiro de 2017 e janeiro de 2019, e medições da VOP (Complior®) antes e depois do procedimento (2±1 meses). Antes e depois da SVA, os valores da VOP foram comparados por meio de testes pareados. foram analisadas as associações de VOP com dados clínicos, bem como aplicados modelos de regressão linear multivariada para estimar os preditores independentes da VOP pré- e pós-operatória. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: Foram incluídos na amostra 150 pacientes, com média de idade de 72±8 anos, sendo 51% deles do sexo masculino. Identificamos um aumento estatisticamente significativo nos valores de VOP após a cirurgia (9,0 ± 2,1 m/s vs. 9,9 ± 2,2, p<0,001, antes e depois da SVA, respectivamente) e uma associação inversa com as variáveis de gravidade da EA. No modelo de regressão linear multivariada, idade e pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) foram estabelecidas como preditores independentes da VOP pré- e pós-operatória mais alta, enquanto o gradiente valvar médio mais alto foi considerado um determinante da VOP pré-SVA mais baixa. Conclusão: Identificamos uma correlação inversa da rigidez arterial com a gravidade da EA em pacientes acometidos, e um aumento significativo nos valores da VOP após a cirurgia de SVA. Idade avançada e PAS elevada foram associadas a valores mais altos da VOP, embora as medidas de função arterial estivessem dentro da normalidade. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(3):475-476)

Abstract Background: Little is known about the impact of severe aortic stenosis (AS) in aortic stiffness and if there is any change after removing AS barrier with aortic valve replacement (AVR) surgery. Objective: To estimate carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) changes after AVR surgery and to define PWV predictors in severe AS patients. Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort, including patients with severe AS who underwent AVR surgery with bioprostheses, between February 2017 and January 2019 and performed PWV measurements (Complior®) before and after the procedure (2±1 months). Before and after AVR, PWV values were compared through paired tests. The associations of PWV with clinical data were studied and linear regression models were applied to estimate pre and postoperative PWV independent predictors. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: We included 150 patients in the sample, with mean age of 72±8 years, and 51% being males. We found a statistically significant increase in PWV values after surgery (9.0±2.1 m/s vs. 9.9±2.2, p<0.001, before and after AVR, respectively) and an inverse association with AS severity variables. In the linear regression model, age and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were established as independent predictors of higher pre- and postoperative PWV, while higher mean valvular gradient emerged as a determinant of lower pre-AVR PWV. Conclusion: We documented an inverse correlation of arterial stiffness with the severity of AS in patients with AS, and a significant increase in PWV values after AVR surgery. Advanced age and higher SBP were associated with higher PWV values, although arterial function measurements were within the normal range. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(3):475-482)

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190577 285 downloads

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 N. 2 elocation e20201604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

Brazilian legislation on genetic heritage harms Biodiversity Convention goals and threatens basic biology research and education
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ALVES, RUY JOSÉ V.

; WEKSLER, MARCELO

; OLIVEIRA, JOÃO A.

; BUCKUP, PAULO A.

; POMBAL JR., JOSÉ P.

; SANTANA, HÉLCIO R.G.

; PERACCHI, ADRIANO LÚCIO

; KELLNER, ALEXANDER W.A.

; ALEIXO, ALEXANDRE

; LANGGUTH, ALFREDO

; ALMEIDA, ALZIRA MARIA P. DE

; ALBERNAZ, ANA LUISA

; RIBAS, CAMILA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO V.

; ROCHA, CARLOS F.D.

; LAMAS, CARLOS JOSÉ E.

; HADDAD, CÉLIO F.B.

; BONVICINO, CIBELE R.

; PRADO, CYNTHIA P.A.

; LIMA, DANIELA O. DE

; ROSSA-FERES, DENISE C.

; SANTOS, FABRÍCIO R. DOS

; SALIMENA, FÁTIMA REGINA G.

; PERINI, FERNANDO A.

; BOCKMANN, FLÁVIO A.

; FRANCO, FRANCISCO LUÍS

; GIUDICE, GISELE M.L. DEL

; COLLI, GUARINO R.

; VIEIRA, IMA CÉLIA G.

; MARINHO-FILHO, JADER

; WERNECK, JANE M.C.F.

; SANTOS, JORGE A.D. DOS

; NASCIMENTO, JORGE LUIZ DO

; NESSIMIAN, JORGE LUIZ

; CORDEIRO, JOSÉ LUIS P.

; CLARO, KLEBER DEL

; SALLES, LEANDRO O.

; CASATTI, LILIAN

; PY-DANIEL, LUCIA HELENA R.

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; TOLEDO, LUÍS FELIPE

; OLIVEIRA, LUIZ F. DE

; MALABARBA, LUIZ ROBERTO

; SILVA, MARCELO D. DA

; COURI, MÁRCIA S.

; MARTINS, MÁRCIO

; TAVARES, MARCOS D.S.

; SOBRAL, MARCOS EDUARDO G.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINÍCIUS

; OLIVEIRA, MARIA DE LOURDES A.

; PINNA, MÁRIO DE

; HOPKINS, MICHAEL J.G.

; SOLÉ, MIRCO

; MENEZES, NAÉRCIO A.

; PASSOS, PAULO

; D’ANDREA, PAULO SERGIO

; PINTO, PEDRO C.E.A.

; VIANA, PEDRO L.

; TOLEDO, PETER M.

; REIS, ROBERTO E.

; VILELA, ROBERTO

; BASTOS, ROGÉRIO P.

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE G.

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; CASTROVIEJO-FISHER, SANTIAGO

; CARAMASCHI, ULISSES

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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apr 2018, Volume 90 N. 2 Pages 1279 - 1284

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820180460 7311 downloads

Estimating the relative abundance of small mammals when there is no record of catching effort
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Cerqueira, Rui

; Kajin, Maja

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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aug 2015, Volume 32 N. 4 Pages 325 - 327

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Estimates of local population abundances, which require carefully designed sampling procedures, can provide valuable information on population size and density. Even though small mammals are one of the most widely studied vertebrate groups, many surveys have not recorded basic information to estimate local abundances, for instance catching effort. Here we suggest a simple comparative trapping frequency index that can be used as an alternative to the relative abundance index in data sets that only contain the number of species and individuals collected, thus lacking information on sampling effort. To compare trapping frequency and relative abundances we used capture records from more than four years, from seven species of rodents and two marsupial species collected by the Brazilian Plague Service. We calculated the trapping frequency index of each species as the proportion of trapped individuals per total of all individuals caught. We found that this trapping index was significantly correlated with a relative abundance index (number of captured individuals divided by number of trap nights). Our findings suggest that the proposed index may be useful for comparisons in situations where data on catching effort is lacking. The index may also provide a simple, though approximate quantification of relative local abundances, with possible applications in comparative studies (e.g. meta-analysis). We suggest that this index is used in studies that do not focus on obtaining accurate population parameter estimates, but which nonetheless contain data that can still offer a representative measure to compare local population abundances.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702015000400009 2139 downloads

A comparison of abundance estimators for small mammal populations
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Pacheco, Marcelle

; Kajin, Maja

; Gentile, Rosana

; Zangrandi, Priscilla L.

; Vieira, Marcus V.

; Cerqueira, Rui

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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apr 2013, Volume 30 N. 2 Pages 182 - 190

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A major difficulty in the application of probabilistic models to estimations of mammal abundance is obtaining a data set that meets all of the assumptions of the model. In this paper, we evaluated the concordance correlation among three population size estimators, the minimum number alive (MNA), jackknife and the model suggested by the selection algorithm in CAPTURE (the best-fit model), using long-term data on three Brazilian small mammal species obtained from three different studies. The concordance correlation coefficients between the abundance estimates indicated that the probabilistic and enumeration estimators were highly correlated, giving concordant population estimates, except for one species in one of the studies. The results indicate the adequacy of using enumeration estimates as indexes for population size when scarce data do not allow for the use of probabilistic methods. Differences observed in the behavior of enumeration and probabilistic methods among species and studies can be related to the exclusive sampling design of each area, species-specific movement characteristics and whether a significant portion of the population could be sampled.

4337 downloads

Variação na estrutura diamétrica, composição florística e características sucessionais de fragmentos florestais da bacia do rio Guapiaçu (Guapimirim/Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ, Brasil)
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Finotti, Ricardo

; Kurtz, Bruno Coutinho

; Cerqueira, Rui

; Garay, Irene

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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jun 2012, Volume 26 N. 2 Pages 464 - 475

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente trabalho compara a composição e estrutura de assembléias vegetais de fragmentos florestais, com diferentes características em relação ao tipo de propriedades rurais do entorno, tamanho e histórico de uso, com uma área localizada dentro de uma unidade de conservação (área controle), na bacia do rio Guapiaçu. Em cada fragmento foram delimitadas duas parcelas de 50 x 100m, na mesma orientação sudoeste, no interior das quais foram medidos os DAP (Diâmetro Acima do Peito) e altura de todos indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5 cm e identificados até o menor nível taxonômico possível. A densidade, área basal total, riqueza e diversidade foram calculados. As assembléias foram comparadas quanto aos seus valores diâmétricos e proporção de indivíduos em classes de diâmetro. Os parâmetros fitossociológicos foram calculados e as vinte espécies de maior cobertura foram selecionadas com vistas à comparação da composição específica e de suas caracteríticas sucessionais. Todas as assembleías estudadas apresentam alta riqueza e diversidade de espécies, sendo igualmente constatadas, em relação à área controle, diferenças significativas em pelo menos uma das caracteríticas analisadas. Todas apresentam uma menor proporção de indivíduos nas classes diâmetricas maiores e de espécies secundárias tardias que na área controle. No entanto, para algumas delas correspondem valores totais de diâmetro igual ou maiores que os da área controle por conta da maior proporção de indivíduos em classes diâmetricas intermediárias que parece contribuir mais para o aumento desses valores. De forma geral, há maior abundância de espécies pioneiras e secundárias iniciais nos fragmentos florestais, porém a proporção destas categorias sucessionais varia entre eles evidenciando diferenças dos estágios sucessionais em que se encontram. Estas diferenças poderiam estar relacionadas a certa variabilidade dos distúrbios identificados no entorno. Os resultados obtidos aqui sugerem que fragmentos de mata rodeados por pequenas propriedades encontram-se em estágios sucessionais mais inicias e sujeitos a distúrbios mais severos.

This paper presents an analysis of the composition and structure of plant assemblages of forest fragments with different characteristics (in relation to the type of rural properties in the surrounding area, size and disturbance history) and an area located within a Conservation Unit (control area) in the Guapiaçu river basin. In each fragment, two plots of 50 x 100m were delimited to the South and West, the height and DBH of all trees with DBH ≥ 5 cm were measured, and the individuals were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. The density, basal area and diversity were calculated and the DAP values and proportion of individuals in the diameter classes were compared between the assemblages. The phytosociological parameters were also calculated and twenty species of higher coverage indices were selected to compare the species composition and their successional characteristics. All assemblages studied had high species richness and species diversity. However, when compared to the control, all of them had significant differences in at least one of analyzed characteristics. All had a lower proportion of individuals in the largest diameter class and late secondary species. However, these differences did not corresponded to differences in the comparisons of individual DAP values. Some assemblages had DAP values equal to or higher than the control area. In fact, within some fragments, the higher proportion of individuals in the intermediate diameter classes contributes more to the total basal area value. In general, there was a greater abundance of pioneer and early secondary species in the forest fragments, but the proportion of these successional groups varied between them, showing the subtle differences in the successional stages that these fragments are in. These differences could be related to some variability of the environmental disturbances identified. Based on the results, it was found that the forest fragments surrounded by small farms are in initial successional stages and have been subjected to severer disturbances.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062012000200022 3802 downloads

Comparing the effectiveness of tracking methods for medium to large-sized mammals of Pantanal
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Olifiers, Natalie

; Loretto, Diogo

; Rademaker, Vitor

; Cerqueira, Rui

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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apr 2011, Volume 28 N. 2 Pages 207 - 213

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Most Neotropical mammals are not easily observed in their habitats, and few studies have been conducted to compare the performance of methods designed to register their tracks. We compared the effectiveness of track registry between sand plots and two tracking methods that use artificial materials to record tracks: the sooted paper, and the plastic board methods. The latter is described here for the first time. From 2002 to 2005, we conducted two experiments in three study sites in the Pantanal region of Brazil. We compared the artificial methods with the sand plot by registering track presence/absence, the number of identifiable tracks, and the total number of tracks (identifiable and unrecognizable) in each tracking plot. Individuals avoided artificial tracking plots either by not stepping on them or by doing it fewer times than on the sand plots. The use of artificial materials to register mammal tracks resulted in underestimates that are especially relevant to short-term ecological studies. We recommend the use of the traditional sand plot method whenever possible and the development of detailed studies on the efficiency of artificial methods under a variety of environmental conditions and time lengths. Despite their relatively lower efficiency, we believe that artificial methods are useful under specific conditions and may be more efficient if used in more comprehensive sampling efforts.

3288 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

Indices of movement behaviour: conceptual background, effects of scale and location errors
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Almeida, Paulo J. A. L.

; Vieira, Marcus V.

; Kajin, Maja

; Forero-Medina, German

; Cerqueira, Rui

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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oct 2010, Volume 27 N. 5 Pages 674 - 680

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

A fundamental step in the emerging Movement Theory is the description of movement paths, and the identification of its proximate and ultimate drivers. The most common characteristic used to describe and analyze movement paths is its tortuosity, and a variety of tortuosity indices have been proposed in different theoretical or empirical contexts. Here we review conceptual differences between five movement indices and their bias due to locations errors, sample sizes and scale-dependency: Intensity of Habitat use (IU), Fractal D, MSD (Mean Squared Distance), Straightness (ST), and Sinuosity (SI). Intensity of Habitat use and ST are straightforward to compute, but ST is actually an unbiased estimator of oriented search and ballistic movements. Fractal D is less straightforward to compute and represents an index of propensity to cover the plane, whereas IU is the only completely empirical of the three. These three indices could be used to identify different phases of path, and their path tortuosity is a dimensionless feature of the path, depending mostly on path shape, not on the unit of measurement. This concept of tortuosity differs from a concept implied in the sinuosity of BENHAMOU (2004), where a specific random walk movement model is assumed, and diffusion distance is a function of path length and turning angles, requiring their inclusion in a measure of sinuosity. MSD should be used as a diagnostic tool of random walk paths rather than an index of tortuosity. Bias due to location errors, sample size and scale, differs between the indices, as well as the concept of tortuosity implied. These differences must be considered when choosing the most appropriate index.

4858 downloads

Determinants of geographical distribution in Atlantic Forest species of Drymophila (Aves: Thamnophilidae)
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Rajão, Henrique

; Cerqueira, Rui

; Lorini, Maria Lucia

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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feb 2010, Volume 27 N. 1 Pages 19 - 29

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Climate, altitude and vegetation are usually considered as limiting factors in plant and animal distribution. Among vertebrates, climate and vegetation have consistently been considered as major determinants of geographical distributions. Here we analyzed the role of climate and the vegetation in limiting the geographical range of Atlantic Forest species of Drymophila Swainson, 1824 and assessed the performance of discriminant analysis to model the distribution of sympatric taxa. From each empirical point (locality) we recorded the values for nine climatic variables and the type of vegetation. The climatic data were obtained from a climate database elaborated by the Laboratório de Vertebrados and vegetation data from the ecoregions digital map of Latin America. The overlap of the climatic distribution map with the ecoregion map suggested that both factors are important in limiting the geographical range of Drymophila species. The discriminant approach, as applied here, was not satisfactory when compared with similar analysis carried out on parapatric species.

2499 downloads

10.

Diet variation of the marsupials Didelphys aurita and Philander frenatus (Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae) in a rural area of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil
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Ceotto, Paula

; Finotti, Ricardo

; Santori, Ricardo

; Cerqueira, Rui

Mastozoología neotropical

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jun 2009, Volume 16 N. 1 Pages 49 - 58

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

We studied the natural diet of two didelphid marsupial species, Didelphis aurita and Philander frenatus, at a rural area on southeastern Brazil, through fecal sample analysis. Data analysis included intraspecific comparisons (age, gender, and climatic seasons) and interespecific comparisons. Frequencies of food items were compared with other studies to analyze diet differences in a spatial scale. Invertebrates were the most frequent food category found in samples of both species, followed by fruits and vertebrates. There were no differences in the consumption of invertebrates, vertebrates and fruits between sexes in the two species, but both consumed more fruits in more humid months. Juveniles of P. frenatus consumed less vertebrates than adults or subadults. P. frenatus consumed more vertebrates than D. aurita, which exhibited a higher diversity of fruits in its diets. These differences represent an important factor in diminishing intraspecific competition. Among different localities, invertebrates are the more common items in the diet of both species, being a fundamental alimentary resource, whereas fruit consumption seems to be smaller in the areas where water is less available (areas with longer periods or higher hidric deficits), probably reflecting availability of this food resource.

Estudiamos la dieta natural de dos especies de marsupiales Didelfideos, Didelphis aurita y Philander frenatus, en un área rural del sudeste brasilero, a través del análisis de muestras fecales. El análisis de los datos incluyó comparaciones intraespecíficas (edad, género, estaciones climáticas) y comparaciones interespecíficas. Las frecuencias de los ítems alimenticios fueron comparadas con otros estudios para identificar diferencias en la escala espacial. Los invertebrados fueron la categoría más encontrada en las muestras de las dos especies, seguidos por frutos y vertebrados. No hubo diferencias en el consumo de invertebrados, vertebrados y frutos entre los sexos para las dos especies, pero ambas consumieron más frutas en los meses más húmedos. Los juveniles de P. frenatus consumieron menos vertebrados que los adultos o subadultos. Philander frenatus consumió más vertebrados que D. aurita, quien exhibió una mayor diversidad de frutos que P. frenatus en su dieta. Estas diferencias representan un factor importante en la disminución de las competencias interespecífica e intraespecífica. En las diferentes localidades los invertebrados son el ítem más común en las dietas de las dos especies, siendo un recurso fundamental, mientras que el consumo de frutos parece ser menor en áreas con una menor disponibilidad de agua (áreas con periodos de sequía mayores o mayor déficit hídrico), posiblemente reflejando la disponibilidad de este recurso.

737 downloads Cited 4 times in SciELO

11.

Nine-year demography of the black-eared opossum Didelphis aurita (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) using life tables
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Kajin, Maja

; Cerqueira, Rui

; Vieira, Marcus V.

; Gentile, Rosana

Revista Brasileira de Zoologia

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jun 2008, Volume 25 N. 2 Pages 206 - 213

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Uma população de gambás, Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied 1826, foi estudada de 1997 a 2006 por captura, marcação e recaptura numa área de Mata Atlântica no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram estabelecidas coortes, incluindo apenas fêmeas marcadas ainda no marsúpio, classificando-as em cinco classes etárias. Os parâmetros populacionais foram calculados através de tábuas de vida horizontais. A maior mortalidade ocorreu entre as classes etárias I e II, logo após o desmame, sendo que a sobrevivência apresentou uma curva do tipo III. A taxa de fecundidade foi inversamente correlacionada com a sobrevida, o valor reprodutivo inversamente correlacionado com a mortalidade e o valor reprodutivo residual inversamente correlacionado com a taxa de fecundidade. A taxa intrínseca de crescimento sempre esteve próxima de zero, porem ligeiramente negativa. O gambá mostrou-se um bom modelo de mamífero para este tipo de estudo.

A population of the black-eared opossum, Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied 1826, was studied during 1997-2006 by capture-mark-recapture in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Cohorts were established with females marked still in the pouch, classified into five age classes. Population parameters were estimated using life tables. Survival was type III and mortality was greatest in age classes I and II, just after weaning. Fecundity was inversely correlated with survival, reproductive value was inversely correlated with mortality and residual reproductive value was inversely correlated with fecundity. The intrinsic rate of increase was always close to zero and tended to be slightly negative. The black-eared opossum can be considered a good model species for this type of study.

4578 downloads Cited 3 times in SciELO

12.

Abrawayaomys ruschii Cunha & Cruz, 1979 (Rodentia, Cricetidae) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Pereira, Luciana Guedes

; Geise, Lena

; Cunha, André Almeida

; Cerqueira, Rui

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2008, Volume 48 N. 5 Pages 33 - 40

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Abrawayaomys ruschii é considerada como espécie rara devido à escassez de amostras em coleções científicas e em listas de faunas publicadas, dificultando qualquer proposta de classificação supragenérica entre os Sigmodontinae. Aqui apresentamos um novo registro de A. ruschii, sendo o primeiro para o estado do Rio de Janeiro (Aldeia Sapucai - Terra Indígena do Bracuí, Angra dos Reis). Por causa do pequeno número de exemplares existente não é possível definir uma distribuição geográfica precisa, entretanto, todas as localidades conhecidas estão em diferentes ecorregiões da Mata Atlântica. O espécime aqui reportado foi capturado em clareira com bambús na borda de uma floresta contínua aparentemente madura. O cariótipo de A. ruschii revelou um número diplóide igual de 58 cromossomos, com 25 pares de cromossomos acrocêntricos e quatro pares de cromossomos com dois braços (metacêntricos e submetacêntricos).

Abrawayaomys ruschii is considered as a rare species due the scarcity of samples in scientific collections and in published lists, being difficult to assign it to any proposed suprageneric classification among the Sigmodontinae. We report here a new record of A. ruschii, the first for this species in the Rio de Janeiro state (Aldeia Sapucai - Terra Indígena do Bracuí, Angra dos Reis). Because of the small sample size it is not possible to define a precise geographic range, but the known localities in Brazil are in different ecoregions of the Atlantic forest. The present specimen was captured in a secondary forest habitat, near a mature forest. The karyotype revealed a diploid number of 58 chromosomes, with 25 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes, and four biarmed (metacentric and submetacentric) pairs of chromosomes.

3783 downloads Cited 2 times in SciELO

13.

Distribuição altitudinal e simpatria das aves do gênero Drymophila Swainson (Passeriformes, Thamnophilidae) na Mata Atlântica
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Rajão, Henrique

; Cerqueira, Rui

Revista Brasileira de Zoologia

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sep 2006, Volume 23 N. 3 Pages 597 - 607

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Foram descritas e analisadas as distribuições altitudinais das seis espécies de Drymophila Swainson, 1824, endêmicas da Mata Atlântica e identificados e discutidos os casos de simpatria. Para isso, foram usados dois conjuntos de dados, um em escala local (a Serra dos Órgãos, um segmento da Serra do Mar no Estado do Rio de Janeiro) e outro em escala regional (Mata Atlântica). Os registros e as altitudes na Serra dos Órgãos foram obtidos diretamente no campo enquanto que os dados da Mata Atlântica foram obtidos principalmente a partir de exemplares depositados em museus de história natural. Os dois conjuntos de dados mostraram um padrão similar de distribuição altitudinal das espécies: D. squamata (Lichtenstein, 1823) e D. ferruginea (Temminck, 1822) nas menores altitudes, D. malura (Temminck, 1825), D. ochropyga (Hellmayr, 1906) e D. rubricollis (Bertoni, 1901) com limites altitudinais semelhantes entre si e intermediários em relação às demais espécies e D. genei (Filippi, 1847), restrita às maiores altitudes. A maior parte das localidades na Mata Atlântica e pontos de observação na Serra dos Órgãos apresenta apenas uma ou duas espécies. Isso sugere que, embora possam ocorrer nas mesmas áreas ou localidades, as espécies tendem a se excluir. Drymophila squamata e D. malura foram as espécies que menos vezes ocorreram em simpatria proporcionalmente, nas duas escalas de análise. A simpatria entre as espécies irmãs D. ochropyga-D. genei e D. ferruginea-D. rubricollis ocorreu em localidades nas Serras do Mar e da Mantiqueira, sempre em faixas altitudinais estreitas, nunca superiores a 300 m de intervalo.

The elevational distribution of Atlantic forest Drymophila Swainson, 1824 was analyzed and sympatry cases were identified and discussed. Two data sets were used, one with local scale data (a portion of Serra do Mar called Serra dos Órgãos, in Rio de Janeiro state) and other with regional scale data (Atlantic forest). The Serra dos Órgãos records and elevations were obtained in the field while Atlantic forest data were compiled mainly following a survey of specimens deposited in natural history museums. Both data sets showed a similar pattern of elevational distribution: D. squamata (Lichtenstein, 1823) and D. ferruginea (Temminck, 1822) at lower elevations, D. malura (Temminck, 1825), D. ochropyga (Hellmayr, 1906) and D. rubricollis (Bertoni, 1901) all with similar, intermediate, elevational limits and D. genei (Filippi, 1847), at higher elevations. Most localities and observation stations presented only one or two species, suggesting that species tend to exclude each other spatially. In comparison, D. squamata and D. malura were the species with the lowest degree of mutual sympatry, probably reflecting distinct habitat preferences in relation to the other Drymophila species. Sympatry between sister species D. ochropyga-D. genei and D. ferruginea-D. rubricollis was observed at Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira localities, along narrow elevational bands, never wider than 300 m.

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14.

Determinantes da distribuição geográfica de Callithrix flaviceps (Thomas) (Primates, Callitrichidae)
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Grelle, Carlos E. V.

; Cerqueira, Rui

Revista Brasileira de Zoologia

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jun 2006, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 414 - 420

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O clima e a vegetação são conhecidos determinantes das distribuições geográficas de várias espécies de mamíferos. Neste estudo foi testada a importância do clima e da vegetação como fatores limitantes da distribuição geográfica do sagui Callithrix flaviceps (Thomas, 1903). As análises com o clima foram feitas a partir de nove fatores climáticos, estimados para cada localidade de ocorrência da espécie em estudo. Métodos não lineares (regressão logística) foram usados para modelar a distribuição geográfica a partir dos dados climáticos. As análises de vegetação foram feitas a partir do mapa digital das eco-regiões. A sobreposição dos modelos de distribuição climática com os mapas dos tipos de eco-regiões sugeriram que estes dois fatores são limitantes na distribuição geográfica de Callithrix flaviceps. Foi ainda discutida a importância das interações interespecíficas como limitantes da distribuição geográfica de Callithrix flaviceps.

The climate and the vegetation are known determinant of the geographical range of several species of mammals. Here it was analized the role of the climate and the vegetation as limits of geographical range of the marmosets Callithrix flaviceps (Thomas, 1903). For each locality of occurrence, averages estimates of nine climatic variables and ecoregion data were recorded. A non-linear method (logistic regression) was used to model the climatic geographical distribution. Vegetation analysis was done with data from the digital map of ecoregions. The overlap of the climatic distribution map with ecoregion map suggested that both factors have importance in the limits of the geographical range of C. flaviceps. The role of interspecific interactions as limits to geographical range of C. flaviceps is also discussed.

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15.

Classes de desenvolvimento em marsupiais: um método para animais vivos
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Macedo, Joana

; Loretto, Diogo

; Vieira, Marcus Vinícius

; Cerqueira, Rui

Mastozoología neotropical

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jun 2006, Volume 13 N. 1 Pages 133 - 136

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

764 downloads Cited 6 times in SciELO

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