Abstract This work evaluated polyurethane (Polyquil®) as a graft for treatment of bone defects. Bone defects of 1.5 × 0.5 cm were made in the calvaria of 16 rabbits. Eight animals had their defects treated with Polyurethane (Treated) and 8 of them had their defects filled with blood clot (Control). In the second experiment, segmental defects of 0.5 cm were performed at the zygomatic arch of 16 rabbits. Eight animals were treated by guided bone regeneration, using a latex membrane, associated to grafting of polyurethane while the others were not treated (Control). The bone tissue morphometry in the craniotomy experiment resulted in a higher bone volume in the Treated group at 60 days (p <0.05, t student test). Microscopic and radiographic images demonstrate the formation of a bone bridge in the segmental defect, 60 and 120 days after surgery in the Treated group, different from the Control group with incomplete healing.

The tissue reaction of bone tissue accessed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images after polyurethane resin implantation is presented in this study. Twenty four male rabbits were used, divided into two groups of 12 animals each (experimental group and control group) in which full-thickness cranial defect was surgically created. At 30 and 90 days post operation 6 animals of each group were euthanized and bone samples were removed for analysis. The microscopic results indicated no inflammatory foreign body reaction, a perfect union between the polymer and surgical bone bed surface, lack of bone resorption and presence of a thin layer of osteogenic material covering the polymer surface in contact with the surgical bone bed. The SEM images demonstrate the porosity of the resin, with diameters from 120 to 500 µm. This important feature of this polymer is associated with its osteoconductivity, allowing the bone growth inside it, improving the integration between the material and bone tissue. These results confirm that polyurethane resin derived from Ricinuscommunis is an excellent bone substitute for use in repair surgery for great bone losses.

No presente estudo avaliou-se o efeito fungitóxico do detergente derivado do óleo da mamona (Ricinus communis) sobre o desenvolvimento dos fitopatógenos: Pyricularia grisea, Fusarium graminearum e Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Seis concentrações do detergente (12,5mL L-1 a 300mL L-1) foram, individualmente, incorporadas ao Meio Basal; a seguir, após inoculação fúngica, o crescimento radial dos micélios foi avaliado. A inibição total do desenvolvimento de C. lindemuthianum e P. grisea foi observada entre as concentrações de 50mL L-1 e 200mL L-1, respectivamente. Com base no crescimento miceliano das colônias de F. graminearum, a atividade antifúngica do detergente do óleo da mamona (DOM) determinou inibição variável entre 79,4 e 91% para a raça F2 e entre 80,7 e 90,7% para a raça F4. O detergente, nas concentrações de 100 a 300mL L-1, inibiu em 100% a germinação de conídios de F. graminearum (raças F-4 e F-2). Os resultados demonstram nítida atividade antifúngica do detergente derivado do óleo da mamona sobre fitopatógenos.

In the present study the fungitoxic effect of the castor oil plant detergent (Ricinus communis) on the development of the phytopathogens Pyricularia grisea, Fusarium graminearum and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum was evaluated. Six concentrations of the detergent (12.5mL L-1 to 300mL L-1) had been, individually, incorporated to the Basal Medium. After fungi inoculations, the radial growth of mycelia were evaluated. Detergent at 50mL L-1 and 200mL L-1 inhibited completely the development of P. grisea and C. lindemuthianum, respectively. On the basis of the mycelial growth of F. graminearum, the fungitoxic activity of the castor oil plant detergent (DOM) determined inhibition in the range of 79.4 and 91% for the F2 race and 80.7 and 90.7% for the F4 race. Detergent at the concentrations of 100mL L-1 to 300mL L-1 inhibited in 100% the F. graminearum germination conidia (races F-4 and F-2). Results demonstrate the fungitoxic activity of the castor oil plant detergent on phytopathogenic fungi.