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ABSTRACT Despite being subject to lower AIDS-related mortality rates and having a higher life expectancy, patients with HIV are more prone to develop non-AIDS events. A low CD4+/CD8+ ratio during antiretroviral therapy identifies people with heightened immune senescence and increased risk of mortality. In clinical practice, finding determinants of a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio may be useful for identifying patients who require close monitoring due to an increased risk of comorbidities and death. We performed a prospective study on the evolution of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in 60 patients infected with HIV (80% males), who were subjected to two different antiretroviral regimens: early and deferred therapy. The initial CD4+/CD8+ ratio was ≤1 for 70% of the patients in both groups. Older age, CD4+ cell count at inclusion, Nadir CD8+T-cell count, and Initial CD4+/CD8+ ratio ≤ 1 were risk factors for lack of ratio recovery. In the multivariate analysis, a CD4+/CD8+ ratio > 1 at the start of the treatment was found to be a determinant factor in maintaining a CD4+/CD8+ ratio > 1. The nadir CD4+T-cell count was lower in the deferred therapy group (p=0.004), and the last CD4+/CD8+ ratio ≤1 was not associated with comorbidities. Ratio recovery was not associated with the duration of HIV infection, time without therapy, or absence of AIDS incidence. A greater improvement was observed in patients treated early (p=0.003). In contrast, the slope of increase was slower in patients who deferred treatment. In conclusion, the increase in the CD4+/CD8+ ratio occurred mostly for patients undergoing early strategy treatment and its extension did not seem to be related to previous HIV-related factors. AIDSrelated expectancy nonAIDS non events CD4CD8 CDCD CD4 CD8 CD CD4+/CD8 practice death 6 80% 80 (80 males, males , males) regimens 70 groups age inclusion CD8+Tcell CD8Tcell CDTcell CD8+T T analysis CD4+Tcell CD4Tcell CD4+T p=0.004, p0004 p p=0.004 0 004 (p=0.004) infection incidence p=0.003. p0003 p=0.003 . 003 (p=0.003) contrast conclusion HIVrelated CD4CD CD4+/CD 8 (8 7 Tcell CD8T CDT CD4T p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.004 (p=0.003 ( p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466007

Novel approaches for HTLV-1 therapy: innovative applications of CRISPR-Cas9 HTLV1 HTLV 1 HTLV- therapy CRISPRCas9 CRISPRCas CRISPR Cas9 Cas CRISPR-Cas
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Domingues, Wilson

; Folgosi, Victor Ângelo

; Sanabani, Sabri Saeed

; Leite Junior, Pedro Domingos

; Assone, Tatiane

; Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2024, Volume 66 elocation e48

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the Retroviridae family, genus Deltaretro, and infects approximately five to 10 million people worldwide. Although a significant number of individuals living with HTLV-1 remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, some develop one or more severe clinical conditions, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), a progressive and debilitating disease, and/or a subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with a more threatening course known as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Moreover, current therapeutic options are limited and focus primarily on treating symptoms and controlling viral latency. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing is proposed as a promising tool to address the intricate links associated with HTLV-1. By targeting or silencing key genes during initial infection and dysregulating immune signaling pathways, CRISPR-Cas9 offers potential intervention opportunities. In this review, we address the therapeutic potential of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, as well as examine the primary mechanisms involved in editing potential target genes and discuss the existing evidence in the current scientific literature. Tcell T cell HTLV1 HTLV (HTLV-1 singlestranded single stranded positivesense positive sense family Deltaretro worldwide HTLV- lives conditions HTLV1associated HTLVassociated myelopathytropical myelopathy tropical HAM/TSP, HAMTSP HAM/TSP , HAM TSP (HAM/TSP) disease andor nonHodgkins non Hodgkin s leukemialymphoma leukemia ATLL. ATLL . (ATLL) Moreover latency CRISPRCas9 CRISPRCas CRISPR Cas9 Cas CRISPR-Cas HTLV1. 1. pathways opportunities review literature (HTLV- (HAM/TSP (ATLL (HTLV

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466048

Unraveling clinical outcomes of long-term cART treatment in HIV-1 patients with or without the Brazilian GWGR motif in the V3 loop longterm long term HIV1 HIV 1 HIV- V
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Folgosi, Victor Ângelo

; Komninakis, Shirley Vasconcelos

; Lopes, Luciano

; Monteiro, Mariana Amélia

; Assone, Tatiane

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Domingues, Wilson

; Leite Junior, Pedro Domingos

; Victor, Jefferson Russo

; Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2024, Volume 66 elocation e38

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The presence of genetic mutations in HIV poses a significant challenge, potentially leading to antiretroviral resistance and hampering therapeutic development. The Brazilian population has presented variations in the HIV envelope V3 loop gene, especially the GWGR motif. This motif has been linked to reduced transmission potential and slower CD4+ T cell decline. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes in patients with HIV-1 infected with strains containing the GWGR motif compared with those without it during long-term cART. A cohort of 295 patients with HIV was examined for the GWGR motif presence in the V3 loop. A total of 58 samples showed the GWGR signature, while 237 had other signatures. Multifactorial analyses showed no significant differences in demographic characteristics, CD4+ cell count, AIDS progression, or mortality between GWGR carriers and others. However, the mean interval between the first positive HIV test and the initial AIDS-defining event was more than two times longer for women carrying the GWGR signature (p = 0.0231). We emphasize the positive impact of cART on HIV/AIDS treatment, including viral suppression, CD4+ cell preservation, and immune function maintenance. Although no significant differences were found during cART, residual outcomes reflecting adherence challenges were observed between diagnosis and the first AIDS-defining event. The previously described outcomes, highlighting statistically significant differences between individuals carrying the GPGR motif compared with those with the Brazilian GWGR motif, may be directly linked to the natural progression of infection before advancements in cART. Presently, these physicochemical aspects may no longer hold the same relevance. challenge development V gene CD4 CD decline HIV1 1 HIV- longterm long term 29 5 23 signatures characteristics count others However AIDSdefining defining p 0.0231. 00231 0.0231 . 0 0231 0.0231) HIVAIDS treatment suppression preservation maintenance Presently relevance 2 0023 0.023 023 002 0.02 02 00 0.0 0.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202466038

Prevalence of cognitive impairment in HIV patients: vertical and horizontal transmission
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Gascón, Maria Rita Polo

; Terra, Cauê Peter da Cruz

; Guerra, Hestela de Lima

; Gualqui, Carolina Fernandes

; Lucia, Mara Cristina Souza De

; Benute, Glaucia Rosana Guerra

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Casseb, Jorge

; Vidal, Jose Ernesto

; Oliveira, Augusto César Penalva de

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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mar 2022, Volume 16 N. 1 Pages 45 - 51

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO. O tratamento antirretroviral tem aumentado significativamente a sobrevida de pacientes contaminados pelo HIV-1. Entretanto, com o aumento da sobrevida, observam-se frequentemente alterações cognitivas associadas ao HIV nessa população. As manifestações clínicas das alterações do HIV podem variar em decorrência de diversos aspectos, entre eles a via de transmissão do vírus. Diversos estudos têm apontado alterações neurológicas prematuras em pacientes contaminados por via vertical, enquanto a manifestação de danos cognitivos em adultos pode levar um tempo maior. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência das alterações cognitivas em pacientes com HIV via transmissão vertical após a era da terapia antirretroviral altamente ativa e o desempenho cognitivo desses pacientes comparado ao de um grupo de pacientes contaminados por via sexual. Métodos: Foram avaliados 48 pacientes, sendo 25 com transmissão vertical e 23 com transmissão sexual no período entre maio de 2013 e fevereiro de 2015, no Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas. Foram aplicados testes neuropsicológicos para avaliar o desempenho cognitivo, escalas para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a frequência de comprometimento cognitivo em pacientes contaminados via transmissão vertical foi maior do que naqueles contaminados via transmissão sexual. Conclusões: Essas descobertas sugerem que os efeitos deletérios do vírus HIV na formação do sistema nervoso central repercutem de forma mais acentuada do que em pacientes que o adquiriram após a vida adulta.

ABSTRACT. Antiretroviral treatment has significantly increased the survival of patients infected with HIV-1. However, with increased survival, cognitive changes associated with HIV are frequently observed in this population. The clinical manifestations of HIV changes can vary as a result of several aspects, including the virus transmission route. Several studies have pointed out premature neurological changes in vertically infected patients, while the manifestation of cognitive damage in adults may take a longer time. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of cognitive changes in patients with HIV via vertical transmission after the highly active antiretroviral therapy and the cognitive performance of these patients compared to a group of sexually infected patients. Methods: A total of 48 patients were evaluated, 25 with vertical transmission and 23 with sexual transmission, between May 2013 and February 2015 at the Institute of infectology Emilio Ribas. Neuropsychological tests were applied to assess cognitive performance, scales to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression, and sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The results demonstrate that the frequency of cognitive impairment in vertically transmitted patients was higher than in sexually transmitted patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the deleterious effects of the HIV virus on the development of the central nervous system reverberate more strongly than in patients who acquire it after adulthood.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2021-0023

The role of IFN-γ production during retroviral infections: an important cytokine involved in chronic inflammation and pathogenesis
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Cordeiro, Patrícia Azevedo Soares

; Assone, Tatiane

; Prates, Gabriela

; Tedeschi, Marcia Regina Martinez

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e64

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plays a crucial role in viral infections by preventing viral replication and in the promotion of innate and adaptive immune responses. However, IFN-gamma can exert distinct effects in different persistent viral infections. The long-term overproduction of IFN-γ in retroviral infections, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), resulting in inflammation, may cause neuronal damage. This review is provocative about the role of IFN-γ during persistent retroviral infections and its relationship with the causation of some neurological disorders that are important for public health.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264064

Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation among persons living with HIV/AIDS in São Paulo city, Brazil
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Almeida-Afonso, Rosa

; Finamor, Danilo

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto M.

; Veiga, Ana P. Rocha

; Monteiro, Mariana A.

; Magri, Marcello

; Duarte, Alberto JS

; Casseb, Jorge

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2021, Volume 25 N. 3 elocation 101598

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hypovitaminosis D is now considered a pandemic, especially among more vulnerable populations and in HIV-infected subjects, with 80% presenting levels below 30 ng/mL. As there is no consensus on the more adequate dosage needed to correct such deficiency, the objective of this study was to evaluate 25 (OH) vitamin D supplementation in HIV-1 patients deficient of vitamin D. A total of 73 HIV-1-infected patients were included, drawn from a cohort of 435 patients; 37 patients were randomized to the active group, supplemented once a week with 50,000 UI vitamin D by mouth (group 1) and 36 to the placebo group (group 2). The study period ranged from June 2016 to September 2017. Variables involved in vitamin D metabolism and risk factors associated with hypovitaminosis were evaluated. The mean age was 45 years and 31.5 % were women. Vitamin D supplementation was effective in normalizing serum levels after six months in group 1 (mean 35 ng/mL compared to 21 ng/mL for the placebo group; p= 0.04). No patient reached blood levels considered toxic (>100 UI). Efavirenz use can negatively influence vitamin D levels and supplementation is necessary as a likely adjunct to improving CD4+ T cells, resulting in greater effectiveness of the treatment. A weekly oral dose of 50,000 IU of vitamin D was sufficient to normalize the vitamin deficiency, safely and with good adherence among persons living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101598 39 downloads

Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV)
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Rosadas, Carolina

; Brites, Carlos

; Arakaki-Sánchez, Denise

; Casseb, Jorge

; Ishak, Ricardo

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2021, Volume 30 N. spe1 elocation e2020605

Abstract: Pt Es En | Text: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumo O artigo aborda a infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (human T lymphotropic virus, HTLV), tema contemplado no Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, publicado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. A infecção pelo HTLV-1/2 é um problema de saúde pública mundial, sendo o Brasil o país a referir o maior número de indivíduos convivendo com o vírus. O HTLV-1 causa diversas manifestações clínicas, de natureza neoplásica, como a leucemia/linfoma de células T do adulto, e de natureza inflamatória, a exemplo da mielopatia associada ao HTLV-1 e outras alterações, como uveíte, artrite e dermatite infecciosa. Estas patologias apresentam elevada morbimortalidade e impactam negativamente a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos infectados. A presente revisão inclui informações relevantes para gestores e profissionais de saúde sobre os mecanismos de transmissão viral, diagnóstico, tratamento e acompanhamento de indivíduos vivendo com o HTLV-1/2 no Brasil.

Resumen El artículo está relacionado con el capítulo sobre virus linfotrópico de células T humanas (human T lymphotropic virus, HTLV) que conforma el Protocolo Clínico y Directrices Terapéuticas para la Atención Integral a Personas con Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, publicado por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil. La infección por HTLV-1/2 es un problema de salud pública en el mundo y Brasil tiene el mayor número de personas que viven con el virus. El HTLV-1 causa varias manifestaciones clínicas, de naturaleza neoplásica (leucemia/linfoma de células T adultas), y de naturaleza inflamatoria, como la mielopatía asociada al HTLV-1 y otras manifestaciones como la uveítis, la artritis y la dermatitis infecciosa. Estas patologías tienen una alta morbilidad y mortalidad e impactan negativamente en la calidad de vida de las personas infectadas. Esta revisión incluye información relevante para gerentes y profesionales de la salud sobre los mecanismos de transmisión viral, diagnóstico, tratamiento y monitoreo de personas que viven con HTLV-1 y 2 en Brasil.

Abstract This manuscript is related to the chapter about human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) that is part of the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections, published by the Brazilian Health Ministry. HTLV-1/2 infection is a worldwide public health problem and Brazil has the largest number of individuals living with the virus. HTLV-1 causes a variety of clinical manifestations of a neoplastic nature, such as adult leukemia/T-cell lymphoma, and also of an inflammatory nature, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, as well as other manifestations such as uveitis, arthritis and infective dermatitis. These pathologies have high morbidity and mortality and negatively impact the quality of life of infected individuals. This review includes relevant information for health service managers and workers regarding virus transmission modes, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of individuals living with HTLV-1 and 2 in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-497420200006000015.esp1

Protocolo Brasileiro para Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis 2020: infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV)
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Rosadas, Carolina

; Brites, Carlos

; Arakaki-Sánchez, Denise

; Casseb, Jorge

; Ishak, Ricardo

Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde

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2021, Volume 30 N. spe1 elocation e2020605

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-497420200006000015.esp1 1488 downloads

Prevalence of infection by human T Cell lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1/2) in adult population in Vitoria-ES
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Orletti, Maria P.S

; Assone, Tatiane

; Sarnaglia, Glenia Daros

; Martins, Marina Lobato

; Rosadas, Carolina

; Casseb, Jorge

; Taylor, Graham

; Ferreira-Filho, Joaquim B

; Pereira, Fausto E.L

; Miranda, Angélica Espinosa

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2021, Volume 25 N. 5 elocation 101631

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Introduction: Brazil has a high number of HTLV-1/2 infections which are unequally distributed in the country. Most prevalence studies have focused on specific populations, such as blood donors and pregnant women. Some areas, for example the state of Bahia, have robust information about HTLV-1/2 infection, however there is no information available about this infection in the general population of Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Objective: To determine the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection in adults from the municipality of Vitoria, ES. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed from September 2010 to December 2011, in individuals of both sexes, aged 18 or older living in Vitoria-ES. Venous blood samples were collected and tested for anti-HTLV-1/2 antibodies by chemiluminescent immunoassay (CMIA). Individuals with CMIA reactive results were submitted to a new blood collection for retesting by CMIA, followed by PCR to confirm infection and discriminate the viral type. Results: From 1502 tested samples, eight were reactive in CMIA and all were confirmed by PCR. Therefore, the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 was 0.53% (8/1502, 95% CI: 0.2-1.0%). The infection rate was 0.7% in men (5/711, 95% CI: 0.17-1.51%), and 0.38% in women (3/791, 95% CI: 0 -0.81%). Conclusions: The prevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection was 0.53% (8/1502; 95% CI: 0.2 -0.9%). Confirmatory test using real-time PCR (qPCR) identified seven individuals positive for HTLV-1 and one for HTLV-2. Considering the risk of infected individuals to develop high morbidity and mortality diseases, it would be important to implement public health policies aimed at stopping transmission of these viruses in this municipality. 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101631

10.

Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection
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Rosadas, Carolina

; Brites, Carlos

; Arakaki-Sanchez, Denise

; Casseb, Jorge

; Ishak, Ricardo

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 Suppl. 1 elocation e2020605

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This article addresses the Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV). This subject comprises the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. HTLV-1/2 infection is a public health problem globally, and Brazil has the largest number of individuals living with the virus. HTLV-1 causes several clinical manifestations of neoplasm (adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) and inflammatory nature, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy and other manifestations such as uveitis, arthritis, and infective dermatitis. These pathologies have high morbidity and mortality and negatively impact the quality of life of infected individuals. This review includes relevant information for health authorities professionals regarding viral transmission, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of individuals living with HTLV-1 and 2 in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-605-2020 406 downloads

11.

Small cells lung epidermoid carcinoma in a HTLV1-infected patient: case report and literature review
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Dahy, Flávia Esper

; Palhares, Renata Basic

; Assone, Tatiane

; Smid, Jerusa

; Moura, João Victor Luisi de

; Haziot, Michel E. J.

; Marcusso, Rosa Maria N.

; Oliveira, Augusto César Penalva de

; Casseb, Jorge

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2021, Volume 63 elocation e35

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first human retrovirus discovered. Since then, it has spread worldwide and is mainly associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV1-associated myelopathy (HAM). Its relationship, however, with other types of cancer is controversial. We describe the case of a patient presenting with small cells lung epidermoid carcinoma who had recently developed HAM, and a review of the literature related to these conditions. This is the first case of this type of lung cancer, the same of the first description in the literature, associated with HAM outside Japan.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163035 424 downloads

12.

Association between changes in body fat distribution, biochemical profile, time of HIV diagnosis, and antiretroviral treatment in adults living with and without virus infection
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Soares, Lismeia Raimundo

; Menezes, Gabriella Coelho

; Barreto, Ana Paula Menna

; Sant’Anna, Mônica de Souza Lima

; Cardoso, Nadir Machado Alves

; Casseb, Jorge Simão do Rosário

; Fonseca, Fernando Luiz Affonso

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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jan 2020, Volume 66 N. 1 Pages 67 - 73

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVOS Indivíduos vivendo com HIV parecem mais propensos às alterações na redistribuição da gordura corporal, caracterizada como lipodistrofia, podendo acontecer em conjunto com as metabólicas. No presente estudo avaliaram-se tais impactos em adultos com e sem HIV e se associou ao tempo de diagnóstico do vírus e tratamento com antirretroviral. MÉTODOS Estudo tipo transversal, com 123 adultos, no qual 87 tinham HIV e 36 sem HIV, de ambos os sexos, em seguimento ambulatorial no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado (SAE) em Macaé - RJ. Foram feitos: 1) Alteração na distribuição da gordura corporal, mensurados por parâmetros antropométricos e lipodistrofia autorreferida; 2) Perfil bioquímico; 3) Associação entre tempo diagnóstico do HIV e tratamento com antirretroviral. RESULTADOS Incluíram-se 54,47% (n=67) do sexo masculino, 45,52% (n=56) do feminino, com média de idade de 37 anos. Destes, 87 eram pessoas vivendo com HIV, 29% (n=25) possuíam lipodistrofia autorreferida; tempo médio de infecção pelo vírus e tratamento antirretroviral (5,80±4,56 e 5,14±3,82 anos), respectivamente. Os pacientes com lipodistrofia autorreferida tiveram maior alteração na distribuição da gordura corporal entre 3-6 anos de diagnóstico do HIV e um perfil colesterolêmico negativo. O tempo de tratamento com antirretroviral influenciou o colesterol total e os triglicerídeos, mesmo para os pacientes sem lipodistrofia autorreferida, com mais de nove anos sob tratamento. CONCLUSÃO Neste estudo, o perfil colesterolêmico negativo se relacionou principalmente ao tempo de tratamento com antirretroviral, mesmo para os pacientes sem lipodistrofia autorreferida e as alterações na distribuição da gordura corporal, mensuradas por antropometria, se associaram especialmente ao tempo de infecção pelo HIV naqueles com lipodistrofia autorreferida.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES Individuals living with HIV seem to be more prone to changes in the redistribution of body fat, characterized as lipodystrophy, which may occur in conjunction with metabolic diseases. In the present study, such impacts were assessed in adults with and without HIV and associated with the time of virus diagnosis and treatment with antiretroviral. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 123 adults, in which 87 had HIV and 36 without HIV, of both sexes, in outpatient follow-up at the Specialized Care Service (SAE) in Macaé-RJ. The following were made: 1) Alteration in body fat distribution, measured by anthropometric parameters and self-reported lipodystrophy; 2) Biochemical profile; 3) Association between HIV diagnosis time and antiretroviral treatment. RESULTS 54.47% (n = 67) males, 45.52% (n = 56) females, mean age 37 years. Of these 87 were people living with HIV, 29% (n = 25) had self-reported lipodystrophy, mean time of virus infection, and antiretroviral treatment (5.80 ± 4.56 and 5.14 ± 3.82 years), respectively. Patients with self-reported lipodystrophy had a greater change in body fat distribution between 3-6 years of HIV diagnosis and a negative cholesterol profile. The antiretroviral treatment time influenced total cholesterol and triglycerides, even for patients without self-reported lipodystrophy, with a further nine years under treatment. CONCLUSION In this study, the negative cholesterol profile was mainly related to antiretroviral treatment time, even for patients without self-reported lipodystrophy, and changes in body fat distribution, measured by anthropometry, was especially associated with time for HIV infection in those with lipodystrophy self-reported.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.1.67 998 downloads

13.

Fighting HIV/AIDS in a developing country: lessons from a small cohort from the largest Brazilian city
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Casseb, Jorge

; Veiga, Ana Paula R.

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Monteiro, Mariana A.

; Rocha, Rosana C.

; Gascon, Maria Rita P.

; Domingues-Ferreira, Mauricio

; Polis, Thales J. B.

; Nascimento, Najara A. de Lima

; Limongelli, Isadora

; Oliveira, Ícaro S.

; Prandi, Gabriela Caetano

; Costa, Livia M. C. B. Villares

; Fonseca, Luiz A. M.

; Duarte, Alberto J. S.

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e58

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062058 221 downloads

14.

Memory impairment: an intermediate clinical syndrome symptom in HTLV-1-infected patients?
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GASCON, Maria Rita

; HAZIOT, Michel E

; ASSONE, Tatiane

; FONSECA, Luiz Augusto M

; SMID, Jerusa

; OLIVEIRA, Augusto César Penalva de

; CASSEB, Jorge

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jun 2019, Volume 77 N. 6 Pages 429 - 435

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Apesar da síndrome de HAM / TSP clássica ser a perturbação neurológica mais atribuída, alguns distúrbios neurológicos denominados “menores” são vistos em portadores “assintomáticos” de HTLV-1. Esses distúrbios, incluindo alterações cognitivas já observadas em descrições de casos clínicos e estudos, podendo constituir uma verdadeira síndrome clínica intermediária (SI) entre o estado assintomático e mielopatia. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença de déficits cognitivos em pacientes portadores do vírus HTLV-1 diagnosticados classicamente como assintomáticos. Métodos Foram avaliadas 54 pessoas, sendo 35 assintomáticos, 19 com alterações neurológicas menores (avaliados por um neurologista) e 25 HTLV-1 negativo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Inventário Beck de Depressão, Escala de Atividades de Vida Diária de Lawton e uma completa bateria neuropsicológica. A aplicação destes instrumentos de avaliação foi realizada de forma cega, ou seja, a avaliadora não sabia a condição clinica do paciente. Resultados A maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino (n = 57, 72,21%), com idade média de 52.34 anos (DP = 14,29) e escolaridade média de 9.70 anos (DP = 4,11). Discussão Avaliando o desempenho cognitivo nos três grupos, foi possível observar que os participantes classificados com SI, apresentaram menores escores brutos, quando comparados, com os pacientes com classificação assintomática e grupo controle e, em relação à memória episódica auditiva de evocação imediata (p < 0,01) (p = 0,01) e tardia. Conclusão Diante dos resultados foi possível concluir que os pacientes com SI apresentam comprometimento de memória quando comparado com os outros grupos, sendo possível, ser este um dos sintomas para auxiliar na classificação da síndrome.

Background Although classical human T-cell lymphocyte virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis syndrome is the most frequent HTLV-1-associated neurological disorder, some “minor” neurological disorders can be seen in “asymptomatic” carriers. These disorders, including cognitive alterations already described in clinical cases and studies, may constitute an intermediate syndrome (IMS) between the asymptomatic state and myelopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of cognitive deficits in patients with HTLV-1 virus, who usually are diagnosed as asymptomatic. Methods A total of 54 HTLV-1-infected patients were evaluated, 35 asymptomatic and 19 with minor neurological alterations (evaluated by a neurologist); 25 HTLV-1-seronegative individuals served as controls. The instruments used were: Beck’s Depression Inventory, Lawton’s Daily Life Activity Scale, and a complete neuropsychological battery. The application of these evaluation instruments was performed blindly, with the evaluator neuropsychologist not knowing the clinical condition of the patient. Results Most of the participants in this cohort, including seronegative controls, were female (n = 57, 72.21%), their mean age was 52.34 years (SD = 14.29) and their average schooling was 9.70 years (SD = 4.11). Discussion Participants classified with IMS had lower gross scores when compared with both the patients classified as asymptomatic and with the control group, and when tested for auditory episodic memory of immediate (p < 0.01), and late (p = 0.01), recall. Conclusion Patients with IMS presented with memory impairment when compared with asymptomatic patients and seronegative individuals; this is one of the symptoms that aids in the classification of the syndrome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190062 902 downloads

15.

Increasing awareness of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a serious, invisible, and neglected health problem in Brazil
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Puccioni-Sohler, Marzia

; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

; Caterino, Adele

; Proietti, Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro

; Vicente, Ana Carolina Paulo

; Galvão-Castro, Ana Verena

; Vallinoto, Antonio Carlos

; Paiva, Arthur

; Penalva, Augusto

; Rosadas, Carolina

; Miyashiro, Denis

; Barbosa, Edel Figueiredo

; Carvalho, Edgar Marcelino de

; Batista, Everton da Silva

; Smid, Jerusa

; Casseb, Jorge

; Vidal, Jose

; Sousa, Maisa Silva

; Viana, Maria Graça de Castro

; Bastos, Michele de Souza

; Lírio, Monique

; Boa-Sorte, Ney

; Ferreira Jr, Orlando C.

; Takayanagui, Osvaldo

; Moura, Patrícia

; Rocco, Regina

; Cunha, Rodrigo Guimaraes

; Haddad, Simone Kashima

; Assone, Tatiane

; Araújo, Thessika Hialla Almeida

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20190343

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0343-2019 953 downloads

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