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Impact of Intensive Physiotherapy on Cognitive Function after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
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Cavalcante, Elder dos Santos

; Magario, Rosmeiri

; Conforti, César Augusto

; Cipriano Júnior, Gerson

; Arena, Ross

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Buffolo, Enio

; Luna Filho, Bráulio

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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nov 2014, Volume 103 N. 5 Pages 391 - 397

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Background: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a standard surgical option for patients with diffuse and significant arterial plaque. This procedure, however, is not free of postoperative complications, especially pulmonary and cognitive disorders. Objective: This study aimed at comparing the impact of two different physiotherapy treatment approaches on pulmonary and cognitive function of patients undergoing CABG. Methods: Neuropsychological and pulmonary function tests were applied, prior to and following CABG, to 39 patients randomized into two groups as follows: Group 1 (control) - 20 patients underwent one physiotherapy session daily; and Group 2 (intensive physiotherapy) - 19 patients underwent three physiotherapy sessions daily during the recovery phase at the hospital. Non-paired and paired Student t tests were used to compare continuous variables. Variables without normal distribution were compared between groups by using Mann-Whitney test, and, within the same group at different times, by using Wilcoxon test. The chi-square test assessed differences of categorical variables. Statistical tests with a p value ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Changes in pulmonary function were not significantly different between the groups. However, while Group 2 patients showed no decline in their neurocognitive function, Group 1 patients showed a decline in their cognitive functions (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: Those results highlight the importance of physiotherapy after CABG and support the implementation of multiple sessions per day, providing patients with better psychosocial conditions and less morbidity.

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20140161 4134 downloads

Confiabilidade e validade da escala de depressão geriátrica em idosos com doença arterial coronariana
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Pinho, Míriam Ximenes

; Custódio, Osvladir

; Makdisse, Marcia

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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may 2010, Volume 94 N. 5 Pages 570 - 579

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

FUNDAMENTO: A prevalência de depressão em portadores de doença arterial coronariana (DAC) é alta. A escala de depressão geriátrica (EDG) é um instrumento amplamente usado para rastrear a depressão em idosos. No Brasil, as propriedades psicométricas da versão curta ainda não foram adequadamente exploradas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da versão curta da EDG em portadores de DAC em ambulatório de cardiologia. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal que avaliou 209 idosos (≥ 65 anos) com DAC utilizando a EDG-15, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS), Brazilian OARS Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) e The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). A consistência interna da EDG-15 foi calculada pelo KR-20. Uma análise fatorial dessa escala foi conduzida. Escores da EDG-15 foram comparados com os diagnósticos de depressão (DSM-IV) para a validade de critérios. Na análise de validade concorrente, os mesmos escores foram correlacionados com os das escalas de depressão CAMDEX, Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) e BOMFAQ. RESULTADOS: A depressão clínica foi diagnosticada em 35,71% da amostra avaliada de acordo com o DSM-IV. Para o diagnóstico de depressão maior ou distimia, o ponto de corte 5/6 apresentou acurácia moderada (AUROC = 0,84), sensibilidade de 79,92% e especificidade de 78,29%. A consistência interna foi de 0,80. Na análise fatorial, três fatores obtidos explicaram 52,72% da variância total observada. Os escores da EDG-15 correlacionaram-se com os da escala de depressão CAMDEX. CONCLUSÃO: No geral, a EDG-15 apresentou boa confiabilidade e validade (concorrente e de critério). Em settings cardiológicos, seu uso pode auxiliar no rastreamento de quadros depressivos de forma simples e rápida.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depression in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) is high. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a broadly used tool to screen for depression in elderly individuals. In Brazil, the psychometric properties of the short version have not been adequately assessed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the short version of the GDS in patients with CAD treated at a Cardiology Outpatient Clinic. METHODS: The present is a cross-sectional study that assessed 209 elderly individuals (≥ 65 years) with CAD using the GDS-15, the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G), the Brazilian OARS Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) and The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). The internal consistency of the GDS-15 was calculated through the KR-20. A factorial analysis of this scale was carried out. The GDS-15 scores were compared with the diagnoses of depression (DSM-IV) for the validity of criteria. At the analysis of concurrent validity, the same scores were correlated with those of the CAMDEX, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) and BOMFAQ depression scales. RESULTS: Clinical depression was diagnosed in 35.71% of the sample assessed according to the DSM-IV. For the diagnosis of major depression or dystimia, the cutoff 5/6 presented moderate accuracy (AUROC = 0.84), sensitivity of 79.92% and specificity of 78.29%. The internal consistency was 0.80. At the factorial analysis, three obtained factors explained 52.72% of the total variance that was observed. The GDS-15 scores correlated with those of the CAMDEX depression scale. CONCLUSION: In general, the GDS-15 presented good reliability and validity (concurrent and of criterion). In cardiologic settings, its use, which is simple and fast, can be utilized in the screening for depression.

FUNDAMENTO: La prevalencia de depresión en portadores de enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC) es alta. La escala de depresión geriátrica (EDG) es un instrumento ampliamente utilizado para rastrear la depresión en adultos mayores. En Brasil, las propiedades psicométricas de la versión corta aún no fueron adecuadamente estudiadas. OBJETIVO: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión corta de la EDG en portadores de EAC en ambulatorio de cardiología. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal que evaluó 209 adultos mayores (> 65 años) con EAC utilizando la EDG-15, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS), Brazilian OARS Multidimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) y The Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). La consistencia interna de la EDG-15 fue calculada mediante el KR-20. Se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial de esa escala. Los escores de la EDG-15 fueron comparados con los diagnósticos de depresión (DSM-IV) para la validez de criterios. En el análisis de validez concurrente, los mismos escores fueron correlacionados con los de las escalas de depresión CAMDEX, Miniexamen del Estado Mental (MEEM), Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) y BOMFAQ. RESULTADOS: En un 35,71% de la muestra evaluada se diagnosticó depresión clínica, de acuerdo al DSM-IV. Para el diagnóstico de depresión mayor o distimia, el punto de corte 5/6 presentó precisión moderada (AUROC = 0,84), sensibilidad del 79,92% y especificidad del 78,29%. La consistencia interna fue de 0,80. En el análisis factorial, tres factores obtenidos explicaron el 52,72% de la variancia total observada. Los escores de la EDG-15 se correlacionaron con los de la escala de depresión CAMDEX. CONCLUSIÓN: En general, la EDG-15 presentó buena confiabilidad y validez (concurrente y de criterio). En settings cardiológicos, su uso puede auxiliar en el rastreo de cuadros depresivos de forma simple y rápida.

24441 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Novel mutations in the TBX5 gene in patients with Holt-Oram Syndrome
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Porto, Marianna P.R.

; Vergani, Naja

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Cernach, Mirlene C.S.P.

; Brunoni, Decio

; Perez, Ana Beatriz A.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2010, Volume 33 N. 2 Pages 232 - 236

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by upper limb and cardiac malformations. Mutations in the TBX5 gene cause HOS and have also been associated with isolated heart and arm defects. Interactions between the TBX5, GATA4 and NKX2.5 proteins have been reported in humans. We screened the TBX5, GATA4, and NKX2.5 genes for mutations, by direct sequencing, in 32 unrelated patients presenting classical (8) or atypical HOS (1), isolated congenital heart defects (16) or isolated upper-limb malformations (7). Pathogenic mutations in the TBX5 gene were found in four HOS patients, including two new mutations (c.374delG; c.678G > T) in typical patients, and the hotspot mutation c.835C > T in two patients, one of them with an atypical HOS phenotype involving lower-limb malformations. Two new mutations in the GATA4 gene were found in association with isolated upper-limb malformations, but their clinical significance remains to be established. A previously described possibly pathogenic mutation in the NKX2.5 gene (c.73C > 7) was detected in a patient with isolated heart malformations and also in his clinically normal father.

3725 downloads

Bases da terapia celular em cardiologia
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Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Goldenberg, Regina Coeli S.

; Tuche, Fábio Antonio A.

; Dohmann, Hans Fernando R.

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia

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may 2009, Volume 31 Suppl. 1 Pages 75 - 81

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O implante de células para o tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares encontra-se sob investigação em vários centros no mundo. Várias linhagens celulares, de células-tronco bem caracterizadas a frações contendo diferentes tipos de células, têm sido investigadas em modelos animais. Apesar dos avanços obtidos na última década, na área de ciência básica, com relação a esta nova modalidade terapêutica, diversas questões permanecem sem resposta. Pouco ainda se sabe sobre os mecanismos através dos quais a terapia celular possa gerar resultados efetivos. Adicionalmente, a melhor via para o transplante, o número total e a concentração de células, e o melhor tipo celular permanecem questões importantes, ainda sem definição. É fato de que diversas células da medula óssea exercem seus efeitos através de mecanismos parácrinos e de que existe um complexo mecanismo de interação, contato e liberação de sinais entre essas células e as outras populações celulares nos órgãos lesados. Atualmente, a maioria dos estudos em humanos se concentra em células de origem adulta e autóloga, em oposição ao uso de células de origem embrionária. Esta revisão analisa os principais ensaios clínicos que utilizaram células derivadas de medula óssea em quatro cardiopatias: doença arterial coronariana aguda e crônica, e nas cardiomiopatias chagásica e dilatada. Os resultados desses estudos demonstram que o procedimento é seguro e exequível, e potencialmente eficaz. Inquestionavelmente, mais estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos são necessários para acessar o real potencial benefício desse novo modelo terapêutico.

Cell transplantation for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is being investigated in many centers throughout the world. Various cell lines, from well characterized stem cells to cell fractions containing different types of cells, have been investigated in animal models. Despite progress in the basic research of this new therapy obtained over the last decade, many questions remain unanswered. We still know very little about the mechanisms of action that may lead to positive results after cell therapy. Additionally, the best route for cell transplantation, the best number and concentration of cells and the best cell type for transplant remain important questions that are still undefined. It is a fact that many bone marrow cells exert their effects through paracrine mechanisms, and that a complex mechanism of interaction, contact and signal release exists between these cells and other cell populations in damaged organs. Currently the majority of human studies are focused on the use of adult and autologous cells in contrast to the use of embryonic cells. This review describes the main clinical trials that have been performed using bone marrow-derived cells in the setting of four distinct heart diseases: acute and chronic ischemic heart disease and chagasic and dilated cardiomyopathies. Results from these studies demonstrate the procedure to be safe and feasible, and potentially efficacious. Undoubtedly more pre-clinical and clinical studies are necessary to assess the real potential benefit of this new therapeutic model.

3518 downloads

Betabloqueador tópico pode determinar resultados inconclusivos no ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina em pacientes com glaucoma
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Cordovil, Adriana

; Matos, Fernando Q.

; Campos Filho, Orlando

; Paranhos Jr., Augusto

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara T.

; Albernaz, Márcia V.

; Paola, Angelo A. V. de

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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jul 2007, Volume 89 N. 1 Pages 60 - 63

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O ecocardiograma sob estresse com dobutamina é um método bem estabelecido para avaliar doença arterial coronária, cuja sensibilidade tem sido potencializada pela adição de atropina no final do protocolo. Indivíduos com glaucoma, doença com alta prevalência em pacientes cardiopatas com mais de 40 anos, não podem se beneficiar do uso de atropina por ser contra-indicada neste grupo. Além disso, estes indivíduos são tratados freqüentemente com betabloqueadores tópicos (colírios), que podem exercer efeitos sistêmicos diminuindo a freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial e capacidade pulmonar. O objetivo do nosso trabalho foi verificar se a ocorrência de um possível efeito sistêmico causado por estes colírios, causando baixa resposta cronotrópica, poderia determinar resultados inconclusivos no ecocardiograma sob estresse pela dobutamina nestes pacientes com glaucoma.

Dobutamine stress echocardiography is a well-established method to assess coronary artery disease, of which sensitivity has been enhanced by adding atropine at the end of the protocol. Individuals with glaucoma, a disease with a high prevalence in patients with cardiac diseases older than 40 years, cannot benefit from the use of atropine as it is contraindicated for this group of patients. Additionally, these individuals are often treated with topical betablockers (eye drops), which can have systemic effects by decreasing cardiac frequency, blood pressure and pulmonary capacity. The aim of our study was to verify whether a possible systemic effect caused by the use of these eye drops, yielding a low chronotropic response, could result in inconclusive dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients with glaucoma.

5760 downloads Cited 1 time in SciELO

Prevalência e variáveis associadas ao hábito de fumar em crianças e adolescentes
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Silva, Maria Alayde M. da

; Rivera, Ivan R.

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Guerra Júnior, Armando de H.

; Moreira, Tereza Cristina de A.

Jornal de Pediatria

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oct 2006, Volume 82 N. 5 Pages 365 - 370

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência do hábito de fumar e a ocorrência de variáveis associadas ao hábito em crianças e adolescentes de 7 a 17 anos, de ambos os sexos e provenientes da cidade de Maceió. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, baseado na população de alunos da rede de ensino público e privada, níveis fundamental e médio. Cálculo da amostra baseado na menor prevalência esperada de inúmeras variáveis, incluindo tabagismo. Amostragem por conglomerados. Questionário sobre o hábito de fumar; entrevista individual com cada estudante. Considerado fumante atual aquele que admitiu ter fumado em 1 ou mais dias nos últimos 30 dias. Variáveis analisadas: relacionadas ao estudante (idade, sexo, experimentação prévia de cigarros e trabalho remunerado), à sua condição na escola (pública/privada, turno, nível e repetência) e à família (classificação econômica, pais fumantes e pais separados). RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 1.253 estudantes (547 do sexo masculino, média de idade 12,4±2,9 anos). Identificou-se uma prevalência de tabagismo de 2,4%. A análise estatística multivariada demonstrou associação significante do hábito de fumar com: maior idade (odds ratio de 1,31); experimentação prévia de cigarros (odds ratio de 33,96); estudar no período noturno (odds ratio de 5,43). Observou-se que 286 estudantes (22,8%) admitiram haver experimentado cigarros (9% de 7 a 9 anos; 21% de 10 a 14 anos; 36% de 15 a 17 anos). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de tabagismo em crianças e adolescentes da rede de ensino da cidade de Maceió é de 2,4%, sendo mais freqüente em estudantes de 15 a 17 anos, do curso noturno. Estudantes que experimentaram cigarros apresentam 34 vezes mais chances de se tornarem fumantes.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of smoking and the presence of variables associated with the habit in children and adolescents of both sexes, aged 7 to 17 years, resident in the city of Maceió. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study of the student population of the both private and public education systems at elementary and high school level. Sample size was calculated based on the minimum predicted prevalence of a large number of variables, including smoking itself. Cluster sampling was employed. A questionnaire on smoking habits was completed during individual interviews with each student. Children who admitted having smoked on 1 or more day during the previous 30 were defined as current smokers. The variables analyzed were related to: the students (age, sex, previous experimentation with cigarettes and paid employment), their educational status (public/private school, daytime/evening lessons, grade and repeated years) and their families (economic status, smoking parents and separated parents). RESULTS: A total of 1,253 students were analyzed (547 were male, mean age was 12.4 2.9 years). Observed smoking prevalence was 2.4%. Multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated significant associations between smoking and: increased age (odds ratio: 1.31); previous experimentation with cigarettes (odds ratio: 33.96); studying during the evening (odds ratio: 5.43). It was observed that 286 students (22.8%) admitted having experimented with cigarettes (9% from 7 to 9 years; 21% from 10 to 14 years; 36% from 15 to 17 years). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of smoking among children and adolescents in the Maceió educational system is 2.4%, being most common among students aged 15 to 17 years, studying in the evening. Students who had experimented with cigarettes exhibited a 34 times greater chance of becoming smokers.

3978 downloads

Avaliação funcional do apêndice atrial esquerdo ao ecocardiograma transesofágico antes e após valvotomia percutânea na estenose mitral
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Tatani, Solange Bernardes

; Campos Filho, Orlando

; Fischer, Claudio Henrique

; Moisés, Valdir Ambrósio

; Souza, José Augusto Marcondes de

; Alves, Cláudia Maria Rodrigues

; Paola, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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jun 2005, Volume 84 N. 6 Pages 457 - 460

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da abertura efetiva da valva mitral estenótica através da valvotomia percutânea por cateter balão na função do apêndice atrial esquerdo. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 12 pacientes com estenose mitral sintomática, em ritmo sinusal, submetidos ao ecocardiograma transesofágico antes e após valvotomia percutânea por cateter balão efetiva. Em relação ao apêndice atrial esquerdo, foram analisadas ao Doppler pulsátil as velocidades máximas e respectivas integrais dos fluxos anterógrado e retrógrado, além da fração de ejeção calculada pela planimetria da área desta estrutura. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento significante das velocidades de fluxo anterógrado do apêndice atrial esquerdo após valvotomia percutânea por cateter balão (pré: média de 0,30 m/s; pós: média de 0,47 m/s; p<0,05) e de suas respectivas integrais. O mesmo ocorreu com as velocidades de fluxo retrógrado (pré: média de 0,35 m/s, pós: média de 0,53 m/s; p<0,05). Houve tendência de aumento da fração de ejeção do apêndice atrial esquerdo após o procedimento (pré: média de 20%, pós: média de 31%; p=0,08). CONCLUSÃO: A abertura efetiva do orifício mitral estenosado decorrente da valvotomia percutânea por cateter balão determinou melhora do padrão de fluxo do apêndice atrial esquerdo, o que potencialmente pode contribuir para redução do risco embólico.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of the relief of the mitral stenosis by percutaneous ballon valvotomy in the function of the left atrial appendage. METHODS: Twelve patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis, in sinus rhythm, were studied. They were submitted to the transesophageal echocardiogram before and after effective percutaneous ballon valvotomy. Concerning the left atrial appendage, the peak flow velocities and the respective integral of the anterograde and retrograde flow, in addition to the ejection fraction calculated through the planimetry of the area of that structure, were analyzed at the pulsatile Doppler. RESULTS: There was a significant increase of the anterograde flow velocity of the left atrial appendage after percutaneous ballon valvotomy (pre: mean of 0.30 m/s; post: mean of 0.47 m/s; p<0.05) and their respective integrals. The same happened with the retrograde flow velocity (pre: mean of 0.35 m/s, post: mean of 0.53 m/s; p<0.05). There was a tendency of increase of the ejection fraction of the left atrial appendage after the procedure (pre: mean of 20%, post: mean of 31%; p=0.08). CONCLUSION: The effective opening of the stenosed mitral orifice resulting from the percutaneous ballon valvotomy determined an improvement of the flow pattern of the left atrial appendage, which can potentially contribute for the reduction of the embolic risk.

4889 downloads

III Diretriz sobre tratamento do infarto agudo do miocárdio
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Piegas, Leopoldo S.

; Timerman, Ari

; Nicolau, José Carlos

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Feitosa, Gilson S.

; Avezum, Álvaro

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Mansur, Antonio de Pádua

; Timerman, Ari

; Guimarães, Armênio Costa

; Bozza, Augusto Elias Z.

; Markman F., Brivaldo

; Polanczyk, Carisi A.

; Serrano, Carlos Vicente

; Oliveira, César Cardoso de

; Alves, Claudia M. Rodrigues

; Précoma, Dalton Bertolim

; Albuquerque, Denílson Campos de

; Romano, Edson Renato

; Stefanini, Edson

; Knobel, Elias

; Santos, Elisabete S.

; God, Epotamenides M. Good

; Silva, Expedito E. Ribeiro da

; Brito, Fábio Sandoli de

; Reis, Gilmar

; Feitosa, Gilson S.

; Lima, Gustavo Glotz de

; Atie, Jacob

; Rossi Neto, João Manoel

; Marin Neto, José Antonio

; Nicolau, José Carlos

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Amino, José Geraldo de Castro

; Piegas, Leopoldo S.

; Maia, Lilia Nigro

; Moreira, Luis Felipe

; Mattos, Luiz Alberto

; Arraes, Magaly

; Coutinho, Mário

; Dutra, Oscar

; Coelho, Otávio Rizzi

; Leães, Paulo Ernesto

; Rossi, Paulo Roberto Ferreira

; Albuquerque, Pedro

; Bassan, Roberto

; Esporcatte, Roberto

; Giraldez, Roberto Rocha

; Meneghelo, Romeu Sérgio

; Ramos, Rui Fernando

; Carvalho, Valéria Bezerra de

; Mathias, Wilson

; Guimarães, Jorge Ilha

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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sep 2004, Volume 83 Suppl. 4 Pages 1 - 86

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

414576 downloads

Efeitos do local de inserção do dreno pleural na função pulmonar no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio
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Guizilini, Solange

; Gomes, Walter J.

; Faresin, Sonia M.

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Jaramillo, Jaime I.

; Alves, Francisco A.

; Catani, Roberto

; Buffolo, Enio

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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mar 2004, Volume 19 N. 1 Pages 47 - 54

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Analisar a alteração da função pulmonar e dor em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (RM) com enxerto da artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE), sem circulação extracorpórea (CEC), comparando a inserção do dreno pleural nas regiões intercostal e subxifóide. MÉTODO: Vinte e oito pacientes (média de idade 57,4 ± 8,4 anos) foram alocados em dois grupos, de acordo com a posição do dreno pleural. Grupo IL (n=15) com inserção do dreno no sexto espaço intercostal esquerdo na linha axilar média; e grupo IM (n =13) inserção do dreno na região subxifóide. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação da função pulmonar. Registros espirométricos da capacidade vital forçada (CVF) e do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) foram obtidos no pré, primeiro, terceiro e quinto dia dias pós-operatório (PO) e a gasometria arterial em ar ambiente no pré e primeiro dia de pós-operatório. A sensação de dor foi quantificada por um escore padrão (0 a 10) no primeiro dia de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos houve queda significativa da CVF e do VEF1 até o quinto pós-operatório (p<0,001). Quando comparados, a diferença entre os grupos se manteve significativa, com maior queda dos valores de CVF e VEF1 no grupo IL (p<0,05). A pressão parcial de oxigênio arterial apresentou queda significativa no primeiro dia de pós-operatório em ambos os grupos, porém com maior decréscimo no grupo IL (p=0,021). A dor referida foi maior no grupo IL (p=0,002). CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia de RM sem CEC, utilizando a ATIE com pleurotomia esquerda, independente da posição do dreno pleural causa dor e queda significativa na função pulmonar no PO. Porém, a inserção do dreno pleural na região subxifóide demonstrou menor dor subjetiva com melhor preservação da função pulmonar quando comparada à inserção intercostal.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the pulmonary function changes and pain in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting utilizing a left internal thoracic artery graft, comparing the pleural drain insertion through the intercostal space and subxyphoid approach. METHODS: Twenty eight patients (mean age 57.4 ± 8.4 years) were divided into two groups, according to the pleural drain site. Group IL (n=15) had the pleural drain inserted through the sixth left intercostal space at the mid-axillary line and in the IM group (n=13) the drain was placed through the subxyphoid region. All the patients underwent pre- and post-operative evaluation of pulmonary function tests as well as arterial blood gas analysis. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were recorded in the preoperative period, and in the first, third and fifth postoperative days. The pain sensation was evaluated using a standard score from 0 to 10. RESULTS: In both groups falls in FVC and FEV1 were noted, up to the fifth postoperative day (P<0.001). However, the decrease was higher in the IL group, when compared to the IM group (p<0.05). Also arterial blood gas analysis showed a decline of the partial oxygen pressure in both groups on the fist postoperative day, but more significantly in the IL group (p=0.021). The pain sensation was higher in the IL group (p=0.002). CONCLUSION: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with using of left internal thoracic artery, disregarding the pleural drain site, leads to a significant decrease of postoperative pulmonary function. However, the subxyphoid technique of drain insertion has shown a better preservation of the lung function when compared to the intercostal drain site.

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10.

Structural and functional characteristics of rat hearts with and without myocardial infarct. Initial experience with doppler echocardiography
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Moisés, Valdir A.

; Ferreira, Ricardo L.

; Nozawa, Emília

; Kanashiro, Rosemeire M.

; Campos Fº, Orlando

; Andrade, José Lázaro de

; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos C.

; Tucci, Paulo J. F.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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- Sobre o periódico
- SciELO Analytics

aug 2000, Volume 75 N. 2 Pages 131 - 136

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess by Doppler echocardiography the structural and functional alterations of rat heart with surgical induced extensive myocardial infarction. METHODS: Five weeks after surgical ligature of the left coronary artery, 38 Wistar-EPM rats of both sexes, 10 of them with extensive infarction, undergone anatomical and functional evaluation by Doppler echocardiography and then euthanized for anatomopathological analysis. RESULTS: Echocardiography was 100% sensible and specific to anatomopathological confirmed extensive miocardial infarction. Extensive infarction lead to dilatation of left ventricle (diastolic diameter: 0.89cm vs.0.64cm; systolic: 0.72cm vs. 0.33cm) and left atrium (0.55cm vs. 0.33cm); thinning of left ventricular anterior wall (systolic: 0.14cm vs. 0.23cm, diastolic: 0.11cm vs. 0.14cm); increased mitral E/ A wave relation (6.45 vs. 1.95). Signals of increased end diastolic ventricle pressure, B point in mitral valve tracing in 62.5% and signs of pulmonary hypertension straightening of pulmonary valve (90%) and notching of pulmonary systolic flow (60%) were observed in animals with extensive infarction. CONCLUSION: Doppler echocardiography has a high sensitivity and specificity for detection of chronic extensive infarction. Extensive infarction caused dilatation of left cardiac chambers and showed in Doppler signals of increased end diastolic left ventricular pressure and pulmonary artery pressure.

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